生物多样性 ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (11): 1223-1238.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017184

• 生物编目 • 上一篇    下一篇

生物多样性信息资源. I. 物种分布、编目、系统发育与生活史性状

王昕1,2, 张凤麟1,2, 张健1,2,,A;*   

  1. 1 浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 浙江宁波 315114
    2 华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院, 上海 200241;
  • 收稿日期:2017-06-25 接受日期:2017-10-06 出版日期:2017-11-20 发布日期:2017-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 张健
  • 基金资助:
    中组部“千人计划”青年人才项目和国家自然科学基金(31670439)

Biodiversity information resources. I. Species distribution, catalogue, phylogeny, and life history traits

Xin Wang1,2, Fenglin Zhang1,2, Jian Zhang1,2,*   

  1. 1 Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315114
    2 School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241
  • Received:2017-06-25 Accepted:2017-10-06 Online:2017-11-20 Published:2017-11-20
  • Contact: Zhang Jian

摘要:

物种分布、编目、系统发育与生活史性状等是生物多样性研究的数据基础, 在物种起源与进化、生物多样性保护等研究中发挥着重要作用。近年来, 大量数据共享平台的建设极大地促进了生物多样性信息学的蓬勃发展, 但这些海量的、高异构性的数据资源也使得研究人员无从下手。如何高效选择和有效利用这些资源, 成为生态学家和保护生物学家面临的一大挑战。针对现有的生物多样性数据零散分布的现状, 本文将这些数据从物种分布、编目、系统发育与生活史性状4个方面进行整理, 分别选取一些代表性的数据库如: 全球生物多样性信息网络(GBIF)、世界植物种名录(The Plant List)、Open Tree of Life、植物性状数据库(TRY), 对其数据类型、采集方式、范围、获取方式等进行描述, 并对相关研究成果进行简要介绍。在各部分中, 针对我国生物多样性数字平台的构建等方面的工作与成果, 我们也进行了简要描述。通过这些数据资源的整理, 希望为研究人员了解和使用这些数据库提供桥梁和纽带, 能够进一步促进国内研究人员对这些数据库的有效利用, 并通过科研人员与公众等的参与, 促进数据共享平台的构建与完善, 进一步推动生物多样性的研究和保护领域的发展。

关键词: 生物多样性信息学, 宏生态学, 物种编目, 系统发育, 功能性状, 数据共享

Abstract

Species distribution, catalogues, phylogeny, and life history traits are the data basis of biodiversity studies, playing critical roles in understanding species origins, evolution, and conservation biodiversity. Recently, a large number of scientific data-sharing platforms have been created, greatly contributing to the development of biodiversity informatics. However, it is difficult for most researchers to deal with big data with high complexity and heterogeneity. Determining how to select and utilize these data accurately and effectively becomes a huge challenge for ecologists and conservation biologists. To better deal with existing problems related to scattered distributed data, we classify biodiversity data resources into four groups (species distribution, catalogues, phylogeny and life history traits), and select representative databases (e.g. Global Biodiversity Information Facility, The Plant List, Open Tree of Life, and The Plant Trait Database (TRY) for demonstration. For each database, data type, and sampling design, geographic coverage and data availability are reported, and selected publications using these datasets are briefly introduced. Meanwhile, we describe recent achievements on the construction of China’s biodiversity digital platforms in each section. Overall, we hope that this paper provides a starting point for researchers to be familiar with these databases and use them correctly, and could have the potential to stimulate the development of related fields in research and conservation of biodiversity under the efforts of researchers and the public.

Key words: biodiversity informatics, marcoecology, species catalogue, phylogeny, functional trait, data sharing