Biodiv Sci ›› 2009, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (1): 76-81. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.08140
• Research Brief • Previous Articles Next Articles
Heng Zhang1,4, Guoping Zhu2,3, Jianjian Lu4,*(
)
Received:2008-06-17
Accepted:2008-10-17
Online:2009-01-20
Published:2009-01-20
Contact:
Jianjian Lu
Heng Zhang, Guoping Zhu, Jianjian Lu. Fish species composition and diversity of Yangtze River estuarine wetlands[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2009, 17(1): 76-81.
Fig. 1 Distribution of fish sampling stations (●) of estuarine wetland of Yangtze River
| 物种 Fish species | 1990年以前 Before 1990 | 1991-2008年 Between 1991 and 2008 | 本研究 This paper | 出现频率 Occurrence | 生态类型 Ecological guilds | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SB | NB | MSE | SB | NB | MSE | ||||||
| 西湖银鮈 S. sihuensis** | ○ | ■ | 0.5 | A | |||||||
| 铜鱼 Coreius heterodon** | ○ | ● | ■ | 0.1 | A | ||||||
| 麦穗鱼 Pseudorasbora parva** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 22.4 | 2.6 | 4.2 | A | ||
| 棒花鱼 Abbottina rivularis** | ○ | ● | ■ | 13.7 | A | ||||||
| 花鱼骨 Hemibarbus maculates** | ○ | ● | ■ | 0.5 | A | ||||||
| 长蛇鮈 Saurogobio dumerili** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 34.1 | 13.1 | 18.6 | A | ||
| 蛇鮈 S. dabryi** | ○ | ■ | <0.1 | A | |||||||
| 光唇蛇鮈 S. gymnocheilus** | ○ | ■ | <0.1 | A | |||||||
| 越南鱊 Acheilognathus tonkinensis* | ○ | A | |||||||||
| 大鳍鱊 A. macropterus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 3.4 | A | ||||||
| 兴凯鱊 A. chankaensis** | ○ | ● | ■ | 6.8 | A | ||||||
| 中华鳑鲏 Rhodeus sinensis** | ○ | ● | ■ | 2.4 | A | ||||||
| 高体鳑鲏 R. ocellatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.0 | A | ||||||
| 鲢 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 3.4 | 2.6 | 1.4 | A | ||
| 鳙 Aristichthys nobilis** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 1.5 | 1.1 | A | ||||
| 鲤 Cyprinus carpio** | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.0 | A | ||||||
| 鲫 Carassius auratus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 23.9 | 3.9 | 4.3 | A | ||
| 宜昌鳅鮀 Gobiobotia ichangensis | ○ | A | |||||||||
| 鳅科 Cobitidae | |||||||||||
| 中华花鳅 Cobitis sinensis | ○ | A | |||||||||
| 大鳞副泥鳅 Paramisgurnus dabryanus** | ○ | ■ | 1.0 | A | |||||||
| 泥鳅 Misgurnus anguillicaudatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.5 | A | ||||||
| 鲇形目 Siluriformes | |||||||||||
| 鲿科 Bagridae | |||||||||||
| 长吻鮠 Leiocassis longirostris** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.4 | A/B | ||
| 黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco** | ○ | ● | ■ | 0.5 | A | ||||||
| 长须黄颡鱼 P. eupogon** | ○ | ■ | 0.5 | A | |||||||
| 光泽黄颡鱼 P. nitidus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 45.8 | A | ||||||
| 圆尾拟鲿 Pseudobagrus tenuis** | ○ | ● | ■ | <0.1 | A | ||||||
| 大鳍鱯 Hemibagrus macropterus | ○ | A | |||||||||
| 海鲇科 Ariidae | |||||||||||
| 中华海鲇 Arius sinensis** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 1.3 | 7.9 | 5.8 | C | ||
| 鲇科 Siluridae | |||||||||||
| 鲇 Silurus asotus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 0.5 | A | ||||||
| 鳉形目 Cyprinodontiformes | |||||||||||
| 胎鳉科 Poeciliidae | |||||||||||
| 食蚊鱼 Gambusia affinis** a | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 1.5 | 2.6 | A | ||||
| 青鳉科 Oryziatidae | |||||||||||
| 青鳉 Oryzias latipes | ○ | A | |||||||||
| 银汉鱼目 Atheriniformes | |||||||||||
| 银汉鱼科 Atherinidae | |||||||||||
| 白氏银汉鱼 Allanetta bleekeri | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 颌针鱼目 Beloniformes | |||||||||||
| 颌针鱼科 Belonidae | |||||||||||
