Biodiv Sci ›› 2024, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 23101. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023101
• Original Papers: Biosafety and Nature Conservation • Previous Articles Next Articles
Yun Geng1,4, Yiyi Kou2,4, Xinzhuo Fan3,4, Shuyao Xu4, Li Cong4,*(), Yujun Zhang4
Received:
2023-04-03
Accepted:
2023-11-07
Online:
2024-01-20
Published:
2024-02-07
Contact:
*E-mail: congli1980@163.com
Yun Geng, Yiyi Kou, Xinzhuo Fan, Shuyao Xu, Li Cong, Yujun Zhang. Research on natural education demand of Giant Panda National Park based on Kano model[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2024, 32(1): 23101.
题项 Item | 选项 Option | 占比 Proportion (%) |
---|---|---|
性别 Gender | 男 Male | 45.5 |
女 Female | 54.5 | |
年龄 Age | 18岁以下 Under 18 years old | 0.7 |
18-25岁 18-25 years old | 53.5 | |
26-30岁 26-30 years old | 18.0 | |
31-40岁 31-40 years old | 21.1 | |
41-50岁 41-50 years old | 5.4 | |
51-60岁 51-60 years old | 1.3 | |
60岁以上 Over 60 years old | 0 | |
月收入 Monthly income | 3,000元以下 Below 3,000 yuan | 48.1 |
3,000-6,000元 3,000-6,000 yuan | 11.5 | |
6,001-10,000元 6,001-10,000 yuan | 22.6 | |
10,001-20,000元 10,001-20,000 yuan | 14.8 | |
20,000元以上 Over 20,000 yuan | 3.0 | |
学历 Educational background | 初中及以下 Junior high school and below | 0.5 |
高中或中专 High school or vocational school | 2.4 | |
大专 Junior college | 7.9 | |
本科 Undergraduate course | 82.5 | |
研究生及以上 Graduate or above | 6.7 |
Table 1 Demographic characteristics
题项 Item | 选项 Option | 占比 Proportion (%) |
---|---|---|
性别 Gender | 男 Male | 45.5 |
女 Female | 54.5 | |
年龄 Age | 18岁以下 Under 18 years old | 0.7 |
18-25岁 18-25 years old | 53.5 | |
26-30岁 26-30 years old | 18.0 | |
31-40岁 31-40 years old | 21.1 | |
41-50岁 41-50 years old | 5.4 | |
51-60岁 51-60 years old | 1.3 | |
60岁以上 Over 60 years old | 0 | |
月收入 Monthly income | 3,000元以下 Below 3,000 yuan | 48.1 |
3,000-6,000元 3,000-6,000 yuan | 11.5 | |
6,001-10,000元 6,001-10,000 yuan | 22.6 | |
10,001-20,000元 10,001-20,000 yuan | 14.8 | |
20,000元以上 Over 20,000 yuan | 3.0 | |
学历 Educational background | 初中及以下 Junior high school and below | 0.5 |
高中或中专 High school or vocational school | 2.4 | |
大专 Junior college | 7.9 | |
本科 Undergraduate course | 82.5 | |
研究生及以上 Graduate or above | 6.7 |
功能需求 Functional requirements | 均值 Mean | 方差 Variance | 因子载荷 Factor loading | A | O | M | I | R | CSI | CDSI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
知识获取 Knowledge acquisition | ||||||||||
1 生态系统知识 Ecosystem knowledge | 3.16 | 43.55 | 0.52 | 238 | 97 | 72 | 151 | 5 | 0.60 | -0.30 |
2 野生动物物种知识 Knowledge of wildlife species | 3.14 | 5.14 | 0.45 | 218 | 136 | 70 | 133 | 4 | 0.64 | -0.37 |
3 野生动物保护相关法律知识 Legal knowledge related to wildlife protection | 3.12 | 3.73 | 0.56 | 147 | 171 | 105 | 141 | 3 | 0.56 | -0.49 |
4 熊猫谷森林公园历史知识 Historical knowledge of Panda Valley Forest Park | 3.08 | 3.30 | 0.48 | 200 | 136 | 57 | 165 | 7 | 0.60 | -0.35 |
