Population structure of Cycas hainanensis and its relationship with forest canopy density

doi:10.17520/biods.2021150

Abstract

Abstract:

Aim Cycas hainanensis, an ancient species of Cycas, is a top priority plant species in China and is also classified as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List. We aim to study the relationship between population structure and forest canopy density of C. hainanensis in the Baomeiling Provincial Nature Reserve of Changjiang County, Hainan Province.
Methods After an investigation of the C. hainanensis population and its community by utilizing the sample survey, we analyzed community characteristics including structure and species diversity, and population characteristics such as age structure, survival curve, spatial patterns, and population density. We also studied the relationship between C. hainanensis and forest canopy density.
Results The vertical structure of the community of C. hainanensis was divided into two tree layers, shrub layer and herb layer. The species diversity index of the community was high and the community species composition was rich. The distribution of C. hainanensiswas uneven in all quadrats and formed clusters in the undergrowth as well as the forest edge at an elevation of 500 m. The population dynamics belonged to growth type, and the population renewal ability is strong. The population survival curve of C. hainanensistended to the Deevey-II type. The population mortality increased with age, which indicated that the population of C. hainanensis was in a state of stable growth. The population viability decreased with the growth and development of individual specimens. The spatial distribution pattern of C. hainanensis population conformed to clumped distribution, and the degree of aggregation was positively correlated with an increase of forest canopy density. A curve estimation demonstrates that the density of C. hainanensisseedlings and saplings increased significantly in the study area where forest canopy density was 36.11%-58.33%.
Conclusions In conclusion, the C. hainanensispopulation in the Baomeiling Provincal Nature Preserve of Changjiang County is in a stable growth state and preferred to grow in a forest environment with an elevation of approximately 500 m and forest canopy density of 35%-60%.

Key words: Cycas hainanensis, community structure, population structure, survival curve, distribution pattern

Erhuan Wu, Donghai Li, Xiaobo Yang, Yongling Zuo, Long Li, Peichun Zhang, Lin Chen, Lujia Tian, Chendi Li. Population structure of Cycas hainanensis and its relationship with forest canopy density[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(11): 1461-1469.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2021150

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2021/V29/I11/1461

Figures/Tables 7

References 29

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样方 Quadrat	经度 Longitude	纬度 Latitude	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡度 Slope	森林郁闭度 Forest canopy density
A	109°6′ E	19°16′ N	517.3	10.0°	0.64
B	109°6′ E	19°16′ N	519.1	12.2°	0.51
C	109°5′ E	19°16′ N	512.3	14.4°	0.47
D	109°6′ E	19°16′ N	510.2	14.4°	0.29
E	109°5′ E	19°16′ N	504.8	10.0°	0.59
F	109°6′ E	19°16′ N	503.6	13.8°	0.59

样方 Quadrat	经度 Longitude	纬度 Latitude	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡度 Slope	森林郁闭度 Forest canopy density
A	109°6′ E	19°16′ N	517.3	10.0°	0.64
B	109°6′ E	19°16′ N	519.1	12.2°	0.51
C	109°5′ E	19°16′ N	512.3	14.4°	0.47
D	109°6′ E	19°16′ N	510.2	14.4°	0.29
E	109°5′ E	19°16′ N	504.8	10.0°	0.59
F	109°6′ E	19°16′ N	503.6	13.8°	0.59

层次 Layer	物种 Species	多度 Abundance	频度 Frequency
乔木层 Tree	枝花李榄 Linociera ramiflora	0.006	0.27
	黄牛木 Cratoxylum cochinchinense	0.027	0.82
	破布叶 Microcos paniculata	0.015	0.55
	厚皮树 Lannea coromandelica	0.012	0.60
	细基丸 Polyalthia cerasoides	0.010	0.53
	岭南山竹子 Garcinia oblongifolia	0.017	0.37
	牛矢果 Osmanthus matsumuranus	0.012	0.45
	粉背琼楠 Beilschmiedia glauca	0.013	0.50
	枫香 Liquidambar formosana	0.001	0.13
	乌墨 Syzygium cumini	0.001	0.12
	翻白叶 Pterospermum heterophyllum	0.002	0.13
	马占相思 Acacia mangium	0.002	0.10
	香合欢 Albizia odoratissima	0.001	0.13
	倒吊笔 Wrightia pubescens	0.007	0.38
灌木层 Shrub	海南苏铁 Cycas hainanensis	0.140	0.97
	银柴 Aporosa dioica	0.026	0.83
	猪肚木 Canthium horridum	0.028	0.77
	山石榴 Catunaregam spinosa	0.016	0.60
	粉背琼楠 Beilschmiedia glauca	0.008	0.38
	潺槁木姜子 Litsea glutinosa	0.009	0.35
	九节 Psychotria asiatica	0.012	0.58
	海金沙 Lygodium japonicum	0.00067	0.033
草本层 Herb	草豆蔻 Alpinia hainanensis	0.00017	0.033

层次 Layer	物种 Species	多度 Abundance	频度 Frequency
乔木层 Tree	枝花李榄 Linociera ramiflora	0.006	0.27
	黄牛木 Cratoxylum cochinchinense	0.027	0.82
	破布叶 Microcos paniculata	0.015	0.55
	厚皮树 Lannea coromandelica	0.012	0.60
	细基丸 Polyalthia cerasoides	0.010	0.53
	岭南山竹子 Garcinia oblongifolia	0.017	0.37
	牛矢果 Osmanthus matsumuranus	0.012	0.45
	粉背琼楠 Beilschmiedia glauca	0.013	0.50
	枫香 Liquidambar formosana	0.001	0.13
	乌墨 Syzygium cumini	0.001	0.12
	翻白叶 Pterospermum heterophyllum	0.002	0.13
	马占相思 Acacia mangium	0.002	0.10
	香合欢 Albizia odoratissima	0.001	0.13
	倒吊笔 Wrightia pubescens	0.007	0.38
灌木层 Shrub	海南苏铁 Cycas hainanensis	0.140	0.97
	银柴 Aporosa dioica	0.026	0.83
	猪肚木 Canthium horridum	0.028	0.77
	山石榴 Catunaregam spinosa	0.016	0.60
	粉背琼楠 Beilschmiedia glauca	0.008	0.38
	潺槁木姜子 Litsea glutinosa	0.009	0.35
	九节 Psychotria asiatica	0.012	0.58
	海金沙 Lygodium japonicum	0.00067	0.033
草本层 Herb	草豆蔻 Alpinia hainanensis	0.00017	0.033

样方 Quadrat	Simpson多样性指数 Simpson’s diversity index	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon diversity index	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index	物种丰富度 Species richness
A	0.949	3.410	0.811	9.699
B	0.951	3.360	0.831	8.252
C	0.947	3.310	0.841	7.383
D	0.960	3.610	0.865	9.410
E	0.949	3.400	0.841	8.252
F	0.952	3.500	0.823	10.133