生物多样性 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 23168. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023168
赵梦乔1,2, 陈友3, 徐正会1,*(), 王戌勃1, 赵忠良1, 徐文川1, 何宗辉1, 王文华1
收稿日期:
2023-05-25
接受日期:
2023-08-24
出版日期:
2023-11-20
发布日期:
2023-12-09
通讯作者:
* E-mail: 基金资助:
Mengqiao Zhao1,2, You Chen3, Zhenghui Xu1,*(), Xubo Wang1, Zhongliang Zhao1, Wenchuan Xu1, Zonghui He1, Wenhua Wang1
Received:
2023-05-25
Accepted:
2023-08-24
Online:
2023-11-20
Published:
2023-12-09
Contact:
* E-mail: 摘要:
哀牢山地处青藏高原、横断山地和云贵高原三大自然地理区域的结合部, 在这样一个特殊的地理气候区域内栖息着怎样的蚂蚁群落? 不同海拔高度引起的气候条件差异导致蚂蚁群落结构和多样性产生了怎样的差异? 为了揭示这一科学问题, 本文采用样带法、样地调查法和多样性指标法研究了哀牢山国家级自然保护区东坡垂直带的蚂蚁物种多样性。在哀牢山国家级自然保护区东坡垂直带记录蚂蚁7亚科47属150种, 喜马毛蚁(Lasius himalayanus)是蚂蚁群落的优势种, 同时发现常见种2个, 较常见种20个, 较稀有种55个, 稀有种72个, 稀有种占了物种总数的48.00%。东坡4个垂直带蚂蚁群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数顺序为: 中南段 > 北段 > 中北段 > 南段。相关性分析显示蚂蚁的物种数和多样性指数与海拔存在显著负相关性, 物种数、个体密度和多样性指数与乔木郁闭度存在显著负相关性。蚂蚁群落在海拔梯度间表现出高度的不相似性和强烈的更替模式, 不同垂直带间的蚂蚁群落同样表现出高度的不相似性和强烈的更替格局。哀牢山自然保护区东坡各垂直带蚂蚁物种数、个体密度、多样性指数总体上随海拔升高而降低, 主要受海拔和气温因素制约; 这些指标普遍出现多域效应现象, 有时出现中域效应现象, 说明不同海拔高度上栖息着适应了不同气候类型的物种聚集群, 同时受到人类干扰和干热河谷气候的影响。哀牢山自然保护区东坡蚂蚁物种丰富度低于西坡, 主要受湿度因素影响。从相似性系数看, 栖息于保护区不同生境的蚂蚁群落间分化明显, 具有不同的生态功能和保护价值。
赵梦乔, 陈友, 徐正会, 王戌勃, 赵忠良, 徐文川, 何宗辉, 王文华 (2023) 云南哀牢山国家级自然保护区东坡垂直带蚂蚁物种多样性. 生物多样性, 31, 23168. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023168.
Mengqiao Zhao, You Chen, Zhenghui Xu, Xubo Wang, Zhongliang Zhao, Wenchuan Xu, Zonghui He, Wenhua Wang (2023) Ant species diversity along the vertical zones of the east slope of Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve, Yunnan Province. Biodiversity Science, 31, 23168. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2023168.
编号 No. | 样地地点 Plot locality | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 坡向 Slop direction | 坡度 Slope grade (°) | 土壤类型 Soil type | 植被类型 Vegetation type | 乔木 郁闭度 Canopy density | 灌木 盖度 Shrub coverage (%) | 草本 盖度 Herbal coverage (%) | 地被物 盖度 Litter coverage (%) | 地被 物厚度 Litter thickness (cm) | 垂直带 Vertical zone |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 2,500 | E | 40 | 黄棕壤 YB | 中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 0.9 | 10 | 2 | 100 | 4-5 | 北段 NZ |
2 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 2,250 | NE | 25 | 黄棕壤 YB | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.9 | 20 | 2 | 40 | 2-3 | 北段 NZ |
3 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 2,000 | W | 30 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.6 | 30 | 5 | 70 | 3-4 | 北段 NZ |
4 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 1,750 | NE | 20 | 红壤 RS | 云南松林 C | 0.4 | 2.5 | 85 | 95 | 2-3 | 北段 NZ |
5 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 1,500 | W | 25 | 红壤 RS | 云南松林 C | 0.3 | 40 | 50 | 80 | 2-3 | 北段 NZ |
6 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 1,250 | NE | 45 | 红壤 RS | 针阔混交林 D | 0.3 | 40 | 70 | 70 | 1-2 | 北段 NZ |
7 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 1,000 | SE | 45 | 砖红壤 LS | 干热河谷稀树灌丛 E | 0.2 | 70 | 80 | 80 | 2-3 | 北段 NZ |
8 | 双柏县萼嘉 ES | 2,750 | SW | 40 | 黄棕壤 YB | 中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 0.9 | 50 | 30 | 100 | 5-6 | 中北段 MN |
9 | 双柏县萼嘉 ES | 2,500 | NE | 30 | 黄棕壤 YB | 中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 0.8 | 60 | 10 | 90 | 4-5 | 中北段 MN |