| 尖嘴扁颌针鱼 Ablennes anastomella | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 鱵科 Hemirhamphidae | |||||||||||
| 乔氏鱵 Hyporhamphus georgii | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 物种 Fish species | 1990年以前 Before 1990 | 1991-2008年 Between 1991 and 2008 | 本研究 This paper | 出现频率 Occurrence | 生态类型 Ecological guilds | ||||||
| SB | NB | MSE | SB | NB | MSE | ||||||
| 沙氏下鱵 H. sajori | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 间下鱵 H. intermedius** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 3.4 | 2.6 | B/C | ||||
| 刺鱼目 Gasterosteiformes | |||||||||||
| 海龙科 Syngnathidae | |||||||||||
| 日本海马 Hippocampus japonicus | ● | F | |||||||||
| 尖海龙 Syngnathns acus* | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 1.4 | F | ||||
| 刺冠海龙 Corythoichthys crenulatus | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 笔状副海龙 Parasyngnathus penicillus* | ● | F | |||||||||
| 鲻形目 Mugiliformes | |||||||||||
| 鲻科 Mugilidae | |||||||||||
| 鲻 Mugil cephalus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 34.1 | 63.5 | 31.4 | B | ||
| 鮻 Liza haematocheila** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 1.5 | 2.6 | B | ||||
| 棱鮻 L. affinis** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 6.3 | 10.0 | B | ||||
| 马鲅科 Polynemidae | |||||||||||
| 四指马鲅 Eleutheronema tetradactylum** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 10.5 | 21.4 | C | ||||
| 六指马鲅 Polynemus sextarius | ● | F | |||||||||
| 合鳃目 Synbranchiformes | |||||||||||
| 合鳃科 Synbranchidae | |||||||||||
| 黄鳝 Monopterus albus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 3.4 | A | ||||||
| 鲈形目 Perciformes | |||||||||||
| 鮨科 Serranidae | |||||||||||
| 中国花鲈 Lateolabrax maculatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 11.7 | 7.9 | 11.4 | C | ||
| 鳜 Siniperca chuatsi** | ○ | ● | ■ | 6.9 | A | ||||||
| 大眼鲷科 Priacanthidae | |||||||||||
| 短尾大眼鲷 Priacanthus macrocanthus | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 7.1 | C | ||||
| 天竺鲷科 Apogonidae | |||||||||||
| 细条天竺鲷 Apogonichthys lineatus | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 鱚科 Sillaginidae | |||||||||||
| 多鳞鱚 Sillago sihama** | ○ | ● | ■ | 2.6 | F | ||||||
| 少鳞鱚 S. japonica* | ● | F | |||||||||
| 鲹科 Carangidae | |||||||||||
| 六带鲹 Caranx sexfasciatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 0.4 | F | ||||||
| 石首鱼科 Sciaenidae | |||||||||||
| 黄姑鱼 Nibea albiflora | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 叫姑鱼 Johnius belengeri* | ○ | ● | C | ||||||||
| 白姑鱼 Argyrosomus argentatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 1.0 | 7.2 | C | ||||
| 大头白姑鱼 A. macrocephalus** | ○ | ■ | 1.4 | F | |||||||
| 黑姑鱼 Atrobucca nibe | ○ | ■ | 1.4 | F | |||||||
| 小黄鱼 Pseudosciaena polyactis** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 21.7 | 5.7 | C | ||||
| 大黄鱼 P. crocea* | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 鮸 Miichthys miiuy** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 7.9 | 4.2 | C | ||||
| 黑鳃梅童 Collichthys niveatus | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 棘头梅童 C. lucidus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 68.4 | 35.8 | C | ||||
| 鰏科 Leiognathidae | |||||||||||
| 鹿斑鲾 Leiognathus ruconius | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 鲷科 Sparidae | |||||||||||
| 黑鲷 Sparus macrocephalus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 2.8 | F | ||||
| 松鲷科 Lobotidae | |||||||||||
| 物种 Fish species | 1990年以前 Before 1990 | 1991-2008年 Between 1991 and 2008 | 本研究 This paper | 出现频率 Occurrence | 生态类型 Ecological guilds | ||||||
