生物多样性 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 127-135. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015082
所属专题: 生物多样性与生态系统功能
祁威1,2, 摆万奇1, 张镱锂1,2,,A;*(), 吴雪1,2, 李兰晖1,2, 丁明军1,3, 周才平1
收稿日期:
2015-04-01
接受日期:
2015-09-29
出版日期:
2016-02-20
发布日期:
2016-03-03
通讯作者:
张镱锂
基金资助:
Wei Qi1,2, Wanqi Bai1, Yili Zhang1,2,*(), Xue Wu1,2, Lanhui Li1,2, Mingjun Ding1,3, Caiping Zhou1
Received:
2015-04-01
Accepted:
2015-09-29
Online:
2016-02-20
Published:
2016-03-03
Contact:
Zhang Yili
摘要:
为了有效评估生态工程建设对青藏高原典型国家级自然保护区的影响, 基于表征生态系统功能状况的植被净初级生产力变化系列数据, 采用样区对比法系统分析了羌塘和三江源两个国家级自然保护区建立及2004/2005年实施的新生态工程的效果。研究表明: (1) 1982-2009年间, 在10组对比样区中有9组保护区内样区的草地净初级生产力呈波动上升的趋势; (2) 2004年后新生态工程的实施效果良好, 有8组对比样区生态状况转好; (3)在所有高寒草地类型中, 新生态工程对高寒草甸类型样区的保护效果最为显著。
祁威, 摆万奇, 张镱锂, 吴雪, 李兰晖, 丁明军, 周才平 (2016) 生态工程实施对羌塘和三江源国家级自然保护区植被净初级生产力的影响. 生物多样性, 24, 127-135. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015082.
Wei Qi, Wanqi Bai, Yili Zhang, Xue Wu, Lanhui Li, Mingjun Ding, Caiping Zhou (2016) Effects of ecological engineering on net primary production in the Chang Tang and Sanjiangyuan national nature reserves on the Tibetan Plateau. Biodiversity Science, 24, 127-135. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015082.
样区编号 No. of sampling area | 自然保护区 Nature reserve | 高寒草地类型 Type of alpine grassland | 样区内/外有效像元数(个) Number of effective pixels of sampling areas (inside/outside) | 样区编号 No. of sampling area | 自然保护区 Nature reserve | 高寒草地类型 Type of alpine grassland | 样区内/外有效像元数(个) Number of effective pixels of l sampling areas (inside/outside) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
01 | 羌塘 Chang Tang | 高寒荒漠 Alpine desert | 62/66 | 06 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 115/106 |
02 | 羌塘 Chang Tang | 高寒草原 Alpine steppe | 102/84 | 07 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 115/145 |
03 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 70/95 | 08 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 125/94 |
04 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 132/98 | 09 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 77/80 |
05 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 148/95 | 10 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草原 Alpine steppe | 70/70 |
表1 10组代表性对比样区信息(修改自张镱锂等, 2015a)
Table 1 Data for 10 pairs of sampling areas (adopted from Zhang et al, 2015a)
样区编号 No. of sampling area | 自然保护区 Nature reserve | 高寒草地类型 Type of alpine grassland | 样区内/外有效像元数(个) Number of effective pixels of sampling areas (inside/outside) | 样区编号 No. of sampling area | 自然保护区 Nature reserve | 高寒草地类型 Type of alpine grassland | 样区内/外有效像元数(个) Number of effective pixels of l sampling areas (inside/outside) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
01 | 羌塘 Chang Tang | 高寒荒漠 Alpine desert | 62/66 | 06 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 115/106 |
02 | 羌塘 Chang Tang | 高寒草原 Alpine steppe | 102/84 | 07 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 115/145 |
03 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 70/95 | 08 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 125/94 |
04 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 132/98 | 09 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 77/80 |
05 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草甸 Alpine meadow | 148/95 | 10 | 三江源 Sanjiangyuan | 高寒草原 Alpine steppe | 70/70 |
图2 三江源和羌塘国家级自然保护区分阶段年均植被净初级生产力(NPP)的变化
Fig. 2 Inter-annual changes of net primary production (NPP) at three stages in Chang Tang and Sanjiangyuan national nature reserves
图3 10组代表性样区不同研究阶段(自然保护区建立及新生态工程实施前、后)年均植被净初级生产力(NPP)的变化
Fig. 3 Inter-annual changes of net primary production (NPP) in 10 pairs of sampling areas at different stages (before and after the establishment of nature reserve and implementation of new ecological engineering in 2004 or 2005)
样区 Sampling area | 分析时段 Analysis period | 第二阶段与第一阶段的NPP变化速率 差值(P2-1)*** The difference of NPP change rate between the second stage and the first stage (P2-1)*** | 第三阶段与第一阶段的NPP变化速率 差值(P3-1)*** The difference of NPP change rate between the third stage and the first stage (P3-1)*** | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
