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Research progress of insect diversity in “SITE-100” sampling sites in China

Xiangfei Kong1,2, Qiang Ding1,3, Guoquan Wang4, Guohua Huang5, Zhehao Tian1,6, Xinpu Wang6, Yijie Tong1, Zhishun Song7, Xiaoning Zhang8,9, Weihai Li2, Huilin Han10, Wenliang Li11, Rui’e Nie12, Haidong Yang1,13, Xingke Yang1,13, Meike Liu14, Yongming Sun15, Yaqin Cui15, Meixia Yang16, Ning Liu1, Yuanyuan Lu1, Panpan Li1,4, Ming Bai1,3*   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Animal Biodiversity Conservation and Integrated Pest Management, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China 

    2 Department of Henan International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China 

    3 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 

    4 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China 

    5 Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology and Control of Plant Pests and Diseases, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, China 

    6 School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China 

    7 Institute of Insect Resources and Diversity, Jiangsu Second Normal University, Nanjing 210013, China 

    8 School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China 

    9 Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China 

    10 Northeast Forestry University, Northeast Asia Biodiversity Research Center, Harbin 150040, China 

    11 College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471023, China 

    12 College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China 

    13 Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510145, China 

    14 College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China 

    15 Shanxi Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences, Taiyuan 030012, China 

    16 Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi’an 710032, China

  • Received:2025-08-18 Revised:2025-10-09 Accepted:2025-12-27
  • Contact: Ming Bai

Abstract:

Background & Aim: Insects are the most diverse group of organisms. In recent years, the decline in insect diversity has drawn significant attention. There is an urgent need to facilitate the development of forest biodiversity monitoring and to promote the establishment of standardized technical systems for assessing insect diversity patterns and intelligent insect monitoring. 

Strategies: A quantitative assessment of the relationships between insect diversity and environmental factors, based on long-term monitoring at fixed sites worldwide, will help to accurately characterize patterns and drivers of insect diversity change. 

Summary: This paper reviews recent research achievements, as well as emerging technologies and methods for insect diversity monitoring within the “SITE-100” project in China. It also provides a detailed introduction to the standardization framework of “SITE-100” and highlights the key characteristics and advantages of each technology and method.

Key words: biodiversity, passive acquisition, new monitoring equipment, community phylogenetics, artificial intelligence