Biodiv Sci ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (8): 973-982.

### Diversity of Satyrinae in the Liupanshan National Nature Reserve of Ningxia

Xueqin Liu, Dahan He, Xinpu Wang*()

1. School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021
• Received:2019-12-06 Accepted:2020-02-22 Online:2020-08-20 Published:2020-03-08
• Contact: Xinpu Wang

Abstract:

Butterfly is one of indicator species of biodiversity, and the population dynamics and community structure of butterflies can reflect the environmental effect of Ecosystem. The Liupanshan National Nature Reserve is rich in plant resources with diversified habitats. To effectively protect and utilize environment and resources, we studied the diversity of Satyrinae in four habitat types, including artificial vegetation, shrub, broad-leaved forest, and coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest of the Liupanshan National Nature Reserve from 2016 to 2018 by surveying transects, we discussed the spatial and temporal dynamic changes of Satyrinae. A total of 4,363 butterflies were collected, of which 19 species in 13 genera were identified. Among them, the largest numbers of individuals were Aphantopus hyperanthus (961), Melanargia asiatica (637), and Coenonympha oedippus (594), accounting for 22%, 15% and 13% of the assemblage respectively, all of which are dominant species in the reserve. Triphysa phryne had only 17 individuals which we regard as a rare species. We calculated and analyzed the Margalef richness index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index, and Simpson dominance index of the four habitats. The results showed that the dominance index was lowest, but the diversity, richness, and evenness indices were highest in coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest. The richness, diversity, and evenness indices were significantly different, while the dominance index was not for the four habitat types (P < 0.05). In terms of temporal dynamics, the number of Satyrinae individuals decreased from 2016 to 2018, and the peak of the number species mainly occurred in August, with significant changes in dominant species. Therefore, butterfly protection is urgent and recommended in the Liupanshan National Nature Reserve.