10 | 双柏县萼嘉 ES | 2,250 | SW | 40 | 黄红壤 YR | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.3 | 60 | 30 | 50 | 1-2 | 中北段 MN |
11 | 双柏县萼嘉 ES | 2,000 | N | 30 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.1 | 80 | 5 | 70 | 2-3 | 中北段 MN |
12 | 新平县者竜 ZX | 1,750 | SE | 35 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.4 | 50 | 5 | 80 | 2-3 | 中北段 MN |
13 | 新平县者竜 ZX | 1,500 | E | 35 | 红壤 RS | 针阔混交林 D | 0.5 | 25 | 30 | 90 | 2-3 | 中北段 MN |
14 | 新平县者竜 ZX | 1,250 | NW | 35 | 红壤 RS | 针阔混交林 D | 0.3 | 30 | 15 | 40 | 1-2 | 中北段 MN |
15 | 新平县者竜 ZX | 1,000 | NW | 35 | 砖红壤 LS | 针阔混交林 D | 0.3 | 30 | 20 | 60 | 1-2 | 中北段 MN |
16 | 新平县者竜 ZX | 750 | NW | 30 | 砖红壤 LS | 干热河谷稀树灌丛 E | 0.2 | 20 | 20 | 90 | 2-3 | 中北段 MN |
17 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 2,500 | E | 30 | 黄棕壤 YB | 中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 0.8 | 20 | 10 | 95 | 2 | 中南段 MS |
18 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 2,250 | SW | 45 | 黄棕壤 YB | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.8 | 70 | 10 | 80 | 5-6 | 中南段 MS |
19 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 2,000 | NW | 30 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.3 | 80 | 15 | 95 | 3-4 | 中南段 MS |
20 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 1,750 | SE | 45 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.2 | 50 | 70 | 70 | 2-3 | 中南段 MS |
21 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 1,500 | NE | 40 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.2 | 40 | 70 | 60 | 1-2 | 中南段 MS |
22 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 1,250 | SE | 35 | 红壤 RS | 云南松林 C | 0.6 | 40 | 20 | 90 | 1-2 | 中南段 MS |
23 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 1,040 | W | 30 | 砖红壤 LS | 云南松林 C | 0.2 | 50 | 10 | 30 | 1 | 中南段 MS |
24 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 750 | NW | 30 | 砖红壤 LS | 干性常绿阔叶林 F | 0.2 | 40 | 60 | 40 | 1-2 | 中南段 MS |
25 | 新平县建兴 JX | 2,000 | S | 20 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.2 | 80 | 20 | 90 | 8-10 | 南段 SZ |
26 | 新平县漠沙 MX | 1,750 | S | 40 | 红壤 RS | 云南松林 C | 0.4 | 30 | 60 | 80 | 5-8 | 南段 SZ |
27 | 新平县漠沙 MX | 1,550 | E | 15 | 黄红壤 YR | 针阔混交林 D | 0.1 | 60 | 60 | 80 | 5-8 | 南段 SZ |
28 | 新平县漠沙 MX | 1,250 | W | 25 | 黄红壤 YR | 针阔混交林 D | 0.3 | 50 | 60 | 80 | 8-10 | 南段 SZ |
29 | 新平县漠沙 MX | 1,050 | NE | 40 | 砖红壤 LS | 干性常绿阔叶林 F | 0.4 | 40 | 50 | 90 | 10-15 | 南段 SZ |
30 | 新平县漠沙 MX | 750 | S | 25 | 燥红壤 DR | 桉树林 G | 0.5 | 0.5 | 15 | 35 | 2-3 | 南段 SZ |
表1 哀牢山国家级自然保护区东坡蚂蚁物种多样性调查样地概况
Table 1 Sample plot information for ant species diversity survey on east slope of Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve
编号 No. | 样地地点 Plot locality | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 坡向 Slop direction | 坡度 Slope grade (°) | 土壤类型 Soil type | 植被类型 Vegetation type | 乔木 郁闭度 Canopy density | 灌木 盖度 Shrub coverage (%) | 草本 盖度 Herbal coverage (%) | 地被物 盖度 Litter coverage (%) | 地被 物厚度 Litter thickness (cm) | 垂直带 Vertical zone |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 2,500 | E | 40 | 黄棕壤 YB | 中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 0.9 | 10 | 2 | 100 | 4-5 | 北段 NZ |
