Biodiv Sci ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 22289. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2022289
Special Issue: 生物入侵
• Original Papers: Animal Diversity • Previous Articles Next Articles
Minhao Chen1, Chao Zhang2, Jiadong Wang1, Zhenjie Zhan1, Junzhi Chen2, Xiaofeng Luan1,*()
Received:
2022-05-27
Accepted:
2022-08-31
Online:
2023-01-20
Published:
2022-11-11
Contact:
*Xiaofeng Luan, E-mail: luanxiaofeng@bjfu.edu.cn
Minhao Chen, Chao Zhang, Jiadong Wang, Zhenjie Zhan, Junzhi Chen, Xiaofeng Luan. Distribution and niche overlap of American mink and Eurasian otter in Northeast China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2023, 31(1): 22289.
环境变量 Environmental variables | 重要性 Importance | 平方和的平方根 RSS | 物种分布 模型 SDM | 生态位量化 Niche quantification* | 数据来源 Data sources | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
水貂 Mink | 水獭 Otter | |||||
距水域距离 Distance from water | 0.765 | 0.692 | 1.031 | ● | ● | 全国地理信息资源目录服务系统 National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information https://www.webmap.cn/ |
居民点密度 Residential density | 0.124 | 0.036 | 0.129 | ● | ● | 资源环境科学与数据中心 Resource and Environment Science and Data Center http://www.resdc.cn/Default.aspx/ |
耕地密度 Cultivated land density | 0.037 | 0.112 | 0.118 | ● | ● | 资源环境科学与数据中心 Resource and Environment Science and Data Center http://www.resdc.cn/Default.aspx/ |
最干季降水量 Precipitation of driest quarter | 0.056 | 0.056 | 0.080 | ● | ● | 世界气候数据网站 WorldClim http://www.worldclim.org/ |
海拔 Elevation | 0.070 | 0.005 | 0.071 | ● | ● | SRTM 90 m数字高程数据 SRTM 90 m Digital Elevation Database http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/ |
有林地密度 Forest density | 0.021 | 0.029 | 0.036 | ● | ● | 资源环境科学与数据中心 Resource and Environment Science and Data Center http://www.resdc.cn/Default.aspx/ |
最湿季降水量 Precipitation of wettest quarter | 0.014 | 0.001 | 0.014 | ● | ● | 世界气候数据网站 WorldClim http://www.worldclim.org/ |
坡度 Slope | 0.008 | 0.002 | 0.009 | ● | × | SRTM 90 m数字高程数据 SRTM 90 m Digital Elevation Database http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/ |
地表起伏度 Relief degree of land surface | 0.007 | 0.004 | 0.008 | ● | × | 全球变化科学研究数据出版系统 Global Change Research Data Publishing and Repository http://www.geodoi.ac.cn/ |
距一级支流距离 Distance from primary tributaries | 0.004 | 0.007 | 0.008 | ● | × | 全国地理信息资源目录服务系统 National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information https://www.webmap.cn |
距二级支流距离 Distance from secondary tributaries | 0.007 | 0.002 | 0.008 | ● | × | 全国地理信息资源目录服务系统 National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information https://www.webmap.cn |
坡向 Aspect | 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.006 | ● | × | SRTM 90 m数字高程数据 SRTM 90 m Digital Elevation Database http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/ |
距主要河流距离 Distance from major rivers | 0.004 | 0.001 | 0.004 | ● | × | 全国地理信息资源目录服务系统 National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information https://www.webmap.cn |
距道路距离 Distance from road | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.002 | ● | × | 全国地理信息资源目录服务系统 National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information https://www.webmap.cn |
距城镇距离 Distance from town | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | ● | × | 资源环境科学与数据中心 Resource and Environment Science and Data Center http://www.resdc.cn/Default.aspx |
年降水量 Annual precipitation | - | - | - | × | × | 世界气候数据网站 WorldClim http://www.worldclim.org/ |
Table 1 Importance and selected for modeling of environmental variables. Annual precipitation is excluded after assessment using variance inflation factor; ●, Selected environmental variable; ×, Excluded environmental variable.
