Macrofungal diversity in different vegetation types of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park

doi:10.17520/biods.2022110

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: To reveal macrofungal diversity and how different vegetation types affect the fungal community, an inventory of macrofungal diversity was carried out in seven management units within the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park during the wet seasons (June to September) in 2020 and 2021.
Method: Macrofungi were identified based on both morphology and analyses of ITS rDNA sequence data. A total of 562 fungal species belonging to 17 orders, 64 families, and 174 genera were identified from 1869 samples which were collected from 58 transects (ca. 1 km each).
Results: The most common fungal orders were Agaricales, Boletales, Russulales, Polyporales, Cantharellales, Hymenochaetales and Xylariales, accounting for 80% of species in this study. Saprophytic and symbiotic fungi were the most common functional groups, comprising 48.2% and 44.8% of fungal species respectively. Species richness and abundance per transect were the highest (richness: 28 ± 5 and abundance: 33 ± 6) in mountain rainforest and the lowest in forest plantation (11 ± 1 and 11 ± 2). Effects of vegetation type on diversity index, species richness and abundance varied with trophic mode of fungi. Specifically, vegetation type showed significant effect on species richness (P = 0.026), abundance (P = 0.019) and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (P = 0.028) of symbiotic fungi, but not on saprophytic fungi. Multiple response permutation procedure (MRPP) showed that saprophytic (P = 0.004) and symbiotic (P = 0.041) fungal species compositions were significantly different among forest types. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that vegetation types explained only a small portion of variances in species composition of saprophytic (R² = 0.067, P = 0.004) and symbiotic (R² = 0.068, P = 0.004) fungal communities. Elevation showed weak effects on saprophytic fungal community (R²= 0.029, P = 0.001), while this effect on symbiotic fungal community was not significant (R²= 0.024, P = 0.072). Compositional differences among protected lands were significant for both symbiotic (R²= 0.148, P = 0.001) and saprophytic (R² = 0.123, P = 0.002) fungal communities. Interaction network of transect-fungus showed that mountain Rainforests of Jianfengling, Bawangling, and Wuzhishan Nature reserves were characterized by highly diverse symbiotic fungal diversity.
Conclusion: The Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park hosts highly diverse saprophytic and symbiotic macrofungi. The effects of vegetation types on diversity of fungi vary depending on trophic mode of fungi. Mountain rainforests of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park should be treated as conservation priority areas of symbiotic fungi and their host plant.

Key words: national park, macrofungi, saprotroph, symbiotroph, tropical mountain rainforest, plantation forest

Guohua Li, Xiangyang Guo, Linming Li, Mingxun Ren, Ling Wan, Qiong Ding, Juanling Li. Macrofungal diversity in different vegetation types of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(7): 22110.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2022110

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2022/V30/I7/22110

Figures/Tables 6

References 65

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		样带数 No. of transects	物种数 No. of species	物种数估值 Estimate no. of species (Chao1-Jack1)	共有/独有种 Shared/ Unshared species	每样带物种数 No. of species per transect (mean ± SE)	每样带多样性指数 Diversity index per transect	腐生型比例 Proportion of saprotroph (%)	共生型比例 Proportion of symbiotroph (%)	其他 Others (%)
植被类型Vegetation types	山地雨林 Mountain rainforest	12	260	339-872	101/159	28 ± 5	3.0 ± 0.3	40.4	54.6	5.0
	低地雨林 Lowland rainforest	27	290	371-661	117/173	16 ± 2	2.4 ± 0.2	49.8	45.7	4.5
	低地雨林次生林 Secondary lowland rainforest	11	129	169-587	69/60	15 ± 3	2.4 ± 0.3	61.3	30.9	7.7
	人工林 Plantation forest	8	69	90-476	39/30	11 ± 1	2.3 ± 0.1	82.2	12.2	5.6
保护地Protected land	尖峰岭 Jianfengling Mountain	15	207	271-776	99/108	18 ± 4	2.5 ± 0.2	49.5	44.0	6.5
	霸王岭 Bawangling Mountain	7	167	215-522	87/80	30 ± 5	3.3 ± 0.2	43.7	52.8	3.5
	五指山 Wuzhi Mountain	6	127	166-650	60/67	25 ± 7	2.8 ± 0.4	50.0	46.2	3.8
	吊罗山 Diaoluo Mountain	8	98	127-306	46/52	14 ± 3	2.5 ± 0.2	73.2	18.8	8.0
	鹦哥岭 Yinggeling Mountain	4	88	113-316	47/41	25 ± 6	3.0 ± 0.4	48.3	48.3	3.4
	黎母山 Limu Mountain	12	73	95-357	46/27	8 ± 2	1.8 ± 0.2	44.7	48.2	7.1
	毛瑞 Maorui Forest Plantation	5	55	71-202	29/26	13 ± 3	2.5 ± 0.2	68.9	25.7	5.4
	全域 Whole areas	58	562	713-1,185	-	17 ± 2	2.5 ± 0.1	50.9	43.8	5.3

		样带数 No. of transects	物种数 No. of species	物种数估值 Estimate no. of species (Chao1-Jack1)	共有/独有种 Shared/ Unshared species	每样带物种数 No. of species per transect (mean ± SE)	每样带多样性指数 Diversity index per transect	腐生型比例 Proportion of saprotroph (%)	共生型比例 Proportion of symbiotroph (%)	其他 Others (%)
植被类型Vegetation types	山地雨林 Mountain rainforest	12	260	339-872	101/159	28 ± 5	3.0 ± 0.3	40.4	54.6	5.0
	低地雨林 Lowland rainforest	27	290	371-661	117/173	16 ± 2	2.4 ± 0.2	49.8	45.7	4.5
	低地雨林次生林 Secondary lowland rainforest	11	129	169-587	69/60	15 ± 3	2.4 ± 0.3	61.3	30.9	7.7
	人工林 Plantation forest	8	69	90-476	39/30	11 ± 1	2.3 ± 0.1	82.2	12.2	5.6
保护地Protected land	尖峰岭 Jianfengling Mountain	15	207	271-776	99/108	18 ± 4	2.5 ± 0.2	49.5	44.0	6.5
	霸王岭 Bawangling Mountain	7	167	215-522	87/80	30 ± 5	3.3 ± 0.2	43.7	52.8	3.5
	五指山 Wuzhi Mountain	6	127	166-650	60/67	25 ± 7	2.8 ± 0.4	50.0	46.2	3.8
	吊罗山 Diaoluo Mountain	8	98	127-306	46/52	14 ± 3	2.5 ± 0.2	73.2	18.8	8.0
	鹦哥岭 Yinggeling Mountain	4	88	113-316	47/41	25 ± 6	3.0 ± 0.4	48.3	48.3	3.4
	黎母山 Limu Mountain	12	73	95-357	46/27	8 ± 2	1.8 ± 0.2	44.7	48.2	7.1
	毛瑞 Maorui Forest Plantation	5	55	71-202	29/26	13 ± 3	2.5 ± 0.2	68.9	25.7	5.4
	全域 Whole areas	58	562	713-1,185	-	17 ± 2	2.5 ± 0.1	50.9	43.8	5.3