Distribution of forest floor lichen communities in the mountainous area of southern Urumqi, Xinjiang, China

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.07039

Abstract

Abstract:

Forest floor lichens are sensitive to variations in habitat conditions. To understand the distributional patterns of forest floor lichen communities and how habitat factors relate to dominant lichen species composition and diversity, we sampled 240 plots (50 cm×50 cm) in the mountainous area of southern Urumqi, Xinjiang, China. We detected 17 species in total, belonging to 10 genera and 5 families. Cluster analysis and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) showed that plots clustered into four groups: (1) aCladonia pyxidata+ Cladonia cariosa+ Cladonia chlorophaea community, including seven species with a total coverage of 19.7%; (2) a Solorina bispora+ Cladonia cariosa+ Cladonia scabriuscula community, including 11 species with a total coverage of 21.1%; (3) a Cetraria nivalis+ Cladonia pyxidata community, including three species with a total coverage of 8.1%; and (4) a Peltigera rufescens+ P. polydactylacommunity, including seven species with the total coverage of 23.83%. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that the species composition and diversity of floor lichens were most strongly influenced by altitude, then forest canopy density and humidity; the distribution patterns of lichen communities were apparently influenced by human disturbance. Variation in lichen communities among different elevations was related to light availability at ground level.

Key words: floor lichen, species diversity, environmental factor analysis, Xinjiang

Tumur Anwar, Abdulla Adiljan, Abbas Abdulla. Distribution of forest floor lichen communities in the mountainous area of southern Urumqi, Xinjiang, China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2011, 19(5): 574-580.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.07039

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2011/V19/I5/574

Figures/Tables 7

References 27

[1]	Abbas A (阿不都拉·阿巴斯), Wu JN (吴继农) (1998) Lichens of Xinjiang (新疆地衣). Xinjiang Science, Technology and Hygiene Publishing House, Urumqi. (in Chinese)
[2]	Cao T (曹同), Guo SL (郭水良) (2000) A study on bryophytes diversity in the main ecosystems in Changbai Mountain. Chinese Biodiversity (生物多样性), 8,50-59. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]	Cao T (曹同), Chen Y (陈怡), Yu J (于晶), Song GY (宋国元) (2004) Distribution patterns of moss species in Shanghai City. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 15,1785-1791. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]	Dulamsuren C, Hauck M, Mühlenberg M (2005a) Vegetation at the taiga forest-steppe borderline in the western Khentey Mountains, northern Mongolia. Annales Botanici Fennici, 42,411-426.
[5]	Dulamsuren C, Hauck M, Mühlenberg M (2005b) Ground vegetation in the Mongolian taiga forest-steppe ecotone does not offer evidence for the human origin of grasslands. Applied Vegetation Sciences, 8,149-154.
[6]	Eldridge DJ (1996) Distribution and floristics of terricolous lichens in soil crusts in arid and semi-arid New South Wales, Australia. Australia Journal of Botany, 44,581-599.
[7]	Eldridge DJ, Tozer ME (1997) Environmental factors relating to the distribution of terricolous bryophytes and lichens semi-arid eastern Australia. The Bryologist, 100,28-39.
[8]	Eldridge DJ (2001) Biological soil crusts of Australia. In: Biological Soil Crusts: Structure, Function and Management(eds Belnap J, Lange OL). Ecological Studies, 150,119-131.
[9]	Johansson P (2008) Consequences of disturbance on epiphytic lichens in boreal and near boreal forests. Biological Conservation, 141,1933-1944.
[10]	Loppi S, Boscagli A,De Dominicis V (2004) Ecology of soil lichens from Pliocene clay badlands of central Italy in relation to geomorphology and vascular vegetation. Catena, 55,1-15.
[11]	Luo GY (罗光裕) (1984) Preliminary study on the lichen species distribution and their ecological characteristics on Dailing Liangshui Forest Farm. Journal of North Eastern Forestry Institute (东北林学院学报), 12(Suppl.),84-88. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]	Mason EH (1983) The Biology of Lichens, 3rd edn. Edward Arnold Publishers, London.
[13]	Pielou EC (1975) Ecological Diversity. John Wiley and Sons Publishers, New York.
[14]	Rogers RW (1977) Lichens of hot arid and semi-arid lands. In: Lichen Ecology (ed. Seaward MRD), pp.211-252. Academic Press, London.
[15]	Rosentreter R, Belnap J (2001) Biological soil crusts of North America. In:Biological Soil Crusts: Structure, Function and Management(eds Belnap J, Lange OL). Ecological Studies 150,31-50.
[16]	Tumur A (艾尼瓦尔·吐米尔) Abbas A (阿不都拉·阿巴斯) Mamut R (热衣木江·马木提)(2003) Preliminary study on the lichen community structure in forest ecosystem of western Tianshan Mountains. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 27,810-815. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[17]	Tumur A (艾尼瓦尔·吐米尔) Abdulla A (阿地里江·阿不都拉) Abbas A (阿不都拉·阿巴斯)(2005) Numerical classification and species diversity of corticolous lichen communities in forest ecosystems of the Tianshan Mountains. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 29,615-622. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]	Tumur A (艾尼瓦尔·吐米尔) Abbas A (阿不都拉·阿巴斯) (2006a) A preliminary study of community characteristics of corticolous lichen in forest ecosystem in Eastern Altay Mts. Acta Botanica Yunnanica (云南植物研究), 28,415-420. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]	Tumur A (艾尼瓦尔·吐米尔) Abbas A (阿不都拉·阿巴斯) (2006b) Floor lichen diversity under different vegetation types in Two-river Source Nature Reserve in Altay Mountains, Xinjiang. Biodiversity Science (生物多样性), 14,444-450. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[20]	Tumur A (艾尼瓦尔·吐米尔) Mamut R (热衣木江·马木提) Abbas A (阿不都拉·阿巴斯)(2009a) Study of the corticolous lichens communities structure in forest ecosystem in southern mountains of Urumqi. Chinese Bulletin of Botany (植物学报), 44,578-586. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[21]	Tumur A (艾尼瓦尔·吐米尔) Abbas A (阿不都拉·阿巴斯)(2009b) Saxicolous lichen community structure and characteristics in mountainous area of southern Urumqi. Mycosystema (菌物学报), 28,178-188. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[22]	Wang BC (王伯荪) (1987) Plant Community Ecology (植物群落学). Higher Education Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[23]	Whittaker RH (1972) Evolution and measurement of species diversity. Taxon, 21,213-251.
[24]	Yang HX (阳含熙), Lu ZY (卢泽愚) (1981) Methodology of Quantitative Taxonomy in Plant Ecology (植物生态学的数量分类方法). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[25]	Zedda L, Gröngröft A, Schultz M, Petersen A, Mills A, Rambold G (2011) Distribution patterns of soil lichens across the principal biomes of southern Africa. Journal of Arid Environments, 75,215-220.
[26]	Zhang YM (张元明), Cao T (曹同), Pan BR (潘伯荣) (2002) Quantitative classification and ordination analysis on bryophyte vegetation in Bogda Mountain, Xinjiang. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (植物生态学报), 26,10-16. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[27]	Zhang JT (张金屯) (1995) Methodology of Vegetation Quantitative Ecology (植被数量生态学方法). Chinese Science and Technology Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)