环境变量 Environmental variables | 重要性 Importance | 平方和的平方根 RSS | 物种分布 模型 SDM | 生态位量化 Niche quantification* | 数据来源 Data sources | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
水貂 Mink | 水獭 Otter | |||||
距水域距离 Distance from water | 0.765 | 0.692 | 1.031 | ● | ● | 全国地理信息资源目录服务系统 National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information https://www.webmap.cn/ |
居民点密度 Residential density | 0.124 | 0.036 | 0.129 | ● | ● | 资源环境科学与数据中心 Resource and Environment Science and Data Center http://www.resdc.cn/Default.aspx/ |
耕地密度 Cultivated land density | 0.037 | 0.112 | 0.118 | ● | ● | 资源环境科学与数据中心 Resource and Environment Science and Data Center http://www.resdc.cn/Default.aspx/ |
最干季降水量 Precipitation of driest quarter | 0.056 | 0.056 | 0.080 | ● | ● | 世界气候数据网站 WorldClim http://www.worldclim.org/ |
海拔 Elevation | 0.070 | 0.005 | 0.071 | ● | ● | SRTM 90 m数字高程数据 SRTM 90 m Digital Elevation Database http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/ |
有林地密度 Forest density | 0.021 | 0.029 | 0.036 | ● | ● | 资源环境科学与数据中心 Resource and Environment Science and Data Center http://www.resdc.cn/Default.aspx/ |
最湿季降水量 Precipitation of wettest quarter | 0.014 | 0.001 | 0.014 | ● | ● | 世界气候数据网站 WorldClim http://www.worldclim.org/ |
坡度 Slope | 0.008 | 0.002 | 0.009 | ● | × | SRTM 90 m数字高程数据 SRTM 90 m Digital Elevation Database http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/ |
地表起伏度 Relief degree of land surface | 0.007 | 0.004 | 0.008 | ● | × | 全球变化科学研究数据出版系统 Global Change Research Data Publishing and Repository http://www.geodoi.ac.cn/ |
距一级支流距离 Distance from primary tributaries | 0.004 | 0.007 | 0.008 | ● | × | 全国地理信息资源目录服务系统 National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information https://www.webmap.cn |
距二级支流距离 Distance from secondary tributaries | 0.007 | 0.002 | 0.008 | ● | × | 全国地理信息资源目录服务系统 National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information https://www.webmap.cn |
坡向 Aspect | 0.005 | 0.003 | 0.006 | ● | × | SRTM 90 m数字高程数据 SRTM 90 m Digital Elevation Database http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/ |
距主要河流距离 Distance from major rivers | 0.004 | 0.001 | 0.004 | ● | × | 全国地理信息资源目录服务系统 National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information https://www.webmap.cn |
距道路距离 Distance from road | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.002 | ● | × | 全国地理信息资源目录服务系统 National Catalogue Service for Geographic Information https://www.webmap.cn |
距城镇距离 Distance from town | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | ● | × | 资源环境科学与数据中心 Resource and Environment Science and Data Center http://www.resdc.cn/Default.aspx |
年降水量 Annual precipitation | - | - | - | × | × | 世界气候数据网站 WorldClim http://www.worldclim.org/ |
省份 Province | 潜在分布区 Potential distribution (km2) | 重叠比例 Proportion of overlap | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
水貂 Mink | 水獭 Otter | 重叠区域 Overlapping region | ||
内蒙古 Inner Mongolia | 12,616.02 | 27,758.67 | 12,135.05 | 43.72% |
辽宁 Liaoning | 283.56 | 2,780.04 | 266.35 | 9.58% |
吉林 Jilin | 8,264.06 | 14,871.51 | 8,001.23 | 53.80% |
黑龙江 Heilongjiang | 40,780.93 | 38,180.71 | 30,141.58 | 78.94% |
总计 Total | 61,944.57 | 83,590.94 | 50,544.21 | 60.47% |
Table 2 The potential distribution areas of American mink and Eurasian otter and the proportion of overlap in Northeast China
省份 Province | 潜在分布区 Potential distribution (km2) | 重叠比例 Proportion of overlap | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
水貂 Mink | 水獭 Otter | 重叠区域 Overlapping region | ||
内蒙古 Inner Mongolia | 12,616.02 | 27,758.67 | 12,135.05 | 43.72% |
辽宁 Liaoning | 283.56 | 2,780.04 | 266.35 | 9.58% |
吉林 Jilin | 8,264.06 | 14,871.51 | 8,001.23 | 53.80% |
黑龙江 Heilongjiang | 40,780.93 | 38,180.71 | 30,141.58 | 78.94% |
总计 Total | 61,944.57 | 83,590.94 | 50,544.21 | 60.47% |
Fig. 3 Niche overlap analysis results based on principal component analysis (PCA). A, Correlation circle of PCA of all environmental background values, cos2 value indicates the interpretation of each factor to the results, high cos2 value indicates that the variable has good interpretation on the principal component, and points closer to the circumference of the end point. B, The niche overlap of mink and otter. The solid and dotted lines show 100% and 50% of the available background environment, respectively. The green is the ecological niche occupied by otters, the red is the ecological niche occupied by minks, and the purple is the overlapped niche of the two species, with Schoener’s D value of 0.60. C-F, Single factor niche distribution characteristics, solid line and dotted line contour lines show 100% and 50% of available background environment, respectively, the green is the niche occupied by otters, the red is the niche occupied by minks, and the purple is the overlapping niche of the two species. In the color bar above the horizontal axis, the green is the area occupied by otter alone in 50% of the background environment, the red is the area occupied by mink alone in 50% of the background environment, and the blue is the area occupied jointly in 50% of the background environment.
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