生物多样性 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 286-294.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018005

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

海洋保护区管理与保护成效评估的方法与进展

宋瑞玲1,3, 姚锦仙1,2,*(), 吴恺悦1, 张晓川1,3, 吕植1,3, 朱争光4, 殷丽洁1,3   

  1. 1 (北京大学生命科学学院, 北京 100871)
    2 (北京大学海洋研究院, 北京100871)
    3 (北京大学自然保护与社会发展研究中心, 北京 100871)
    4 (国家海洋环境监测中心, 辽宁大连 116023)
  • 收稿日期:2018-01-09 接受日期:2018-03-19 出版日期:2018-03-20 发布日期:2018-05-05
  • 通讯作者: 姚锦仙
  • 作者简介:

    # 共同第一作者

Evaluation of the effectiveness of marine protected areas: Methodologies and progress

Ruiling Song1,3, Jinxian Yao1,2,*(), Kaiyue Wu1, Xiaochuan Zhang1,3, Zhi Lü1,3, Zhengguang Zhu4, Lijie Yin1,3   

  1. 1 School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871
    2 Institute of Ocean Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871
    3 Center for Nature and Society, Peking University, Beijing 100871
    4 National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, Liaoning 116023
  • Received:2018-01-09 Accepted:2018-03-19 Online:2018-03-20 Published:2018-05-05
  • Contact: Yao Jinxian
  • About author:

    # Co-first authors

摘要:

全球物种多样性的持续下降使得生物多样性保护面临巨大挑战, 海洋生物多样性的保护任务尤其艰巨。海洋保护区是保护生物多样性的有效方式之一, 如何对其成效进行评估是当前研究热点。然而, 目前针对海洋保护区的评估体系较少, 而且评估指标多侧重于管理成效。近年来随着全球生物多样性监测网络和数据库的建立, 以及多种新技术(如遥感、声呐系统、卫星追踪、基因组学等)在海洋生物多样性监测中的应用, 使得从生态系统到基因水平的多层次连续监测成为可能。基于此, 建议未来我国海洋保护区成效评估应在充分利用新技术方法的基础上, 加强长期科学监测, 建立并完善生物多样性监测数据库和信息共享机制, 发展跨学科的综合保护成效评估体系, 加强基于生物多样性监测的保护成效评估。

关键词: 海洋保护区, 保护成效, 生物多样性监测

Abstract

The continued decline of global biodiversity presents a huge challenge for biodiversity conservation, especially for marine biodiversity conservation. As an effective way to protect biodiversity, evaluating the effectiveness of MPAs (Marine Protected Areas) is becoming a critical issue. However, only limited assessment methodologies were specially designed for MPAs so far. Moreover, evaluation indicators have mainly focused on management effectiveness. Recently, the establishment of global biodiversity monitoring networks and databases and the application of new technologies (including remote sensing, sonar system, satellite tracking, and genomics) have provided available data and information for quantified conservation effectiveness evaluations at multiple levels from ecosystems to genes. Future evaluation should be based on long-term scientific monitoring with the assistance of new technologies, promoting the establishment of the biodiversity monitoring database and information sharing, and developing integrated and interdisciplinary evaluation systems to evaluate conservation effectiveness.

Key words: marine protected area, conservation effectiveness, biodiversity monitoring