生态工程实施对羌塘和三江源国家级自然保护区植被净初级生产力的影响

doi:10.17520/biods.2015082

生物多样性 ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (2): 127-135. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015082

所属专题：生物多样性与生态系统功能

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

生态工程实施对羌塘和三江源国家级自然保护区植被净初级生产力的影响

祁威^1,², 摆万奇¹, 张镱锂^1,^2,,A;^*(), 吴雪^1,², 李兰晖^1,², 丁明军^1,³, 周才平¹

1 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟院重点实验室, 北京 100101
2 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
3 江西师范大学地理与环境学院鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室, 南昌 330022;

收稿日期:2015-04-01 接受日期:2015-09-29 出版日期:2016-02-20 发布日期:2016-03-03
通讯作者: 张镱锂
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(41171080)、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB03030500) 、国家科技基础性工作专项(2012FY114000)和国家科技支撑项目(2013BAC04B02)

Effects of ecological engineering on net primary production in the Chang Tang and Sanjiangyuan national nature reserves on the Tibetan Plateau

Wei Qi^1,², Wanqi Bai¹, Yili Zhang^1,^2,^*(), Xue Wu^1,², Lanhui Li^1,², Mingjun Ding^1,³, Caiping Zhou¹

1 Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation of CAS, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
3 Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research of Ministry of Education, School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022;

Received:2015-04-01 Accepted:2015-09-29 Online:2016-02-20 Published:2016-03-03
Contact: Zhang Yili

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了有效评估生态工程建设对青藏高原典型国家级自然保护区的影响, 基于表征生态系统功能状况的植被净初级生产力变化系列数据, 采用样区对比法系统分析了羌塘和三江源两个国家级自然保护区建立及2004/2005年实施的新生态工程的效果。研究表明: (1) 1982-2009年间, 在10组对比样区中有9组保护区内样区的草地净初级生产力呈波动上升的趋势; (2) 2004年后新生态工程的实施效果良好, 有8组对比样区生态状况转好; (3)在所有高寒草地类型中, 新生态工程对高寒草甸类型样区的保护效果最为显著。

关键词: 生态工程, 自然保护区, 净初级生产力, 三江源, 羌塘, 样区对比法

Abstract

Long term series of remotely sensed imagery of net primary production (NPP) data could reflect ecosystem health. In this study, we employed NPP to evaluate the effects of ecological engineering (nature reserve and new ecological engineering in 2004 or 2005 techniques) by the sampling area comparison method in the Chang Tang and Sanjiangyuan national nature reserves on the Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that: (1) among the 10 pairs of sampling areas, annual NPP of 9 pairs tended to increase between 1982 and 2009; (2) the new ecological engineering techniques improved the effectiveness of ecosystem conservation, with NPP in 8 pairs of sampling areas increasing faster than before; and (3) among all alpine grassland types, the new ecological engineering techniques remarkably improved the effectiveness of conserving the meadows.

Key words: ecological engineering, nature reserve, net primary production, Sanjiangyuan, Chang Tang, sampling area comparison method

祁威, 摆万奇, 张镱锂, 吴雪, 李兰晖, 丁明军, 周才平 (2016) 生态工程实施对羌塘和三江源国家级自然保护区植被净初级生产力的影响. 生物多样性, 24, 127-135. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015082.

Wei Qi, Wanqi Bai, Yili Zhang, Xue Wu, Lanhui Li, Mingjun Ding, Caiping Zhou (2016) Effects of ecological engineering on net primary production in the Chang Tang and Sanjiangyuan national nature reserves on the Tibetan Plateau. Biodiversity Science, 24, 127-135. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015082.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2015082

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2016/V24/I2/127

图/表 5

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样区编号 No. of sampling area	自然保护区 Nature reserve	高寒草地类型 Type of alpine grassland	样区内/外有效像元数(个) Number of effective pixels of sampling areas (inside/outside)	样区编号 No. of sampling area	自然保护区 Nature reserve	高寒草地类型 Type of alpine grassland	样区内/外有效像元数(个) Number of effective pixels of l sampling areas (inside/outside)
01	羌塘 Chang Tang	高寒荒漠 Alpine desert	62/66	06	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	115/106
02	羌塘 Chang Tang	高寒草原 Alpine steppe	102/84	07	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	115/145
03	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	70/95	08	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	125/94
04	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	132/98	09	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	77/80
05	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	148/95	10	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草原 Alpine steppe	70/70

样区编号 No. of sampling area	自然保护区 Nature reserve	高寒草地类型 Type of alpine grassland	样区内/外有效像元数(个) Number of effective pixels of sampling areas (inside/outside)	样区编号 No. of sampling area	自然保护区 Nature reserve	高寒草地类型 Type of alpine grassland	样区内/外有效像元数(个) Number of effective pixels of l sampling areas (inside/outside)
01	羌塘 Chang Tang	高寒荒漠 Alpine desert	62/66	06	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	115/106
02	羌塘 Chang Tang	高寒草原 Alpine steppe	102/84	07	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	115/145
03	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	70/95	08	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	125/94
04	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	132/98	09	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	77/80
05	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草甸 Alpine meadow	148/95	10	三江源 Sanjiangyuan	高寒草原 Alpine steppe	70/70