| SB | NB | MSE | SB | NB | MSE | ||||||
| 松鲷 Lobotes surinamensis* | ○ | ■ | 1.4 | F | |||||||
| 鯻科 Theraponidae | |||||||||||
| 细鳞鯻 Therapon jarbua** | ○ | ● | ■ | 2.8 | F | ||||||
| 金钱鱼科 Scatophagidae | |||||||||||
| 金钱鱼 Scatophagus argus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.4 | F | ||||||
| 笛鲷科 Lutjanida | |||||||||||
| 勒氏笛鲷 Lucjanus russell | ● | F | |||||||||
| 石鲈科 Pomadasyida | |||||||||||
| 断斑石鲈 Pomadasys kaakan | ● | F | |||||||||
| 石雕科 Oplegnathus | |||||||||||
| 斑石鲷 Oplegnathus punctatus* | ● | F | |||||||||
| 鳄齿鱼科 Champsodontidae | |||||||||||
| 短鳄齿鱼 Champsodon snyderi | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 5.2 | F | ||||
| 绵鳚科 Zoarcidae | |||||||||||
| 绵鳚 Enchelyopus elongatus | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 鱼衔科 Callionymidae | |||||||||||
| 香鱼衔 Callionymus olidus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 15.6 | 7.1 | B | ||||
| 绯鱼衔 C. beniteguri | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 塘鳢科 Eleotridae | |||||||||||
| 沙塘鳢 Odontobutis obscura* | ○ | ● | A | ||||||||
| 锯塘鳢 Prionobutis koilomatodon | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 尖头塘鳢 Eleotris oxycephala** | ○ | ● | ■ | 3.9 | A | ||||||
| 黄鱼幼 Hypseleotris swinhonis** | ○ | ● | ■ | 4.8 | A | ||||||
| 虾虎鱼科 Gobiidae | |||||||||||
| 竿虾虎鱼 Luciogobius guttatus | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 髭虾虎鱼 Triaenopogen barbatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 1.5 | 2.6 | 1.2 | B/C | ||
| 舌虾虎鱼 Glossogobius giuris** | ○ | ■ | 1.0 | B | |||||||
| 斑纹舌虾虎鱼 G. olivaceus* | ● | B | |||||||||
| 矛尾虾虎鱼 Chaeturichthys stigmatias** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 5.2 | 2.8 | B | ||||
| 六丝矛尾虾虎鱼 C. hexanema* | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 深虾虎鱼 Bathygobius fuscus* | ● | ||||||||||
| 中华钝牙虾虎鱼 Apocryptichthys sericus* | ○ | ● | B | ||||||||
| 阿部鲻虾虎鱼 Mugilogobius abei | ● | B | |||||||||
| 粘皮鲻虾虎鱼 M. myxodermus* | ○ | ● | A | ||||||||
| 多鳞鲻虾虎鱼 M. polylepis* | ● | A | |||||||||
| 爪哇鲻虾虎鱼 M. javanicus* | ● | B | |||||||||
| 蝌蚪虾虎鱼 Lophiogobius ocellicauda** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 8.8 | 5.3 | 15.7 | B | ||
| 双带缟虾虎鱼 Tridentiger bifasciatus* | ● | ||||||||||
| 纹缟虾虎鱼 T. trigonocephalus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 16.9 | 7.9 | B | ||||
| 长体刺虾虎鱼 Acanthogobius elongate** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 13.5 | 7.9 | B | ||||
| 斑尾刺虾虎鱼 A. ommaturus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 42.9 | 47.4 | 31.1 | B | ||
| 黄鳍刺虾虎鱼 A. flavimanus* | ● | B | |||||||||
| 棕刺虾虎鱼 A. luridus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 5.3 | B | ||||||
| 普氏栉虾虎鱼 Ctenogobius pflaumi* | ● | B | |||||||||
| 子陵栉虾虎鱼 C. giurinus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 15.6 | 1.4 | B | ||||
| 波氏栉虾虎鱼 C. cliffordpopei* | ○ | B | |||||||||
| 鳗虾虎鱼科 Taenioididae | |||||||||||
| 红狼牙虾虎鱼 Odontamblyopus rubicundus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 1.5 | 65.9 | 41.4 | B | ||
| 物种 Fish species | 1990年以前 Before 1990 | 1991-2008年 Between 1991 and 2008 | 本研究 This paper | 出现频率 Occurrence | 生态类型 Ecological guilds | ||||||
| SB | NB | MSE | SB | NB | MSE | ||||||
| 孔虾虎鱼 Trypauchen vagina** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 10.0 | B | ||||
| 须鳗虾虎鱼 Taenioides cirratus* | ○ | ● | B | ||||||||
| 弹涂鱼科 Periophthalmidae | |||||||||||
| 弹涂鱼 Periophthalmus cantonensis** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 24.3 | 47.3 | 11.4 | B | ||
| 大鳍弹涂鱼 P. magnuspinnatus* | ● | B | |||||||||
