Spatiotemporal patterns and influencing factors of wintering waterbird diversity in the mainstream of Huaihe River

doi:10.17520/biods.2024590

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: In recent years, the mainstream of the Huaihe River experiences frequent human disturbances, and the diversity of overwintering waterbird communities is influenced by multiple impacts. Analyzing these influencing factors is critical for optimizing habitat configurations.

Methods: From October 2023 to March 2024, monthly data were conducted across four habitat types (farmland, flat, woodland, grassland) along the mainstream of the Huaihe River, total of 6 investigations. Waterbird observations and associated habitat factors were collected. The spatiotemporal characteristics of waterbird diversity were analyzed from the perspectives of α and β diversity. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and multiple regression models (MRM) were employed to identify key habitat factors influencing waterbird diversity.

Results: The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was highest in the grassland, while the Pielou evenness index peaked in woodland. Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson diversity index, and Pielou evenness index reached their maximum value in October. CCA analysis indicated that flow of people/ships, distance to roads, topographic wetness index (TWI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), slope and water area significantly affected waterbird α diversity. MRM results revealed that flow of people/ships, distance to roads, TWI, NDVI, and river width were the key habitat factors influencing river waterbird β diversity. Additionally, decomposition of overall β diversity and its components showed that species turnover was the dominant component.

Conclusion: The study highlights that waterbird community structure varies across different habitat types. It is worth noting that efforts to optimize riverine wetland patterns should be emphasized, and targeted habitat creation and conservation strategies should be implemented based on the needs of species and functional groups.

Key words: community diversity, wintering waterbird, habitat factors, canonical correspondence analysis, multiple regression model, mainstream of Huaihe River

Yu Li, Lizhi Zhou. Spatiotemporal patterns and influencing factors of wintering waterbird diversity in the mainstream of Huaihe River[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2025, 33(8): 24590.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2024590

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2025/V33/I8/24590

Figures/Tables 10

References 37

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生境 Habitat	调查到的物种数 Recorded species richness	ACE指数 Abundance-based coverage estimator index	Bootstrap指数 Bootstrap index	实际值/估计值 Actual value/estimated value (%)
草滩 Grassland	35	35.94	37.71	92.81
泥滩 Flat	28	30.01	31.53	88.80
农田 Farmland	29	29.71	31.68	91.54
林地 Woodland	27	27.00	29.86	90.42

生境 Habitat	调查到的物种数 Recorded species richness	ACE指数 Abundance-based coverage estimator index	Bootstrap指数 Bootstrap index	实际值/估计值 Actual value/estimated value (%)
草滩 Grassland	35	35.94	37.71	92.81
泥滩 Flat	28	30.01	31.53	88.80
农田 Farmland	29	29.71	31.68	91.54
林地 Woodland	27	27.00	29.86	90.42

目 Order	科 Family	种 Species	物种数占比 Proportion of species number (%)
雁形目 Anseriformes	1	16	43.24
䴙䴘目 Podicipediformes	1	2	5.41
鹤形目 Gruiformes	1	2	5.41
鹳形目 Ciconiiformes	1	1	2.70
鹈形目 Pelecaniformes	2	6	16.22
鲣鸟目 Suliformes	1	1	2.70
鸻形目 Charadriiformes	3	9	24.32
总计 Total	10	37	100.00

目 Order	科 Family	种 Species	物种数占比 Proportion of species number (%)
雁形目 Anseriformes	1	16	43.24
䴙䴘目 Podicipediformes	1	2	5.41
鹤形目 Gruiformes	1	2	5.41
鹳形目 Ciconiiformes	1	1	2.70
鹈形目 Pelecaniformes	2	6	16.22
鲣鸟目 Suliformes	1	1	2.70
鸻形目 Charadriiformes	3	9	24.32
总计 Total	10	37	100.00

多样性指数 Diversity index	10月 October	11月 November	12月 December	1月 January	2月 February	3月 March	χ²	df	P
多度 Abundance	110.05 ± 27.52^a	300.62 ± 64.68^b	118.55 ± 39.36^ab	161.50 ± 43.70^ab	165.67 ± 48.33^ab	429.13 ± 123.09^ab	26.80	5	< 0.05
Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index	0.81 ± 0.02^a	0.69 ± 0.03^b	0.70 ± 0.02^b	0.80 ± 0.02^a	0.78 ± 0.03^a	0.77 ± 0.03^a	18.21	5	< 0.05
丰富度 Richness	4.12 ± 0.15	5.15 ± 0.27	4.80 ± 0.30	4.70 ± 0.22	4.57 ± 0.03	4.87 ± 0.35	-	-	-
Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index	1.08 ± 0.04	1.00 ± 0.05	0.99 ± 0.03	1.05 ± 0.04	1.02 ± 0.04	1.04 ± 0.05	-	-	-
Simpson多样性指数 Simpson diversity index	0.60 ± 0.02	0.53 ± 0.02	0.55 ± 0.02	0.58 ± 0.02	0.56 ± 0.02	0.56 ± 0.02	-	-	-