2 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 2,250 | NE | 25 | 黄棕壤 YB | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.9 | 20 | 2 | 40 | 2-3 | 北段 NZ |
3 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 2,000 | W | 30 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.6 | 30 | 5 | 70 | 3-4 | 北段 NZ |
4 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 1,750 | NE | 20 | 红壤 RS | 云南松林 C | 0.4 | 2.5 | 85 | 95 | 2-3 | 北段 NZ |
5 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 1,500 | W | 25 | 红壤 RS | 云南松林 C | 0.3 | 40 | 50 | 80 | 2-3 | 北段 NZ |
6 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 1,250 | NE | 45 | 红壤 RS | 针阔混交林 D | 0.3 | 40 | 70 | 70 | 1-2 | 北段 NZ |
7 | 楚雄市西舍路 XC | 1,000 | SE | 45 | 砖红壤 LS | 干热河谷稀树灌丛 E | 0.2 | 70 | 80 | 80 | 2-3 | 北段 NZ |
8 | 双柏县萼嘉 ES | 2,750 | SW | 40 | 黄棕壤 YB | 中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 0.9 | 50 | 30 | 100 | 5-6 | 中北段 MN |
9 | 双柏县萼嘉 ES | 2,500 | NE | 30 | 黄棕壤 YB | 中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 0.8 | 60 | 10 | 90 | 4-5 | 中北段 MN |
10 | 双柏县萼嘉 ES | 2,250 | SW | 40 | 黄红壤 YR | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.3 | 60 | 30 | 50 | 1-2 | 中北段 MN |
11 | 双柏县萼嘉 ES | 2,000 | N | 30 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.1 | 80 | 5 | 70 | 2-3 | 中北段 MN |
12 | 新平县者竜 ZX | 1,750 | SE | 35 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.4 | 50 | 5 | 80 | 2-3 | 中北段 MN |
13 | 新平县者竜 ZX | 1,500 | E | 35 | 红壤 RS | 针阔混交林 D | 0.5 | 25 | 30 | 90 | 2-3 | 中北段 MN |
14 | 新平县者竜 ZX | 1,250 | NW | 35 | 红壤 RS | 针阔混交林 D | 0.3 | 30 | 15 | 40 | 1-2 | 中北段 MN |
15 | 新平县者竜 ZX | 1,000 | NW | 35 | 砖红壤 LS | 针阔混交林 D | 0.3 | 30 | 20 | 60 | 1-2 | 中北段 MN |
16 | 新平县者竜 ZX | 750 | NW | 30 | 砖红壤 LS | 干热河谷稀树灌丛 E | 0.2 | 20 | 20 | 90 | 2-3 | 中北段 MN |
17 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 2,500 | E | 30 | 黄棕壤 YB | 中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 0.8 | 20 | 10 | 95 | 2 | 中南段 MS |
18 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 2,250 | SW | 45 | 黄棕壤 YB | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.8 | 70 | 10 | 80 | 5-6 | 中南段 MS |
19 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 2,000 | NW | 30 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.3 | 80 | 15 | 95 | 3-4 | 中南段 MS |
20 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 1,750 | SE | 45 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.2 | 50 | 70 | 70 | 2-3 | 中南段 MS |
21 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 1,500 | NE | 40 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.2 | 40 | 70 | 60 | 1-2 | 中南段 MS |
22 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 1,250 | SE | 35 | 红壤 RS | 云南松林 C | 0.6 | 40 | 20 | 90 | 1-2 | 中南段 MS |
23 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 1,040 | W | 30 | 砖红壤 LS | 云南松林 C | 0.2 | 50 | 10 | 30 | 1 | 中南段 MS |
24 | 新平县戛洒 GX | 750 | NW | 30 | 砖红壤 LS | 干性常绿阔叶林 F | 0.2 | 40 | 60 | 40 | 1-2 | 中南段 MS |
25 | 新平县建兴 JX | 2,000 | S | 20 | 红壤 RS | 半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 0.2 | 80 | 20 | 90 | 8-10 | 南段 SZ |
26 | 新平县漠沙 MX | 1,750 | S | 40 | 红壤 RS | 云南松林 C | 0.4 | 30 | 60 | 80 | 5-8 | 南段 SZ |
27 | 新平县漠沙 MX | 1,550 | E | 15 | 黄红壤 YR | 针阔混交林 D | 0.1 | 60 | 60 | 80 | 5-8 | 南段 SZ |
28 | 新平县漠沙 MX | 1,250 | W | 25 | 黄红壤 YR | 针阔混交林 D | 0.3 | 50 | 60 | 80 | 8-10 | 南段 SZ |
