Biodiv Sci ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 517-530.DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020301
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Pengfeng Wu1, Shuyan Cui1, Abid Ali1,2, Guo Zheng1,*()
Received:
2020-07-27
Accepted:
2020-11-05
Online:
2021-04-20
Published:
2021-04-20
Contact:
Guo Zheng
About author:
* E-mail: zhengguo@synu.edu.cnPengfeng Wu, Shuyan Cui, Abid Ali, Guo Zheng. Advances in spider ballooning research[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(4): 517-530.
主要内容 Main contents | 关于内容的描述 Description on contents | 参考文献 References |
---|---|---|
飞航的意义 Significance of ballooning | 蜘蛛扩散 Dispersal of spiders | Bristowe, |
飞航蜘蛛的多样性 Diversity of ballooning-spiders | 飞航蜘蛛组成及差异性 Composition and difference of spiders by ballooning | Greenstone, |
飞航过程和影响因素 Ballooning course and influencing factors | 栖息地因子、气象因子、大气电场 Habitat factors, meteorological factors, and atmospheric electric field | Richter, |
飞航机制解析 Analysis about spider ballooning | 模型、机制 Model and mechanism | Humphrey, |
Table 1 Main contents involved in the study of spider ballooning at present
主要内容 Main contents | 关于内容的描述 Description on contents | 参考文献 References |
---|---|---|
飞航的意义 Significance of ballooning | 蜘蛛扩散 Dispersal of spiders | Bristowe, |
飞航蜘蛛的多样性 Diversity of ballooning-spiders | 飞航蜘蛛组成及差异性 Composition and difference of spiders by ballooning | Greenstone, |
飞航过程和影响因素 Ballooning course and influencing factors | 栖息地因子、气象因子、大气电场 Habitat factors, meteorological factors, and atmospheric electric field | Richter, |
飞航机制解析 Analysis about spider ballooning | 模型、机制 Model and mechanism | Humphrey, |
科名 Family | 种名 Species | 研究区域 Study area | 时间段 Time period | 参考文献 References | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
漏斗蛛科 Agelenidae | - | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | |
近管蛛科 Anyphaenidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
园蛛科 Araneidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
Argiope bruennichi | 德国哈勒(室内实验) Halle, Germany (laboratory experiments) | - | Walter et al, | ||
A. trifasciataandA. aurantia | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 4-5月 Apr. to May | Tolbert, | ||
Nephila pilipes | 新加坡乌敏岛(室内实验) Pulau Ubin, Singapore (laboratory experiments) | - | Lee et al, | ||
地蛛科 Atypidae | Sphodrosspp. | 美国北卡罗来纳州 North Carolina, USA | 3月 Mar. | Coyle, | |
管巢蛛科 Clubionidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
圆颚蛛科 Corinnidae | - | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | |
螲蟷蛛科 Ctenizidae | Ummidiaspp. | 美国北卡罗来纳州 North Carolina, USA | 4月 Apr. | Coyle, | |
卷叶蛛科 Dictynidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
石蛛科 Dysderidae | - | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | |
隆头蛛科 Eresidae | Stegodyphus mimosarum | 南非纳塔尔省 Natal, South Africa | 11月 Nov. | Wickler & Seibt, | |
S. dumicola | 纳米比亚温得和克 Windhoek, Namibia | 1月 Jan. | Schneider et al, | ||
平腹蛛科 Gnaphosidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
栅蛛科 Hahniidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
科名 Family | 种名 Species | 研究区域 Study location | 时间段 Time period | 参考文献 References | |
皿蛛科 Linyphiidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
Erigone atra | (室内实验) (laboratory experiments) | - | Bonte et al, | ||
光盔蛛科 Liocranidae | - | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier & Fürst, | |
狼蛛科 Lycosidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
Pardosa amentata,P. lugubris,P. monticola,P. nigriceps,P. palustris,P. prativaga,P. pullata, andP. purbeckensis | 荷兰(室内实验) The Netherlands (laboratory experiments) | - | Richter, | ||
P. ramulosaandP. tuoba | 美国旧金山 (室内实验) San Francisco, USA (laboratory experiments) | - | Greenstone, | ||
Allocosa senex, A. marindia andSchizocosa malitiosa | 乌拉圭卡内洛内斯Canelones, Uruguay | 3-4月 Mar. to Apr. | Postiglioni et al, | ||
拟态蛛科 Mimetidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
米图蛛科 Miturgidae | - | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | |
蜜蛛科 Mysmenidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
类球蛛科 Nesticidae | - | 中国岫岩Xiuyan, China | 5-9月 May to Sept. | 郑国等, | |
猫蛛科 Oxyopidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