目名和科名 Order and family	属 Genus	物种 Species
茶渍目 Lecanorales
石蕊科 Cladoniaceae	鹿蕊属 Cladina 石蕊属 Cladonia	1 雀鹿蕊 Cladina stellaris 2 腐石蕊 Cladonia cariosa 3 喇叭粉石蕊 C. chlorophaea 4 喇叭石蕊 C. pyxidata 5 粗皮石蕊 C. scabriuscula
	平茶渍属 Aspicilia	6 窝点平茶渍 Aspicilia lacunosa
膜衣科 Hymeneliaceae	岛衣属 Cetraria	7 雪岛衣 Cetraria nivalis
梅衣科 Parmeliacea	黄梅属 Xanthoparmelia	8 旱黄梅 Xanthoparmelia camtschadalis
蜈蚣衣科 Physciaceae	大孢蜈蚣衣属 Physconia	9 甘肃大孢蜈蚣衣 Physconia kansuensis
地卷目 Peltigerales
地卷科 Peltigeraceae	地卷属 Peltigera	10 犬地卷 Peltigera canina 11 平盘软地卷 P. elisabethae 12 多指地卷 P. polydactyla 13 裂芽地卷 P. praetextata 14 地卷 P. rufescens
不完全地衣类 Lichenes imperfecti	散盘衣属 Solorina 白角衣属 Siphula 地茶属 Thamnolia	15 双孢散盘衣 Solorina bispora 16 翅白角衣 Siphula pteruloides 17 雪地茶 Thamnolia subuliformis