| 大弹涂鱼 Boleophthalmus pectinirostris** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 24.1 | 45.1 | 10.8 | B | ||
| 青弹涂鱼 Scartelaos viridis* | ○ | ● | B | ||||||||
| 大青弹涂鱼 S. gigas* | ● | B | |||||||||
| 带鱼科 Trichiuridae | |||||||||||
| 带鱼 Trichiurus lepturus | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 2.8 | F | ||||
| 小带鱼 Eupleurogrammus muticus | ○ | ● | ■ | 2.8 | F | ||||||
| 鲳科 Stromateidae | |||||||||||
| 银鲳 Pampus argenteus | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 8.6 | C | ||||
| 灰鲳 P. cinerus | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 鲭科 Scombridae | |||||||||||
| 日本鲭 Scomber japonicus* | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 朝鲜马鲛 Scomberomorus koreanus | ○ | ■ | 2.8 | F | |||||||
| 蓝点马鲛 S. niphonius | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.4 | F | ||||||
| 斗鱼科 Belontiidae | |||||||||||
| 圆尾斗鱼 Macropodus chinensis** | ○ | ■ | 5.4 | A | |||||||
| 鳢科 Channidae | |||||||||||
| 乌鳢 Channa arga** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 3.4 | 2.5 | A | ||||
| 刺鳅科 Mastacembelidae | |||||||||||
| 刺鳅 Mastacembelus mastacembelus* | ○ | ● | A | ||||||||
| 鲉形目 Scorpaeniformes | |||||||||||
| 毒鲉科 Synanceiidae | |||||||||||
| 鬼鲉 Inimicus japonicus | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 鲬科 Platycephalidae | |||||||||||
| 鳄鲬 Cociella crocodilus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 0.6 | F | ||||||
| 鲬 Platycephalus indicus* | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 杜父鱼科 Cottidae | |||||||||||
| 淞江鲈 Trachidermus fasciatus** | ○ | ■ | <0.1 | E | |||||||
| 鲽形目 Pleuronectiformes | |||||||||||
| 鲽科 Pleuronectidae | |||||||||||
| 木叶鲽 Pleuronichthys cornutus | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 石鲽 Kareius bicoloratus* | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 舌鳎科 Cynoglossidae | |||||||||||
| 日本须鳎 Paraplagusia japonica | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 半滑舌鳎 Cynoglossus semilaevis* | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.4 | F | ||||||
| 窄体舌鳎 C. gracilis** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 28.1 | 13.2 | 14.3 | B | ||
| 宽体舌鳎 C. robustus | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 1.9 | F | ||||
| 三线舌鳎 C. trigrammus | ○ | ● | B | ||||||||
| 焦氏舌鳎 C. joyneri** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 1.5 | 23.7 | 15.7 | C | ||
| 鲀形目 Tetraodontiformes | |||||||||||
| 单角鲀科 Monacanthidae | |||||||||||
| 绿鳍马面鲀 Thomnaconus septentrionalis | ○ | ● | ■ | 2.6 | F | ||||||
| 革鲀 Alutera monoceros | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 鲀科 Tetraodontidae | |||||||||||
| 物种 Fish species | 1990年以前 Before 1990 | 1991-2008年 Between 1991 and 2008 | 本研究 This paper | 出现频率 Occurrence | 生态类型 Ecological guilds | ||||||
| SB | NB | MSE | SB | NB | MSE | ||||||
| 格代腹刺鲀 Gastrophysus gloveri | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 弓斑东方鲀 Takifugu ocellatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.0 | C/F | ||||||
| 暗纹东方鲀 T. obscurus* | ○ | ● | D | ||||||||
| 黄鳍东方鲀 T. xanthopterus | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 红旗东方鲀 T. rubripes | ● | F | |||||||||
| 菊黄东方鲀 T. flavidus | ○ | C | |||||||||
| 虫纹东方鲀 T. vermicularis | ○ | ● | C | ||||||||
| 星点东方鲀 T. niphobles | ○ | ■ | 1.2 | F | |||||||
| 铅点东方鲀 T. alboplumbeus | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 双斑东方鲀 T. bimaculatus* | ○ | ■ | 2.5 | F | |||||||
| 晕环东方鲀 T. coronoidus | ○ | A/B | |||||||||
| 假晴东方鲀 T. pseudommus | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
Appendix I Fish list, distribution and occurrence in the Yangtze River estuary wetland