5 熊猫谷森林公园功能的知识 Knowledge of the functions of Panda Valley Forest Park | 3.13 | 2.62 | 0.71 | 202 | 120 | 75 | 167 | 3 | 0.57 | -0.35 |
6 感受熊猫谷对游客行为的管理 Experience the management of tourist behavior in panda valley | 3.10 | 2.43 | 0.64 | 117 | 137 | 96 | 205 | 7 | 0.46 | -0.42 |
7 大熊猫的生理知识 Physiological knowledge of giant pandas | 3.06 | 2.38 | 0.62 | 190 | 157 | 60 | 155 | 3 | 0.62 | -0.39 |
8 大熊猫行为知识 Knowledge of giant panda behavior | 3.23 | 2.19 | 0.51 | 194 | 164 | 55 | 146 | 6 | 0.64 | -0.39 |
9 大熊猫的生态学知识 Ecological knowledge of giant pandas | 3.26 | 2.13 | 0.46 | 184 | 151 | 54 | 169 | 5 | 0.60 | -0.37 |
10 大熊猫的保护知识 Protection knowledge of giant pandas | 3.07 | 2.06 | 0.51 | 129 | 252 | 82 | 97 | 6 | 0.68 | -0.60 |
11 以大熊猫为对象的旅游活动知识 Knowledge of tourism activities targeting giant pandas | 3.15 | 1.98 | 0.51 | 244 | 172 | 33 | 110 | 8 | 0.74 | -0.37 |
意识改变或影响 Consciousness change or influence | ||||||||||
12 主动学习意识 Consciousness of active learning | 2.98 | 1.90 | 0.70 | 196 | 133 | 49 | 182 | 6 | 0.59 | -0.33 |
13 解说系统使用意识 Explanation system usage awareness | 3.21 | 1.77 | 0.46 | 183 | 134 | 76 | 170 | 6 | 0.56 | -0.37 |
14 咨询解答疑惑的意识 Awareness of consulting and answering questions | 3.08 | 1.71 | 0.63 | 171 | 161 | 97 | 134 | 7 | 0.59 | -0.46 |
15 自我反省意识 Awareness of reflecting on oneself | 3.19 | 1.67 | 0.72 | 164 | 125 | 70 | 207 | 4 | 0.51 | -0.34 |
16 环境可持续发展忧患意识 Awareness of environmental sustainability | 3.20 | 1.63 | 0.48 | 135 | 222 | 91 | 112 | 7 | 0.64 | -0.56 |
17 国家公园管理不当忧患意识 Inappropriate management of national parks and awareness of crisis | 3.16 | 1.57 | 0.46 | 126 | 207 | 111 | 115 | 8 | 0.60 | -0.57 |
技能提升 Skill improvement | ||||||||||
18 选择对环境干扰最少的游览路径 Selecting the tour path with the least interference to the environment | 3.27 | 1.53 | 0.57 | 187 | 182 | 70 | 120 | 7 | 0.66 | -0.45 |
19 处理自产垃圾的技能 Skills for handling self-produced waste | 3.18 | 1.49 | 0.60 | 123 | 245 | 96 | 95 | 5 | 0.66 | -0.61 |
20 对野生生物的物种识别能力 Ability to identify species of wildlife | 3.11 | 1.48 | 0.49 | 210 | 166 | 54 | 134 | 2 | 0.67 | -0.39 |
21 保护自己免受伤害的技能 Skills to protect yourself from harm | 3.28 | 1.39 | 0.63 | 122 | 255 | 105 | 78 | 4 | 0.67 | -0.64 |
22 减少自身行为对野生动植物的干扰 Reduce the interference of behavior to wild animals and plants | 2.97 | 1.30 | 0.52 | 151 | 220 | 80 | 111 | 4 | 0.66 | -0.53 |
23 鉴赏和感悟生态美的能力 Ability to appreciate and appreciate ecological beauty | 3.15 | 1.27 | 0.49 | 226 | 150 | 36 | 153 | 2 | 0.67 | -0.33 |
行为(意向)改变 Behavior (intention) change | ||||||||||
24 不随地乱扔垃圾的习惯 Habit of not littering | 3.20 | 1.23 | 0.50 | 72 | 296 | 130 | 63 | 5 | 0.65 | -0.76 |
25 主动捡起他人随地丢弃的垃圾的习惯 Actively picking up garbage that others have thrown away | 3.12 | 1.15 | 0.62 | 146 | 167 | 86 | 164 | 6 | 0.56 | -0.45 |
26 劝阻他人危害野生动物及环境的行为 Dissuade others from endangering wildlife and the environment | 4.07 | 1.12 | 0.39 | 111 | 238 | 103 | 113 | 4 | 0.62 | -0.60 |
27 主动帮助日常生活中需要帮助的小动物 Actively help small animals in need in daily life | 3.15 | 1.11 | 0.50 | 185 | 194 | 67 | 115 | 7 | 0.68 | -0.47 |
