生物多样性 ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (6): 805-814.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.10173

所属专题: 中国的海洋生物多样性

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

DNA条形码及其在海洋浮游动物生态学研究中的应用

李超伦1,*(), 王敏晓1, 程方平1,2, 孙松1,3   

  1. 1 (中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室, 青岛 266071)
    2 (中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049)
    3 (中国科学院胶州湾海洋生态系统国家野外研究站, 青岛 266071)
  • 收稿日期:2011-09-30 接受日期:2011-11-16 出版日期:2011-11-20 发布日期:2011-12-19
  • 通讯作者: 李超伦
  • 作者简介:*E-mail: lcl@qdio.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究(973)发展计划(2011CB403604);国家科技支撑计划(2008BAC42B01);国家自然科学基金(41106133);海洋公益性行业专项经费项目(200805042)

DNA barcoding and its application to marine zooplankton ecology

Chaolun Li1,*(), Minxiao Wang1, Fangping Cheng1,2, Song Sun1,3   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071
    2 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
    3 Jiaozhou Bay Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071
  • Received:2011-09-30 Accepted:2011-11-16 Online:2011-11-20 Published:2011-12-19
  • Contact: Chaolun Li

摘要:

浮游动物的准确鉴定是浮游动物生态学研究的基础。传统的基于形态特征的鉴定不仅费时费力, 而且部分类群特别是浮游幼体由于形态差异细微, 鉴定存在困难, 导致物种多样性被低估。DNA条形码(DNA barcodes)技术为浮游动物物种鉴定提供了一个有力工具, 已迅速应用于海洋浮游动物生态学研究。本文介绍了DNA条形码的基本概念、优势及局限性, 总结了该技术(主要是基于线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶第一亚基(mtCOI)基因序列片段的DNA条形码)在海洋浮游动物物种快速鉴定、隐种发现、营养关系研究、生物入侵种监测、群落历史演变反演、种群遗传学以及生物地理学中的成功应用。随着DNA条形码数据库信息量覆盖率的不断提高和新一代测序技术的快速发展, DNA条形码将提供除了种类鉴定外更加丰富的信息, 从而帮助人们更好地理解海洋浮游动物的多样性及其在生态系统中的功能, 推动海洋浮游动物生态学的发展。

关键词: DNA条形码, 线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶第一亚基基因, 物种鉴定, 浮游动物生态学

Abstract

As the main components of marine biota, zooplankton play vital roles in the marine biodiversity, trophic relationships and ecosystem dynamics. However, morphological identification of zooplankton is time-consuming and even impossible for some taxa, especially for pelagic larvae. Diversity of marine zooplankton is believed to be underestimated. DNA Barcodes (short DNA sequences for species recognition and discrimination) provide powerful tools for rapid species identification and are quickly applied in marine zooplankton ecological researches. Here we give a general introduction on the concept, advantages, and limitations of DNA barcoding. We review the multiple applications of DNA barcodes (mainly focused on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) gene) in the marine zooplankton ecological researches, which include rapid species identification, cryptic species reveal, trophic relationship analysis, invasive species monitoring, historical range expansion, population genetic and biogeographic analysis. We anticipate that DNA barcoding techniques will be increasingly used by marine ecologists. With the DNA barcode reference libraries completing and new high-throughput tools such as next generation sequencing developing, DNA barcoding will provides more information that, not only for species identification and discovery, but also help to improve our understanding of zooplankton biodiversity and their functions in marine ecosystems.

Key words: DNA barcoding, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI)gene, species identification, marine zooplankton ecology