| 物种 Fish species | 1990年以前 Before 1990 | 1991-2008年 Between 1991 and 2008 | 本研究 This paper | 出现频率 Occurrence | 生态类型 Ecological guilds | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SB | NB | MSE | SB | NB | MSE | ||||||
| 西湖银鮈 S. sihuensis** | ○ | ■ | 0.5 | A | |||||||
| 铜鱼 Coreius heterodon** | ○ | ● | ■ | 0.1 | A | ||||||
| 麦穗鱼 Pseudorasbora parva** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 22.4 | 2.6 | 4.2 | A | ||
| 棒花鱼 Abbottina rivularis** | ○ | ● | ■ | 13.7 | A | ||||||
| 花鱼骨 Hemibarbus maculates** | ○ | ● | ■ | 0.5 | A | ||||||
| 长蛇鮈 Saurogobio dumerili** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 34.1 | 13.1 | 18.6 | A | ||
| 蛇鮈 S. dabryi** | ○ | ■ | <0.1 | A | |||||||
| 光唇蛇鮈 S. gymnocheilus** | ○ | ■ | <0.1 | A | |||||||
| 越南鱊 Acheilognathus tonkinensis* | ○ | A | |||||||||
| 大鳍鱊 A. macropterus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 3.4 | A | ||||||
| 兴凯鱊 A. chankaensis** | ○ | ● | ■ | 6.8 | A | ||||||
| 中华鳑鲏 Rhodeus sinensis** | ○ | ● | ■ | 2.4 | A | ||||||
| 高体鳑鲏 R. ocellatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.0 | A | ||||||
| 鲢 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 3.4 | 2.6 | 1.4 | A | ||
| 鳙 Aristichthys nobilis** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 1.5 | 1.1 | A | ||||
| 鲤 Cyprinus carpio** | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.0 | A | ||||||
| 鲫 Carassius auratus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 23.9 | 3.9 | 4.3 | A | ||
| 宜昌鳅鮀 Gobiobotia ichangensis | ○ | A | |||||||||
| 鳅科 Cobitidae | |||||||||||
| 中华花鳅 Cobitis sinensis | ○ | A | |||||||||
| 大鳞副泥鳅 Paramisgurnus dabryanus** | ○ | ■ | 1.0 | A | |||||||
| 泥鳅 Misgurnus anguillicaudatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.5 | A | ||||||
| 鲇形目 Siluriformes | |||||||||||
| 鲿科 Bagridae | |||||||||||
| 长吻鮠 Leiocassis longirostris** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 2.4 | 2.0 | 1.4 | A/B | ||
| 黄颡鱼 Pelteobagrus fulvidraco** | ○ | ● | ■ | 0.5 | A | ||||||
| 长须黄颡鱼 P. eupogon** | ○ | ■ | 0.5 | A | |||||||
| 光泽黄颡鱼 P. nitidus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 45.8 | A | ||||||
| 圆尾拟鲿 Pseudobagrus tenuis** | ○ | ● | ■ | <0.1 | A | ||||||
| 大鳍鱯 Hemibagrus macropterus | ○ | A | |||||||||
| 海鲇科 Ariidae | |||||||||||
| 中华海鲇 Arius sinensis** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 1.3 | 7.9 | 5.8 | C | ||
| 鲇科 Siluridae | |||||||||||
| 鲇 Silurus asotus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 0.5 | A | ||||||
| 鳉形目 Cyprinodontiformes | |||||||||||
| 胎鳉科 Poeciliidae | |||||||||||
| 食蚊鱼 Gambusia affinis** a | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 1.5 | 2.6 | A | ||||
| 青鳉科 Oryziatidae | |||||||||||
| 青鳉 Oryzias latipes | ○ | A | |||||||||
| 银汉鱼目 Atheriniformes | |||||||||||
| 银汉鱼科 Atherinidae | |||||||||||
| 白氏银汉鱼 Allanetta bleekeri | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 颌针鱼目 Beloniformes | |||||||||||
| 颌针鱼科 Belonidae | |||||||||||
| 尖嘴扁颌针鱼 Ablennes anastomella | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 鱵科 Hemirhamphidae | |||||||||||
| 乔氏鱵 Hyporhamphus georgii | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 物种 Fish species | 1990年以前 Before 1990 | 1991-2008年 Between 1991 and 2008 | 本研究 This paper | 出现频率 Occurrence | 生态类型 Ecological guilds | ||||||
| SB | NB | MSE | SB | NB | MSE | ||||||
| 沙氏下鱵 H. sajori | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 间下鱵 H. intermedius** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 3.4 | 2.6 | B/C | ||||
| 刺鱼目 Gasterosteiformes | |||||||||||
| 海龙科 Syngnathidae | |||||||||||
