Biodiv Sci ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (7): 22110.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022110

• Original Papers: Microbial Diversity • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Macrofungal diversity in different vegetation types of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park

Guohua Li1, Xiangyang Guo1, Linming Li2, Mingxun Ren1,3, Ling Wan1, Qiong Ding1,3,*(), Juanling Li1,*()   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou 570228
    2. School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228
    3. College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228
  • Received:2022-03-14 Accepted:2022-06-10 Online:2022-07-20 Published:2022-07-07
  • Contact: Qiong Ding,Juanling Li

Abstract:

Aims: To reveal macrofungal diversity and how different vegetation types affect the fungal community, an inventory of macrofungal diversity was carried out in seven management units within the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park during the wet seasons (June to September) in 2020 and 2021.
Method: Macrofungi were identified based on both morphology and analyses of ITS rDNA sequence data. A total of 562 fungal species belonging to 17 orders, 64 families, and 174 genera were identified from 1869 samples which were collected from 58 transects (ca. 1 km each).
Results: The most common fungal orders were Agaricales, Boletales, Russulales, Polyporales, Cantharellales, Hymenochaetales and Xylariales, accounting for 80% of species in this study. Saprophytic and symbiotic fungi were the most common functional groups, comprising 48.2% and 44.8% of fungal species respectively. Species richness and abundance per transect were the highest (richness: 28 ± 5 and abundance: 33 ± 6) in mountain rainforest and the lowest in forest plantation (11 ± 1 and 11 ± 2). Effects of vegetation type on diversity index, species richness and abundance varied with trophic mode of fungi. Specifically, vegetation type showed significant effect on species richness (P = 0.026), abundance (P = 0.019) and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (P = 0.028) of symbiotic fungi, but not on saprophytic fungi. Multiple response permutation procedure (MRPP) showed that saprophytic (P = 0.004) and symbiotic (P = 0.041) fungal species compositions were significantly different among forest types. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that vegetation types explained only a small portion of variances in species composition of saprophytic (R2 = 0.067, P = 0.004) and symbiotic (R2 = 0.068, P = 0.004) fungal communities. Elevation showed weak effects on saprophytic fungal community (R2 = 0.029, P = 0.001), while this effect on symbiotic fungal community was not significant (R2 = 0.024, P = 0.072). Compositional differences among protected lands were significant for both symbiotic (R2 = 0.148, P = 0.001) and saprophytic (R2 = 0.123, P = 0.002) fungal communities. Interaction network of transect-fungus showed that mountain Rainforests of Jianfengling, Bawangling, and Wuzhishan Nature reserves were characterized by highly diverse symbiotic fungal diversity.
Conclusion: The Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park hosts highly diverse saprophytic and symbiotic macrofungi. The effects of vegetation types on diversity of fungi vary depending on trophic mode of fungi. Mountain rainforests of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park should be treated as conservation priority areas of symbiotic fungi and their host plant.

Key words: national park, macrofungi, saprotroph, symbiotroph, tropical mountain rainforest, plantation forest