生物多样性 ›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (5): 667-676.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2014.14069

• 生物编目 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国外来入侵植物的等级划分与地理分布格局分析

闫小玲1, 刘全儒2, 寿海洋1, 曾宪锋3, 张勇4, 陈丽5, 刘演6, 马海英7, 齐淑艳8, 马金双1,*()   

  1. 1 中国科学院上海辰山植物科学研究中心/上海辰山植物园, 上海 201602
    2 北京师范大学生命科学学院, 北京 100875
    3 韩山师范学院生物学系, 广东潮州 521041
    4 河西学院农业与生物技术学院, 甘肃张掖 734000
    5 中国科学院武汉植物园资源植物研究中心, 武汉 430074
    6 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所植物标本馆, 广西桂林 541006
    7 云南大学生命科学学院, 昆明 650091
    8 沈阳大学生命科学与工程学院, 沈阳 110044
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-04 接受日期:2014-07-15 出版日期:2014-09-20 发布日期:2014-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 马金双
  • 基金资助:
    上海市绿化与市容管理局辰山专项 (G1024011)

The categorization and analysis on the geographic distribution patterns of Chinese alien invasive plants

Xiaoling Yan1, Quanru Liu2, Haiyang Shou1, Xianfeng Zeng3, Yong Zhang4, Li Chen5, Yan Liu6, Haiying Ma7, Shuyan Qi8, Jinshuang Ma1,*()   

  1. 1 Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602
    2 College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875
    3 Department of Biology, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, Guangdong 521041
    4 College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hexi University, Zhangye, Gansu 734000
    5 Plant Germplasm Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074
    6 Herbarium of Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541006
    7 School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091
    8 College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044
  • Received:2014-04-04 Accepted:2014-07-15 Online:2014-09-20 Published:2014-10-09
  • Contact: Ma Jinshuang

摘要:

基于文献报道、野外调查、标本记录和必要的分类学考证, 整理出我国外来入侵植物72科285属515种。根据外来入侵种的生物学与生态学特性、自然地理分布、入侵范围以及所产生的危害, 将其划分为5类: 即恶性入侵类(34种)、严重入侵类(69种)、局部入侵类(85种)、一般入侵类(80种)和有待观察类(247种)。通过地理分布格局分析, 中国外来入侵植物主要分布在我国西南及东部沿海地区, 并进一步扩散到内陆各省。中国外来入侵等级划分和地理分布格局可以作为外来入侵植物风险防范和管理的依据。本工作提供我国外来入侵植物的本底资料的同时, 还对主要外来入侵植物的管理提出了具体建议。

关键词: 外来入侵植物, 分类, 等级, 中国, 地理分布格局, 管理

Abstract

We used the literature, field investigations, specimen records and taxonomic research to categorize 515 alien invasive plant species from 72 families and 285 genera reported from China according to their biological and ecological characters, extent of spread within China, and amount of damage caused. Each species was put into one of 5 categories: malignant invasion (34 species), serious invasion (69 species), local invasion (85 species), general invasion (80 species), and species requiring further observation (247 species). According to our analyses of geographic distributional patterns, Chinese alien invasive plants were highly concentrated in the southwestern and eastern coastal provinces of China, and were rapidly spreading to inland China. These categories and distributional patterns of alien invasive plants could help to assess and control their invasive risk. Our results provide baseline information on Chinese alien invasive plants; and, at the same time, we put forward preliminary suggestions for further study, public education and the management of the important alien invasive plants in China.

Key words: alien invasive plant, classification, grade, China, geographic distribution pattern, management