| 日本海马 Hippocampus japonicus | ● | F | |||||||||
| 尖海龙 Syngnathns acus* | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 1.4 | F | ||||
| 刺冠海龙 Corythoichthys crenulatus | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 笔状副海龙 Parasyngnathus penicillus* | ● | F | |||||||||
| 鲻形目 Mugiliformes | |||||||||||
| 鲻科 Mugilidae | |||||||||||
| 鲻 Mugil cephalus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 34.1 | 63.5 | 31.4 | B | ||
| 鮻 Liza haematocheila** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 1.5 | 2.6 | B | ||||
| 棱鮻 L. affinis** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 6.3 | 10.0 | B | ||||
| 马鲅科 Polynemidae | |||||||||||
| 四指马鲅 Eleutheronema tetradactylum** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 10.5 | 21.4 | C | ||||
| 六指马鲅 Polynemus sextarius | ● | F | |||||||||
| 合鳃目 Synbranchiformes | |||||||||||
| 合鳃科 Synbranchidae | |||||||||||
| 黄鳝 Monopterus albus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 3.4 | A | ||||||
| 鲈形目 Perciformes | |||||||||||
| 鮨科 Serranidae | |||||||||||
| 中国花鲈 Lateolabrax maculatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 11.7 | 7.9 | 11.4 | C | ||
| 鳜 Siniperca chuatsi** | ○ | ● | ■ | 6.9 | A | ||||||
| 大眼鲷科 Priacanthidae | |||||||||||
| 短尾大眼鲷 Priacanthus macrocanthus | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 7.1 | C | ||||
| 天竺鲷科 Apogonidae | |||||||||||
| 细条天竺鲷 Apogonichthys lineatus | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 鱚科 Sillaginidae | |||||||||||
| 多鳞鱚 Sillago sihama** | ○ | ● | ■ | 2.6 | F | ||||||
| 少鳞鱚 S. japonica* | ● | F | |||||||||
| 鲹科 Carangidae | |||||||||||
| 六带鲹 Caranx sexfasciatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 0.4 | F | ||||||
| 石首鱼科 Sciaenidae | |||||||||||
| 黄姑鱼 Nibea albiflora | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 叫姑鱼 Johnius belengeri* | ○ | ● | C | ||||||||
| 白姑鱼 Argyrosomus argentatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 1.0 | 7.2 | C | ||||
| 大头白姑鱼 A. macrocephalus** | ○ | ■ | 1.4 | F | |||||||
| 黑姑鱼 Atrobucca nibe | ○ | ■ | 1.4 | F | |||||||
| 小黄鱼 Pseudosciaena polyactis** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 21.7 | 5.7 | C | ||||
| 大黄鱼 P. crocea* | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 鮸 Miichthys miiuy** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 7.9 | 4.2 | C | ||||
| 黑鳃梅童 Collichthys niveatus | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 棘头梅童 C. lucidus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 68.4 | 35.8 | C | ||||
| 鰏科 Leiognathidae | |||||||||||
| 鹿斑鲾 Leiognathus ruconius | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 鲷科 Sparidae | |||||||||||
| 黑鲷 Sparus macrocephalus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 2.8 | F | ||||
| 松鲷科 Lobotidae | |||||||||||
| 物种 Fish species | 1990年以前 Before 1990 | 1991-2008年 Between 1991 and 2008 | 本研究 This paper | 出现频率 Occurrence | 生态类型 Ecological guilds | ||||||
| SB | NB | MSE | SB | NB | MSE | ||||||
| 松鲷 Lobotes surinamensis* | ○ | ■ | 1.4 | F | |||||||
| 鯻科 Theraponidae | |||||||||||
| 细鳞鯻 Therapon jarbua** | ○ | ● | ■ | 2.8 | F | ||||||
| 金钱鱼科 Scatophagidae | |||||||||||
| 金钱鱼 Scatophagus argus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.4 | F | ||||||
| 笛鲷科 Lutjanida | |||||||||||
| 勒氏笛鲷 Lucjanus russell | ● | F | |||||||||
| 石鲈科 Pomadasyida | |||||||||||
| 断斑石鲈 Pomadasys kaakan | ● | F | |||||||||
| 石雕科 Oplegnathus | |||||||||||
| 斑石鲷 Oplegnathus punctatus* | ● | F | |||||||||
| 鳄齿鱼科 Champsodontidae | |||||||||||
| 短鳄齿鱼 Champsodon snyderi | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 5.2 | F | ||||