28 为野生动物及环境保护出谋划策 Provide suggestions for wildlife and environmental protection | 3.24 | 1.01 | 0.53 | 214 | 141 | 51 | 152 | 8 | 0.64 | -0.34 |
29 践行低碳生活的习惯 Practice the habit of low-carbon life | 3.19 | 0.95 | 0.41 | 146 | 229 | 79 | 112 | 3 | 0.66 | -0.54 |
30 积极参与环保主题的活动, 宣传环保的生活理念 Actively participate in activities and promote the concept of environmental protection in daily life | 2.89 | 0.83 | 0.75 | 170 | 186 | 73 | 137 | 3 | 0.63 | -0.46 |
31 参与以保护为前提的生态旅游 Participate in ecotourism with protection as a prerequisite | 3.83 | 0.86 | 0.6 | 190 | 195 | 56 | 125 | 5 | 0.68 | -0.44 |
32 关注有关野生动物保护的知识的习惯 Habit of paying attention to knowledge about wildlife conservation | 3.82 | 0.77 | 0.67 | 135 | 151 | 59 | 118 | 13 | 0.64 | -0.44 |
33 为野生动物保护项目捐款的习惯 Habit of donating money for wildlife conservation projects | 3.66 | 0.73 | 0.5 | 133 | 96 | 54 | 182 | 12 | 0.53 | -0.28 |
Table 2 Factor analysis, classification and score of satisfaction coefficient of natural educational function requirements in Giant Panda National Park. A, Attractive quality; O, One-dimensional quality; M, Must-be quality; I, Indifferent quality; R, Reverse quality. The functional requirement corresponding to the bold value is the final classification of functional requirement.
功能需求 Functional requirements | 均值 Mean | 方差 Variance | 因子载荷 Factor loading | A | O | M | I | R | CSI | CDSI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
知识获取 Knowledge acquisition | ||||||||||
1 生态系统知识 Ecosystem knowledge | 3.16 | 43.55 | 0.52 | 238 | 97 | 72 | 151 | 5 | 0.60 | -0.30 |
2 野生动物物种知识 Knowledge of wildlife species | 3.14 | 5.14 | 0.45 | 218 | 136 | 70 | 133 | 4 | 0.64 | -0.37 |
3 野生动物保护相关法律知识 Legal knowledge related to wildlife protection | 3.12 | 3.73 | 0.56 | 147 | 171 | 105 | 141 | 3 | 0.56 | -0.49 |
4 熊猫谷森林公园历史知识 Historical knowledge of Panda Valley Forest Park | 3.08 | 3.30 | 0.48 | 200 | 136 | 57 | 165 | 7 | 0.60 | -0.35 |
5 熊猫谷森林公园功能的知识 Knowledge of the functions of Panda Valley Forest Park | 3.13 | 2.62 | 0.71 | 202 | 120 | 75 | 167 | 3 | 0.57 | -0.35 |
6 感受熊猫谷对游客行为的管理 Experience the management of tourist behavior in panda valley | 3.10 | 2.43 | 0.64 | 117 | 137 | 96 | 205 | 7 | 0.46 | -0.42 |
7 大熊猫的生理知识 Physiological knowledge of giant pandas | 3.06 | 2.38 | 0.62 | 190 | 157 | 60 | 155 | 3 | 0.62 | -0.39 |
8 大熊猫行为知识 Knowledge of giant panda behavior | 3.23 | 2.19 | 0.51 | 194 | 164 | 55 | 146 | 6 | 0.64 | -0.39 |
9 大熊猫的生态学知识 Ecological knowledge of giant pandas | 3.26 | 2.13 | 0.46 | 184 | 151 | 54 | 169 | 5 | 0.60 | -0.37 |
10 大熊猫的保护知识 Protection knowledge of giant pandas | 3.07 | 2.06 | 0.51 | 129 | 252 | 82 | 97 | 6 | 0.68 | -0.60 |
11 以大熊猫为对象的旅游活动知识 Knowledge of tourism activities targeting giant pandas | 3.15 | 1.98 | 0.51 | 244 | 172 | 33 | 110 | 8 | 0.74 | -0.37 |
意识改变或影响 Consciousness change or influence | ||||||||||
12 主动学习意识 Consciousness of active learning | 2.98 | 1.90 | 0.70 | 196 | 133 | 49 | 182 | 6 | 0.59 | -0.33 |