逍遥蛛科 Philodromidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
盗蛛科 Pisauridae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
跳蛛科 Salticidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
肖蛸蛛科 Tetragnathidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
球蛛科 Theridiidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
蟹蛛科 Thomisidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
Xysticus spp. | 德国 (室内实验) Germany (laboratory experiments) | - | Cho et al, | ||
妩蛛科 Uloboridae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, |
Table 2 Known spider groups with ballooning behavior at present
科名 Family | 种名 Species | 研究区域 Study area | 时间段 Time period | 参考文献 References | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
漏斗蛛科 Agelenidae | - | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | |
近管蛛科 Anyphaenidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
园蛛科 Araneidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
Argiope bruennichi | 德国哈勒(室内实验) Halle, Germany (laboratory experiments) | - | Walter et al, | ||
A. trifasciataandA. aurantia | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 4-5月 Apr. to May | Tolbert, | ||
Nephila pilipes | 新加坡乌敏岛(室内实验) Pulau Ubin, Singapore (laboratory experiments) | - | Lee et al, | ||
地蛛科 Atypidae | Sphodrosspp. | 美国北卡罗来纳州 North Carolina, USA | 3月 Mar. | Coyle, | |
管巢蛛科 Clubionidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
圆颚蛛科 Corinnidae | - | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | |
螲蟷蛛科 Ctenizidae | Ummidiaspp. | 美国北卡罗来纳州 North Carolina, USA | 4月 Apr. | Coyle, | |
卷叶蛛科 Dictynidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
石蛛科 Dysderidae | - | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | |
隆头蛛科 Eresidae | Stegodyphus mimosarum | 南非纳塔尔省 Natal, South Africa | 11月 Nov. | Wickler & Seibt, | |
S. dumicola | 纳米比亚温得和克 Windhoek, Namibia | 1月 Jan. | Schneider et al, | ||
平腹蛛科 Gnaphosidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
栅蛛科 Hahniidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
科名 Family | 种名 Species | 研究区域 Study location | 时间段 Time period | 参考文献 References | |
皿蛛科 Linyphiidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
Erigone atra | (室内实验) (laboratory experiments) | - | Bonte et al, | ||
光盔蛛科 Liocranidae | - | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier & Fürst, | |
狼蛛科 Lycosidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
Pardosa amentata,P. lugubris,P. monticola,P. nigriceps,P. palustris,P. prativaga,P. pullata, andP. purbeckensis | 荷兰(室内实验) The Netherlands (laboratory experiments) | - | Richter, | ||
P. ramulosaandP. tuoba | 美国旧金山 (室内实验) San Francisco, USA (laboratory experiments) | - | Greenstone, | ||
Allocosa senex, A. marindia andSchizocosa malitiosa | 乌拉圭卡内洛内斯Canelones, Uruguay | 3-4月 Mar. to Apr. | Postiglioni et al, | ||
拟态蛛科 Mimetidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
米图蛛科 Miturgidae | - | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | |
蜜蛛科 Mysmenidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
类球蛛科 Nesticidae | - | 中国岫岩Xiuyan, China | 5-9月 May to Sept. | 郑国等, | |
猫蛛科 Oxyopidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
逍遥蛛科 Philodromidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
盗蛛科 Pisauridae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
跳蛛科 Salticidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
肖蛸蛛科 Tetragnathidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
球蛛科 Theridiidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
蟹蛛科 Thomisidae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, | |
- | 美国田纳西州 Tennessee, USA | 9-10月 Sept. to Oct. | Bishop, | ||
- | 瑞士沃州 Canton de Vaud, Switzerland | 全年 The whole year | Blandenier, | ||
Xysticus spp. | 德国 (室内实验) Germany (laboratory experiments) | - | Cho et al, | ||
妩蛛科 Uloboridae | - | 美国德克萨斯州 Texas, USA | 全年 The whole year | Dean & Sterling, |
Fig. 2 Two ways of pre-ballooning of spiders (modified from Cho et al, 2018). a, Tiptoe; b, Dragline. Red and blue threads represent spider silk. The red ones are mainly related to the fixed function of spider and the blue ones take part in the course of ballooning.
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