目名和科名 Order and family	属 Genus	物种 Species
茶渍目 Lecanorales
石蕊科 Cladoniaceae	鹿蕊属 Cladina 石蕊属 Cladonia	1 雀鹿蕊 Cladina stellaris 2 腐石蕊 Cladonia cariosa 3 喇叭粉石蕊 C. chlorophaea 4 喇叭石蕊 C. pyxidata 5 粗皮石蕊 C. scabriuscula
	平茶渍属 Aspicilia	6 窝点平茶渍 Aspicilia lacunosa
膜衣科 Hymeneliaceae	岛衣属 Cetraria	7 雪岛衣 Cetraria nivalis
梅衣科 Parmeliacea	黄梅属 Xanthoparmelia	8 旱黄梅 Xanthoparmelia camtschadalis
蜈蚣衣科 Physciaceae	大孢蜈蚣衣属 Physconia	9 甘肃大孢蜈蚣衣 Physconia kansuensis
地卷目 Peltigerales
地卷科 Peltigeraceae	地卷属 Peltigera	10 犬地卷 Peltigera canina 11 平盘软地卷 P. elisabethae 12 多指地卷 P. polydactyla 13 裂芽地卷 P. praetextata 14 地卷 P. rufescens
不完全地衣类 Lichenes imperfecti	散盘衣属 Solorina 白角衣属 Siphula 地茶属 Thamnolia	15 双孢散盘衣 Solorina bispora 16 翅白角衣 Siphula pteruloides 17 雪地茶 Thamnolia subuliformis

样点 Sites	物种丰富度 Richness	Shannon-Weiner指数 Shannon-Weiner diversity index	Pielou指数 Pielou eveness index
1	6	1.54	0.86
2	6	1.66	0.93
3	7	1.77	0.91
4	7	1.60	0.82
5	7	1.74	0.89
6	6	1.32	0.74
7	8	1.88	0.90
8	9	1.92	0.87
9	8	1.29	0.62
10	8	1.76	0.84
11	6	1.36	0.76
12	5	1.02	0.64
13	4	1.22	0.88
14	3	0.43	0.39
15	3	0.62	0.56
16	4	1.04	0.75
17	3	0.98	0.89
18	3	0.61	0.56
19	4	1.29	0.96
20	5	1.11	0.69
21	4	1.04	0.76
22	5	0.81	0.50
23	5	1.31	0.81
24	6	0.99	0.55

样点 Sites	物种丰富度 Richness	Shannon-Weiner指数 Shannon-Weiner diversity index	Pielou指数 Pielou eveness index
1	6	1.54	0.86
2	6	1.66	0.93
3	7	1.77	0.91
4	7	1.60	0.82
5	7	1.74	0.89
6	6	1.32	0.74
7	8	1.88	0.90
8	9	1.92	0.87
9	8	1.29	0.62
10	8	1.76	0.84
11	6	1.36	0.76
12	5	1.02	0.64
13	4	1.22	0.88
14	3	0.43	0.39
15	3	0.62	0.56
16	4	1.04	0.75
17	3	0.98	0.89
18	3	0.61	0.56
19	4	1.29	0.96
20	5	1.11	0.69
21	4	1.04	0.76
22	5	0.81	0.50
23	5	1.31	0.81
24	6	0.99	0.55

	种类 Species	盖度 Coverage (%)
群落1	腐石蕊 Cladonia cariosa	2.95
Group 1	喇叭石蕊 C. pyxidata	4.04
	粗皮石蕊 C. scabriuscula	2.19
	喇叭粉石蕊 C. chlorophaea	2.85
	雀鹿蕊 Cladina stellaris	2.61
	窝点平茶渍 Aspicilia lacunosa	3.30
	地卷 Peltigera elisabethae	1.78
	小计 Subtotal	19.70
群落2	腐石蕊 C. cariosa	2.75
Group 2	喇叭石蕊 C. pyxidata	0.99
	粗皮石蕊 C. scabriuscula	2.54
	雪岛衣 Cetraria nivalis	1.53
	旱黄梅 Xanthoparmelia camtschadalis	2.60
	甘肃大孢蜈蚣衣 Physconia kansuensis	0.02
	犬地卷 P. canina	1.81
	多指地卷 P. polydactyla	1.43
	双孢散盘衣 Solorina bispora	3.89
	翅白角衣 Siphula pteruloides	1.05
	雪地茶 Thamnolia subuliformis	2.44
	小计 Subtotal	21.10
群落3	喇叭石蕊 C. pyxidata	2.87
Group 3	裂芽地卷 P. praetextata	1.77
	雪岛衣 C. nivalis	3.41
	小计 Subtotal	8.05
群落4	喇叭粉石蕊 C.chlorophaea	1.43
Group 4	喇叭石蕊 C. pyxidata	4.08
	旱黄梅 X. camtschadalis	3.60
	平盘软地卷 P. elisabethae	3.63
	多指地卷 P. polydactyla	3.88
	地卷 P. rufescens	4.32
	双孢散盘衣 S. bispora	2.88
	小计 Subtotal	23.83