13 解说系统使用意识 Explanation system usage awareness | 3.21 | 1.77 | 0.46 | 183 | 134 | 76 | 170 | 6 | 0.56 | -0.37 |
14 咨询解答疑惑的意识 Awareness of consulting and answering questions | 3.08 | 1.71 | 0.63 | 171 | 161 | 97 | 134 | 7 | 0.59 | -0.46 |
15 自我反省意识 Awareness of reflecting on oneself | 3.19 | 1.67 | 0.72 | 164 | 125 | 70 | 207 | 4 | 0.51 | -0.34 |
16 环境可持续发展忧患意识 Awareness of environmental sustainability | 3.20 | 1.63 | 0.48 | 135 | 222 | 91 | 112 | 7 | 0.64 | -0.56 |
17 国家公园管理不当忧患意识 Inappropriate management of national parks and awareness of crisis | 3.16 | 1.57 | 0.46 | 126 | 207 | 111 | 115 | 8 | 0.60 | -0.57 |
技能提升 Skill improvement | ||||||||||
18 选择对环境干扰最少的游览路径 Selecting the tour path with the least interference to the environment | 3.27 | 1.53 | 0.57 | 187 | 182 | 70 | 120 | 7 | 0.66 | -0.45 |
19 处理自产垃圾的技能 Skills for handling self-produced waste | 3.18 | 1.49 | 0.60 | 123 | 245 | 96 | 95 | 5 | 0.66 | -0.61 |
20 对野生生物的物种识别能力 Ability to identify species of wildlife | 3.11 | 1.48 | 0.49 | 210 | 166 | 54 | 134 | 2 | 0.67 | -0.39 |
21 保护自己免受伤害的技能 Skills to protect yourself from harm | 3.28 | 1.39 | 0.63 | 122 | 255 | 105 | 78 | 4 | 0.67 | -0.64 |
22 减少自身行为对野生动植物的干扰 Reduce the interference of behavior to wild animals and plants | 2.97 | 1.30 | 0.52 | 151 | 220 | 80 | 111 | 4 | 0.66 | -0.53 |
23 鉴赏和感悟生态美的能力 Ability to appreciate and appreciate ecological beauty | 3.15 | 1.27 | 0.49 | 226 | 150 | 36 | 153 | 2 | 0.67 | -0.33 |
行为(意向)改变 Behavior (intention) change | ||||||||||
24 不随地乱扔垃圾的习惯 Habit of not littering | 3.20 | 1.23 | 0.50 | 72 | 296 | 130 | 63 | 5 | 0.65 | -0.76 |
25 主动捡起他人随地丢弃的垃圾的习惯 Actively picking up garbage that others have thrown away | 3.12 | 1.15 | 0.62 | 146 | 167 | 86 | 164 | 6 | 0.56 | -0.45 |
26 劝阻他人危害野生动物及环境的行为 Dissuade others from endangering wildlife and the environment | 4.07 | 1.12 | 0.39 | 111 | 238 | 103 | 113 | 4 | 0.62 | -0.60 |
27 主动帮助日常生活中需要帮助的小动物 Actively help small animals in need in daily life | 3.15 | 1.11 | 0.50 | 185 | 194 | 67 | 115 | 7 | 0.68 | -0.47 |
28 为野生动物及环境保护出谋划策 Provide suggestions for wildlife and environmental protection | 3.24 | 1.01 | 0.53 | 214 | 141 | 51 | 152 | 8 | 0.64 | -0.34 |
29 践行低碳生活的习惯 Practice the habit of low-carbon life | 3.19 | 0.95 | 0.41 | 146 | 229 | 79 | 112 | 3 | 0.66 | -0.54 |
30 积极参与环保主题的活动, 宣传环保的生活理念 Actively participate in activities and promote the concept of environmental protection in daily life | 2.89 | 0.83 | 0.75 | 170 | 186 | 73 | 137 | 3 | 0.63 | -0.46 |
31 参与以保护为前提的生态旅游 Participate in ecotourism with protection as a prerequisite | 3.83 | 0.86 | 0.6 | 190 | 195 | 56 | 125 | 5 | 0.68 | -0.44 |
32 关注有关野生动物保护的知识的习惯 Habit of paying attention to knowledge about wildlife conservation | 3.82 | 0.77 | 0.67 | 135 | 151 | 59 | 118 | 13 | 0.64 | -0.44 |
33 为野生动物保护项目捐款的习惯 Habit of donating money for wildlife conservation projects | 3.66 | 0.73 | 0.5 | 133 | 96 | 54 | 182 | 12 | 0.53 | -0.28 |
