Progress, achievements and prospects of biodiversity protection in Yunnan Province

doi:10.17520/biods.2020082

Abstract

Abstract:

Background & Aim: The 15th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (COP15) will take place in Kunming, Yunnan Province in 2021. The conference will assess the implementation and progress of the Strategic Plan for Biological Diversity 2011-2020. Once review is complete, the conference participants will produce the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, which will become a contemporary document to guide the global conservation of biological diversity after 2020. This conference represents a milestone in the international process of biodiversity conservation and provides an important opportunity for Yunnan to demonstrate its practice and achievements in recent years.
Review Results: Yunnan is the most biodiverse province in China, and it is therefore a key area of global biodiversity significance. Yunnan has also put great effort into biodiversity conservation, including the following achievements: the provincial Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (2012-2030) was one of the first issued in the country; became the first province to enact local legislation on biodiversity conservation; took the lead in the construction of national parks; carried out the evaluation of inventory of county-level biodiversity; and established the first national wildlife germplasm resource bank. Additional significant achievements have been made in in situ conservation, ex situ conservation, and major ecological protection projects.
Perspectives: To provide basic information for biodiversity conservation in Yunnan, and local implementation examples for COP15, we will assess the progress of biodiversity conservation of Yunnan, evaluate the conservation effects, consider future development directions, and explore the significance of biodiversity in Yunnan. What’s more, we point out that the conservation and sustainable use of agricultural biodiversity in Yunnan, the demonstration role of cross-border biodiversity conservation and poverty reduction, and the coordinated development of biodiversity conservation and traditional knowledge protection of ethnic minorities are important directions for the future development of biodiversity conservation in Yunnan Province.

Key words: Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), progress, achievements, biodiversity conservation, traditional knowledge, Yunnan Province

Chunhui Liu, Jingbiao Yang, Lun Yin. Progress, achievements and prospects of biodiversity protection in Yunnan Province[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(2): 200-211.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2020082

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2021/V29/I2/200

Figures/Tables 4

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类群 Category		云南省种数^①Species in Yunnan^①	中国种数^② Species in China^②	占比 Proportion (%)
脊椎动物 Vertebrate	哺乳类 Mammals	313	673	46.5
	鸟类 Birds	945	1,372	68.9
	两栖类 Amphibians	189	408	46.3
	爬行类 Reptiles	209	461	45.3
	鱼类 Fish	617	1,443	42.8
	总计 Total	2,273	4,357	52.2
高等植物 Higher plant	被子植物 Angiosperm	15,969	29,716	53.7
	裸子植物 Gymnosperm	127	227	55.9
	蕨类植物 Pteridophyte	1,363	2,124	64.2
	苔藓植物 Bryophyte	1,906	3,045	62.6
	总计 Total	19,365	35,112	55.2

类群 Category		云南省种数^①Species in Yunnan^①	中国种数^② Species in China^②	占比 Proportion (%)
脊椎动物 Vertebrate	哺乳类 Mammals	313	673	46.5
	鸟类 Birds	945	1,372	68.9
	两栖类 Amphibians	189	408	46.3
	爬行类 Reptiles	209	461	45.3
	鱼类 Fish	617	1,443	42.8
	总计 Total	2,273	4,357	52.2
高等植物 Higher plant	被子植物 Angiosperm	15,969	29,716	53.7
	裸子植物 Gymnosperm	127	227	55.9
	蕨类植物 Pteridophyte	1,363	2,124	64.2
	苔藓植物 Bryophyte	1,906	3,045	62.6
	总计 Total	19,365	35,112	55.2

类群 Biological group		Ⅰ级保护 First class protected species	Ⅱ级保护 Second class protected species
野生植物 Wild plants	裸子植物 Gymnosperm	28	12
	被子植物 Angiosperm	14	72
	大型真菌 Macrofungi	-	2
	蕨类植物 Pteridophyte	3	22
	总计 Total	45	108
脊椎动物Vertebrates	鱼类 Fish	2	4
	两栖、爬行类 Amphibians and Reptiles	3	9
	鸟类 Birds	26	145
	哺乳类 Mammals	29	24
	总计 Total	60	182

类群 Biological group		Ⅰ级保护 First class protected species	Ⅱ级保护 Second class protected species
野生植物 Wild plants	裸子植物 Gymnosperm	28	12
	被子植物 Angiosperm	14	72
	大型真菌 Macrofungi	-	2
	蕨类植物 Pteridophyte	3	22
	总计 Total	45	108
脊椎动物Vertebrates	鱼类 Fish	2	4
	两栖、爬行类 Amphibians and Reptiles	3	9
	鸟类 Birds	26	145
	哺乳类 Mammals	29	24
	总计 Total	60	182

类别 Category	主要保护类型 Protection type	合计 Total		国家级 National level		省级 Provincial level		州市级 City level		县区级 County level
类别 Category	主要保护类型 Protection type	数量 Number (%)	面积 Area (ha)(%)	数量 Number	面积 Area (ha)	数量 Number	面积 Area (ha)	数量 Number	面积 Area (ha)	数量 Number	面积 Area (ha)
自然生态系统 Natural ecosystems	森林生态系统 Forest ecosystem	111 (68.9)	2,525,859 (88.3)	16	1,346,861	22	599,961	39	371,380	34	207,656
自然生态系统 Natural ecosystems	内陆湿地 Inland wetlands	12 (7.5)	141,528 (4.9)	1	79,700	5	47,525	2	1,200	4	13,103
野生生物 Wildlife	野生动物 Wild animal	19 (11.8)	104,675 (3.7)	4	83,133	4	12,218	9	8,099	2	1,224
野生生物 Wildlife	野生植物 Wild plants	10 (6.2)	70,174 (2.5)	0	0	4	15,771	2	50,202	4	4,200
自然遗迹 Natural sites	地质遗迹 Geological relic	7 (4.3)	15,315 (0.5)	0	0	2	5,290	3	3,292	2	6,733
自然遗迹 Natural sites	古生物遗迹 Paleontological remains	2 (1.2)	2,800 (0.1)	0	0	1	1,800	1	1,000	0	0
合计 Total		161	2,860,351	21	1,509,695	38	682,565	56	435,173	46	232,916