样区 Sampling area		分析时段 Analysis period				第二阶段与第一阶段的NPP变化速率差值(P_2-1)^* The difference of NPP change rate between the second stage and the first stage (P_2-1)^*	第三阶段与第一阶段的NPP变化速率差值(P_3-1)^* The difference of NPP change rate between the third stage and the first stage (P_3-1)^*
编号 No.	样区组 Sampling area pair	全时段^* (1982-2009) Whole period (1982-2009)	第一阶段(K₁)^(1982年至建立自然保护区) First stage (K₁)^(1982 to implementation of nature reserve)	第二阶段(K₂)(建立自然保护区至实施新生态工程) Second stage (K₂) (implementation of nature reserve to new ecological engineering in 2000s)	第三阶段(K₃) (实施新生态工程至2009年) Third stage (K₃) (implementation of new ecological engineering in 2000s to 2009)
01	区内 Inside	0.057	-0.005	-0.222	3.067	-0.163	0.288
01	区外 Outside	-0.004	-0.194	-0.248	2.591	-0.163	0.288
02	区内 Inside	0.108	0.134	0.073	2.454	0.108	-0.640
02	区外 Outside	0.104	0.072	-0.097	3.032	0.108	-0.640
03	区内 Inside	0.095	0.170	-3.709	6.896	-1.529	1.700
03	区外 Outside	0.085	0.096	-2.253	5.122	-1.529	1.700
04	区内 Inside	-0.131	-0.382	-3.768	4.561	-0.872	0.170
04	区外 Outside	0.130	-0.012	-2.527	4.761	-0.872	0.170
05	区内 Inside	0.524	-0.287	-2.619	15.643	-1.303	9.778
05	区外 Outside	0.537	0.320	-0.709	6.472	-1.303	9.778
06	区内 Inside	0.643	0.094	-0.750	2.200	1.119	1.717
06	区外 Outside	0.654	0.479	-1.485	0.868	1.119	1.717
07	区内 Inside	0.721	-0.134	4.287	-2.174	0.934	1.951
07	区外 Outside	0.742	-0.167	3.321	-4.158	0.934	1.951
08	区内 Inside	1.291	1.588	3.770	-9.409	5.422	0.587
08	区外 Outside	1.370	2.075	-1.165	-9.509	5.422	0.587
09	区内 Inside	0.813	0.533	-0.138	-5.442	-0.346	1.390
09	区外 Outside	0.621	0.716	0.390	-6.649	-0.346	1.390
10	区内 Inside	1.104	-0.943	4.482	20.468	-7.384	8.197
10	区外 Outside	1.157	-1.050	11.759	12.165	-7.384	8.197

样区 Sampling area		分析时段 Analysis period				第二阶段与第一阶段的NPP变化速率差值(P_2-1)^* The difference of NPP change rate between the second stage and the first stage (P_2-1)^*	第三阶段与第一阶段的NPP变化速率差值(P_3-1)^* The difference of NPP change rate between the third stage and the first stage (P_3-1)^*
编号 No.	样区组 Sampling area pair	全时段^* (1982-2009) Whole period (1982-2009)	第一阶段(K₁)^(1982年至建立自然保护区) First stage (K₁)^(1982 to implementation of nature reserve)	第二阶段(K₂)(建立自然保护区至实施新生态工程) Second stage (K₂) (implementation of nature reserve to new ecological engineering in 2000s)	第三阶段(K₃) (实施新生态工程至2009年) Third stage (K₃) (implementation of new ecological engineering in 2000s to 2009)
01	区内 Inside	0.057	-0.005	-0.222	3.067	-0.163	0.288
01	区外 Outside	-0.004	-0.194	-0.248	2.591	-0.163	0.288
02	区内 Inside	0.108	0.134	0.073	2.454	0.108	-0.640
02	区外 Outside	0.104	0.072	-0.097	3.032	0.108	-0.640
03	区内 Inside	0.095	0.170	-3.709	6.896	-1.529	1.700
03	区外 Outside	0.085	0.096	-2.253	5.122	-1.529	1.700
04	区内 Inside	-0.131	-0.382	-3.768	4.561	-0.872	0.170
04	区外 Outside	0.130	-0.012	-2.527	4.761	-0.872	0.170
05	区内 Inside	0.524	-0.287	-2.619	15.643	-1.303	9.778
05	区外 Outside	0.537	0.320	-0.709	6.472	-1.303	9.778
06	区内 Inside	0.643	0.094	-0.750	2.200	1.119	1.717
06	区外 Outside	0.654	0.479	-1.485	0.868	1.119	1.717
07	区内 Inside	0.721	-0.134	4.287	-2.174	0.934	1.951
07	区外 Outside	0.742	-0.167	3.321	-4.158	0.934	1.951
08	区内 Inside	1.291	1.588	3.770	-9.409	5.422	0.587
08	区外 Outside	1.370	2.075	-1.165	-9.509	5.422	0.587
09	区内 Inside	0.813	0.533	-0.138	-5.442	-0.346	1.390
09	区外 Outside	0.621	0.716	0.390	-6.649	-0.346	1.390
10	区内 Inside	1.104	-0.943	4.482	20.468	-7.384	8.197
10	区外 Outside	1.157	-1.050	11.759	12.165	-7.384	8.197

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生态工程实施对羌塘和三江源国家级自然保护区植被净初级生产力的影响

Effects of ecological engineering on net primary production in the Chang Tang and Sanjiangyuan national nature reserves on the Tibetan Plateau

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