功能需求维度 Functional requirements dimension | A | O | M | I | R | 类别 Classification | CSI | CDSI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
知识获取 Knowledge acquisition | 2,063 | 1,693 | 759 | 1,639 | 57 | A | 0.61 | -0.40 |
意识改变或影响 Consciousness change or influence | 975 | 982 | 494 | 920 | 38 | O | 0.58 | -0.44 |
技能提升 Skill improvement | 1,019 | 1,218 | 441 | 691 | 24 | O | 0.66 | -0.49 |
行为(意向)改变 Behavior (intention) change | 1,595 | 1,940 | 756 | 1,339 | 56 | O | 0.63 | -0.48 |
Table 3 Classification and score of satisfaction coefficient of educational function requirement dimension in Giant Panda National Park
功能需求维度 Functional requirements dimension | A | O | M | I | R | 类别 Classification | CSI | CDSI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
知识获取 Knowledge acquisition | 2,063 | 1,693 | 759 | 1,639 | 57 | A | 0.61 | -0.40 |
意识改变或影响 Consciousness change or influence | 975 | 982 | 494 | 920 | 38 | O | 0.58 | -0.44 |
技能提升 Skill improvement | 1,019 | 1,218 | 441 | 691 | 24 | O | 0.66 | -0.49 |
行为(意向)改变 Behavior (intention) change | 1,595 | 1,940 | 756 | 1,339 | 56 | O | 0.63 | -0.48 |
象限 Quadrant | 功能需求维度 Functional requirements dimension | 数量 Quantity | 功能需求Functional requirements |
---|---|---|---|
I 期望型需求One-dimensional quality | 知识获取 Knowledge acquisition | 4 | 2、7、8、11 |
技能提升 Skill improvement | 3 | 18、20、23 | |
行为(意向)改变 Behavior (intention) change | 3 | 28、31、32 | |
II 魅力型需求 Attractive quality | 知识获取 Knowledge acquisition | 1 | 10 |
意识改变或影响 Consciousness change or influence | 1 | 16 | |
技能提升 Skill improvement | 3 | 19、21、22 | |
行为(意向)改变 Behavior (intention) change | 6 | 24、25、26、27、29、30 | |
III 无差异型需求Indifferent quality | 知识获取 Knowledge acquisition | 1 | 3 |
意识改变或影响 Consciousness change or influence | 2 | 14、17 | |
IV 必备型需求 Must-be quality | 知识获取 Knowledge acquisition | 5 | 1、4、5、6、9 |
意识改变或影响 Consciousness change or influence | 3 | 12、13、15 | |
行为(意向)改变 Behavior (intention) change | 1 | 33 |
Table 4 Distribution of educational functions of Giant Panda National Parks under customer satisfaction coefficient
象限 Quadrant | 功能需求维度 Functional requirements dimension | 数量 Quantity | 功能需求Functional requirements |
---|---|---|---|
I 期望型需求One-dimensional quality | 知识获取 Knowledge acquisition | 4 | 2、7、8、11 |
技能提升 Skill improvement | 3 | 18、20、23 | |
行为(意向)改变 Behavior (intention) change | 3 | 28、31、32 | |
II 魅力型需求 Attractive quality | 知识获取 Knowledge acquisition | 1 | 10 |
意识改变或影响 Consciousness change or influence | 1 | 16 | |
技能提升 Skill improvement | 3 | 19、21、22 | |
行为(意向)改变 Behavior (intention) change | 6 | 24、25、26、27、29、30 | |
III 无差异型需求Indifferent quality | 知识获取 Knowledge acquisition | 1 | 3 |
意识改变或影响 Consciousness change or influence | 2 | 14、17 | |
IV 必备型需求 Must-be quality | 知识获取 Knowledge acquisition | 5 | 1、4、5、6、9 |
意识改变或影响 Consciousness change or influence | 3 | 12、13、15 | |
行为(意向)改变 Behavior (intention) change | 1 | 33 |
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