生物多样性 ›› 1998, Vol. 06 ›› Issue (2): 92-98.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.1998014

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

准噶尔盆地啮齿动物群落多样性与物种变化的分析

张大铭,艾尼瓦尔,姜涛,蹇友里   

  1. (新疆大学生物系,  乌鲁木齐 830046)
  • 收稿日期:1997-01-07 修回日期:1997-05-28 出版日期:1998-05-20 发布日期:1998-05-20

Analysis of the rodent community diversity and species variation in the Junggar Basin

ZHANG Da-Ming, Aniwar, JIANG Tao, JIAN You-Li   

  1. Department of Biology , Xinjiang University , Urumqi  830046
  • Received:1997-01-07 Revised:1997-05-28 Online:1998-05-20 Published:1998-05-20

摘要: 对准噶尔盆地的抽样调查,经聚类分析,该地区的鼠类可划分为4种群落:(1)以灰仓鼠(Cricetulus migratourius)+小家鼠(Mus musculus)为主的农田鼠类群落;(2)以红尾沙鼠(Meriones erythrourus)+灰仓鼠为主的砾石荒漠鼠类群落;(3)以褐家鼠(Rattus norvegicus)+小家鼠为主的城镇居民点鼠类群落;(4)以子午沙鼠(M.meridianus)+三趾跳鼠(Dipus sagitta)为主的梭梭荒漠鼠类群落。其群落多样性指数以群落(4)为最高(1.671),群落(3)最低(0.979)。随着人类经济活动的增长,荒漠被大量开垦为农田,以及新兴市镇的涌现,使得原来以沙鼠属(Meriones)和跳鼠科(Dipodidae)为主要成分的荒漠鼠类群落逐渐被喜潮湿的灰仓鼠和小家鼠所替代,有些地区还出现了以褐家鼠为主的新格局。

关键词: 夏腊梅, 等位酶, 遗传多样性, 自然保护区, 保护生物学

AbstractAccording to the results of sampling and cluster analysis , the rodent community in the J unggar Basin can be divided into four types : 1) farmland community dominated by Cricetulus migratorius and Mus musculus ; 2) saxideserta community dominated by Meriones erythrourus and C. migratorius ; 3) residential area community dominated by Rattus norvegiens and Mus musculus ; 4) haloxylon eremic community dominated by Dipus sagitta and Meriones meridianus. The community 4 has the highest species diversity (1. 670) , and 3 has the lowest (0. 979) . In pace with the human economic activities , the desert community dominated by jird and jerboa will be replaced by the damp community dominated by M. musculus and C. migratourius. The new community pattern is that R. norvegicus will play an important role in some urban areas.

Key words: Sinocalycanthus chinensis, allozyme, genetic diversity, natural reserve, conservation biology