| 绵鳚科 Zoarcidae | |||||||||||
| 绵鳚 Enchelyopus elongatus | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 鱼衔科 Callionymidae | |||||||||||
| 香鱼衔 Callionymus olidus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 15.6 | 7.1 | B | ||||
| 绯鱼衔 C. beniteguri | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 塘鳢科 Eleotridae | |||||||||||
| 沙塘鳢 Odontobutis obscura* | ○ | ● | A | ||||||||
| 锯塘鳢 Prionobutis koilomatodon | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 尖头塘鳢 Eleotris oxycephala** | ○ | ● | ■ | 3.9 | A | ||||||
| 黄鱼幼 Hypseleotris swinhonis** | ○ | ● | ■ | 4.8 | A | ||||||
| 虾虎鱼科 Gobiidae | |||||||||||
| 竿虾虎鱼 Luciogobius guttatus | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 髭虾虎鱼 Triaenopogen barbatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 1.5 | 2.6 | 1.2 | B/C | ||
| 舌虾虎鱼 Glossogobius giuris** | ○ | ■ | 1.0 | B | |||||||
| 斑纹舌虾虎鱼 G. olivaceus* | ● | B | |||||||||
| 矛尾虾虎鱼 Chaeturichthys stigmatias** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 5.2 | 2.8 | B | ||||
| 六丝矛尾虾虎鱼 C. hexanema* | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 深虾虎鱼 Bathygobius fuscus* | ● | ||||||||||
| 中华钝牙虾虎鱼 Apocryptichthys sericus* | ○ | ● | B | ||||||||
| 阿部鲻虾虎鱼 Mugilogobius abei | ● | B | |||||||||
| 粘皮鲻虾虎鱼 M. myxodermus* | ○ | ● | A | ||||||||
| 多鳞鲻虾虎鱼 M. polylepis* | ● | A | |||||||||
| 爪哇鲻虾虎鱼 M. javanicus* | ● | B | |||||||||
| 蝌蚪虾虎鱼 Lophiogobius ocellicauda** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 8.8 | 5.3 | 15.7 | B | ||
| 双带缟虾虎鱼 Tridentiger bifasciatus* | ● | ||||||||||
| 纹缟虾虎鱼 T. trigonocephalus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 16.9 | 7.9 | B | ||||
| 长体刺虾虎鱼 Acanthogobius elongate** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 13.5 | 7.9 | B | ||||
| 斑尾刺虾虎鱼 A. ommaturus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 42.9 | 47.4 | 31.1 | B | ||
| 黄鳍刺虾虎鱼 A. flavimanus* | ● | B | |||||||||
| 棕刺虾虎鱼 A. luridus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 5.3 | B | ||||||
| 普氏栉虾虎鱼 Ctenogobius pflaumi* | ● | B | |||||||||
| 子陵栉虾虎鱼 C. giurinus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 15.6 | 1.4 | B | ||||
| 波氏栉虾虎鱼 C. cliffordpopei* | ○ | B | |||||||||
| 鳗虾虎鱼科 Taenioididae | |||||||||||
| 红狼牙虾虎鱼 Odontamblyopus rubicundus** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 1.5 | 65.9 | 41.4 | B | ||
| 物种 Fish species | 1990年以前 Before 1990 | 1991-2008年 Between 1991 and 2008 | 本研究 This paper | 出现频率 Occurrence | 生态类型 Ecological guilds | ||||||
| SB | NB | MSE | SB | NB | MSE | ||||||
| 孔虾虎鱼 Trypauchen vagina** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 10.0 | B | ||||
| 须鳗虾虎鱼 Taenioides cirratus* | ○ | ● | B | ||||||||
| 弹涂鱼科 Periophthalmidae | |||||||||||
| 弹涂鱼 Periophthalmus cantonensis** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 24.3 | 47.3 | 11.4 | B | ||
| 大鳍弹涂鱼 P. magnuspinnatus* | ● | B | |||||||||
| 大弹涂鱼 Boleophthalmus pectinirostris** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 24.1 | 45.1 | 10.8 | B | ||
| 青弹涂鱼 Scartelaos viridis* | ○ | ● | B | ||||||||
| 大青弹涂鱼 S. gigas* | ● | B | |||||||||
| 带鱼科 Trichiuridae | |||||||||||
| 带鱼 Trichiurus lepturus | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 2.8 | F | ||||
| 小带鱼 Eupleurogrammus muticus | ○ | ● | ■ | 2.8 | F | ||||||
| 鲳科 Stromateidae | |||||||||||
| 银鲳 Pampus argenteus | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 8.6 | C | ||||
| 灰鲳 P. cinerus | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 鲭科 Scombridae | |||||||||||
| 日本鲭 Scomber japonicus* | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 朝鲜马鲛 Scomberomorus koreanus | ○ | ■ | 2.8 | F | |||||||