编号 No. | 样区组 Sampling area pair | 全时段* (1982-2009) Whole period (1982-2009) | 第一阶段(K1)** (1982年至建立 自然保护区) First stage (K1)** (1982 to implementation of nature reserve) | 第二阶段(K2)(建立自然保护区至实施新生态工程) Second stage (K2) (implementation of nature reserve to new ecological engineering in 2000s) | 第三阶段(K3) (实施新生态工程至2009年) Third stage (K3) (implementation of new ecological engineering in 2000s to 2009) | |||
01 | 区内 Inside | 0.057 | -0.005 | -0.222 | 3.067 | -0.163 | 0.288 | |
区外 Outside | -0.004 | -0.194 | -0.248 | 2.591 | ||||
02 | 区内 Inside | 0.108 | 0.134 | 0.073 | 2.454 | 0.108 | -0.640 | |
区外 Outside | 0.104 | 0.072 | -0.097 | 3.032 | ||||
03 | 区内 Inside | 0.095 | 0.170 | -3.709 | 6.896 | -1.529 | 1.700 | |
区外 Outside | 0.085 | 0.096 | -2.253 | 5.122 | ||||
04 | 区内 Inside | -0.131 | -0.382 | -3.768 | 4.561 | -0.872 | 0.170 | |
区外 Outside | 0.130 | -0.012 | -2.527 | 4.761 | ||||
05 | 区内 Inside | 0.524 | -0.287 | -2.619 | 15.643 | -1.303 | 9.778 | |
区外 Outside | 0.537 | 0.320 | -0.709 | 6.472 | ||||
06 | 区内 Inside | 0.643 | 0.094 | -0.750 | 2.200 | 1.119 | 1.717 | |
区外 Outside | 0.654 | 0.479 | -1.485 | 0.868 | ||||
07 | 区内 Inside | 0.721 | -0.134 | 4.287 | -2.174 | 0.934 | 1.951 | |
区外 Outside | 0.742 | -0.167 | 3.321 | -4.158 | ||||
08 | 区内 Inside | 1.291 | 1.588 | 3.770 | -9.409 | 5.422 | 0.587 | |
区外 Outside | 1.370 | 2.075 | -1.165 | -9.509 | ||||
09 | 区内 Inside | 0.813 | 0.533 | -0.138 | -5.442 | -0.346 | 1.390 | |
区外 Outside | 0.621 | 0.716 | 0.390 | -6.649 | ||||
10 | 区内 Inside | 1.104 | -0.943 | 4.482 | 20.468 | -7.384 | 8.197 | |
区外 Outside | 1.157 | -1.050 | 11.759 | 12.165 |
表2 自然保护区建立及新生态工程实施前后代表性对比样区净初级生产力(NPP)的变化速率及其差值
Table 2 Change rate of net primary production (NPP) and its difference in 10 pairs of sampling areas before and after the establishment of nature reserve and implement of new ecological engineering in 2004 or 2005
样区 Sampling area | 分析时段 Analysis period | 第二阶段与第一阶段的NPP变化速率 差值(P2-1)*** The difference of NPP change rate between the second stage and the first stage (P2-1)*** | 第三阶段与第一阶段的NPP变化速率 差值(P3-1)*** The difference of NPP change rate between the third stage and the first stage (P3-1)*** | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
编号 No. | 样区组 Sampling area pair | 全时段* (1982-2009) Whole period (1982-2009) | 第一阶段(K1)** (1982年至建立 自然保护区) First stage (K1)** (1982 to implementation of nature reserve) | 第二阶段(K2)(建立自然保护区至实施新生态工程) Second stage (K2) (implementation of nature reserve to new ecological engineering in 2000s) | 第三阶段(K3) (实施新生态工程至2009年) Third stage (K3) (implementation of new ecological engineering in 2000s to 2009) | |||
01 | 区内 Inside | 0.057 | -0.005 | -0.222 | 3.067 | -0.163 | 0.288 | |
区外 Outside | -0.004 | -0.194 | -0.248 | 2.591 | ||||
02 | 区内 Inside | 0.108 | 0.134 | 0.073 | 2.454 | 0.108 | -0.640 | |
区外 Outside | 0.104 | 0.072 | -0.097 | 3.032 | ||||
03 | 区内 Inside | 0.095 | 0.170 | -3.709 | 6.896 | -1.529 | 1.700 | |
区外 Outside | 0.085 | 0.096 | -2.253 | 5.122 | ||||
04 | 区内 Inside | -0.131 | -0.382 | -3.768 | 4.561 | -0.872 | 0.170 | |
区外 Outside | 0.130 | -0.012 | -2.527 | 4.761 | ||||
05 | 区内 Inside | 0.524 | -0.287 | -2.619 | 15.643 | -1.303 | 9.778 | |
区外 Outside | 0.537 | 0.320 | -0.709 | 6.472 | ||||
06 | 区内 Inside | 0.643 | 0.094 | -0.750 | 2.200 | 1.119 | 1.717 | |
区外 Outside | 0.654 | 0.479 | -1.485 | 0.868 | ||||
07 | 区内 Inside | 0.721 | -0.134 | 4.287 | -2.174 | 0.934 | 1.951 | |
区外 Outside | 0.742 | -0.167 | 3.321 | -4.158 | ||||
08 | 区内 Inside | 1.291 | 1.588 | 3.770 | -9.409 | 5.422 | 0.587 | |
区外 Outside | 1.370 | 2.075 | -1.165 | -9.509 | ||||
09 | 区内 Inside | 0.813 | 0.533 | -0.138 | -5.442 | -0.346 | 1.390 | |
区外 Outside | 0.621 | 0.716 | 0.390 | -6.649 | ||||
10 | 区内 Inside | 1.104 | -0.943 | 4.482 | 20.468 | -7.384 | 8.197 | |
区外 Outside | 1.157 | -1.050 | 11.759 | 12.165 |
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