| 蓝点马鲛 S. niphonius | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.4 | F | ||||||
| 斗鱼科 Belontiidae | |||||||||||
| 圆尾斗鱼 Macropodus chinensis** | ○ | ■ | 5.4 | A | |||||||
| 鳢科 Channidae | |||||||||||
| 乌鳢 Channa arga** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 3.4 | 2.5 | A | ||||
| 刺鳅科 Mastacembelidae | |||||||||||
| 刺鳅 Mastacembelus mastacembelus* | ○ | ● | A | ||||||||
| 鲉形目 Scorpaeniformes | |||||||||||
| 毒鲉科 Synanceiidae | |||||||||||
| 鬼鲉 Inimicus japonicus | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 鲬科 Platycephalidae | |||||||||||
| 鳄鲬 Cociella crocodilus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 0.6 | F | ||||||
| 鲬 Platycephalus indicus* | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 杜父鱼科 Cottidae | |||||||||||
| 淞江鲈 Trachidermus fasciatus** | ○ | ■ | <0.1 | E | |||||||
| 鲽形目 Pleuronectiformes | |||||||||||
| 鲽科 Pleuronectidae | |||||||||||
| 木叶鲽 Pleuronichthys cornutus | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 石鲽 Kareius bicoloratus* | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 舌鳎科 Cynoglossidae | |||||||||||
| 日本须鳎 Paraplagusia japonica | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 半滑舌鳎 Cynoglossus semilaevis* | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.4 | F | ||||||
| 窄体舌鳎 C. gracilis** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 28.1 | 13.2 | 14.3 | B | ||
| 宽体舌鳎 C. robustus | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | 2.6 | 1.9 | F | ||||
| 三线舌鳎 C. trigrammus | ○ | ● | B | ||||||||
| 焦氏舌鳎 C. joyneri** | ○ | ● | ■ | ■ | ■ | 1.5 | 23.7 | 15.7 | C | ||
| 鲀形目 Tetraodontiformes | |||||||||||
| 单角鲀科 Monacanthidae | |||||||||||
| 绿鳍马面鲀 Thomnaconus septentrionalis | ○ | ● | ■ | 2.6 | F | ||||||
| 革鲀 Alutera monoceros | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 鲀科 Tetraodontidae | |||||||||||
| 物种 Fish species | 1990年以前 Before 1990 | 1991-2008年 Between 1991 and 2008 | 本研究 This paper | 出现频率 Occurrence | 生态类型 Ecological guilds | ||||||
| SB | NB | MSE | SB | NB | MSE | ||||||
| 格代腹刺鲀 Gastrophysus gloveri | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 弓斑东方鲀 Takifugu ocellatus** | ○ | ● | ■ | 1.0 | C/F | ||||||
| 暗纹东方鲀 T. obscurus* | ○ | ● | D | ||||||||
| 黄鳍东方鲀 T. xanthopterus | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 红旗东方鲀 T. rubripes | ● | F | |||||||||
| 菊黄东方鲀 T. flavidus | ○ | C | |||||||||
| 虫纹东方鲀 T. vermicularis | ○ | ● | C | ||||||||
| 星点东方鲀 T. niphobles | ○ | ■ | 1.2 | F | |||||||
| 铅点东方鲀 T. alboplumbeus | ○ | F | |||||||||
| 双斑东方鲀 T. bimaculatus* | ○ | ■ | 2.5 | F | |||||||
| 晕环东方鲀 T. coronoidus | ○ | A/B | |||||||||
| 假晴东方鲀 T. pseudommus | ○ | ● | F | ||||||||
| 水域 Watersheds | 目 No. of order | 科 No. of family | 属 No. of genus | 种 No. of species | 盐度 Salinity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 长江口南支 South branch of Yangtze estuary | 14 | 28 | 70 | 80 | 0-1 |
| 长江口北支 North branch of Yangtze estuary | 13 | 28 | 50 | 57 | 1-30 |
| 口门区 Mouth shed of Yangtze estuary | 13 | 32 | 61 | 70 | 3-30 |
Table 1 Composition of fish species in different watersheds in estuarine wetland of Yangtze River
| 水域 Watersheds | 目 No. of order | 科 No. of family | 属 No. of genus | 种 No. of species | 盐度 Salinity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 长江口南支 South branch of Yangtze estuary | 14 | 28 | 70 | 80 | 0-1 |
| 长江口北支 North branch of Yangtze estuary | 13 | 28 | 50 | 57 | 1-30 |
| 口门区 Mouth shed of Yangtze estuary | 13 | 32 | 61 | 70 | 3-30 |
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