29 | 新平县漠沙 MX | 1,050 | NE | 40 | 砖红壤 LS | 干性常绿阔叶林 F | 0.4 | 40 | 50 | 90 | 10-15 | 南段 SZ |
30 | 新平县漠沙 MX | 750 | S | 25 | 燥红壤 DR | 桉树林 G | 0.5 | 0.5 | 15 | 35 | 2-3 | 南段 SZ |
植被类型 Vegetation type | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 物种数目 Species number (S) | 个体密度(头/m2) Individual density (heads/m2) | Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') | Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index (E) | Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index (C) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 2,500 | 7 | 7.4 | 1.6919 | 0.8695 | 0.2140 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,250 | 9 | 68.0 | 1.4295 | 0.6506 | 0.3011 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,000 | 8 | 63.6 | 1.3049 | 0.6275 | 0.3913 |
云南松林 C | 1,750 | 10 | 145.0 | 1.3455 | 0.5843 | 0.3256 |
云南松林 C | 1,500 | 21 | 262.2 | 1.9317 | 0.6345 | 0.1963 |
针阔混交林 D | 1,250 | 12 | 73.2 | 1.5482 | 0.6230 | 0.3167 |
干热河谷稀树灌丛 E | 1,000 | 16 | 406.6 | 1.4961 | 0.5396 | 0.3499 |
北段垂直带 NZ | - | 56 | - | 2.7434 | 0.6815 | 0.1217 |
北段垂直带平均值 ANZ | 1,750 | 12 | 146.6 | 1.5354 | 0.6470 | 0.2993 |
中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 2,750 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - |
中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 2,500 | 3 | 47.0 | 0.4738 | 0.4313 | 0.7420 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,250 | 7 | 994.0 | 0.7272 | 0.3737 | 0.6407 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,000 | 9 | 30.6 | 1.4778 | 0.6726 | 0.3161 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 1,750 | 13 | 54.8 | 1.5216 | 0.5932 | 0.2752 |
针阔混交林 D | 1,500 | 13 | 334.6 | 1.6943 | 0.6606 | 0.2235 |
针阔混交林 D | 1,250 | 25 | 213.0 | 1.9728 | 0.6129 | 0.2241 |
针阔混交林 D | 1,000 | 23 | 376.2 | 2.0219 | 0.6448 | 0.1641 |
干热河谷稀树灌丛 E | 750 | 21 | 630.6 | 1.8712 | 0.6146 | 0.2118 |
中北段垂直带 MN | - | 72 | - | 2.6612 | 0.6223 | 0.1469 |
中北段垂直带平均值 AMN | 1,750 | 12 | 182.2 | 1.3067 | 0.5115 | 0.3108 |
中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 2,500 | 5 | 33.6 | 0.7117 | 0.4422 | 0.5573 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,250 | 4 | 83.2 | 1.0529 | 0.7595 | 0.3802 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,000 | 13 | 97.0 | 1.5831 | 0.6172 | 0.3056 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 1,750 | 23 | 243.6 | 1.9210 | 0.6126 | 0.2151 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 1,500 | 19 | 170.6 | 1.5142 | 0.5143 | 0.3336 |
云南松林 C | 1,250 | 19 | 164.4 | 1.9004 | 0.6454 | 0.2199 |
云南松林 C | 1,040 | 16 | 186.0 | 1.6716 | 0.6029 | 0.3304 |
干性常绿阔叶林 F | 750 | 27 | 339.0 | 2.0998 | 0.6371 | 0.1687 |
中南段垂直带 MS | - | 81 | - | 3.3638 | 0.7655 | 0.0490 |
中南段垂直带平均值 AMS | 1,630 | 16 | 164.7 | 1.5568 | 0.6039 | 0.3139 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,000 | 12 | 148.2 | 1.4206 | 0.5717 | 0.3480 |
云南松林 C | 1,750 | 19 | 176.2 | 2.2017 | 0.7478 | 0.1498 |
针阔混交林 D | 1,550 | 26 | 303.0 | 1.7909 | 0.5497 | 0.3171 |
针阔混交林 D | 1,250 | 24 | 103.6 | 2.4069 | 0.7574 | 0.1248 |
干性常绿阔叶林 F | 1,050 | 16 | 454.6 | 0.6027 | 0.2174 | 0.7773 |
桉树林 G | 750 | 10 | 28.2 | 1.1180 | 0.4855 | 0.4901 |
南段垂直带 SZ | - | 74 | - | 2.6352 | 0.6123 | 0.1470 |
南段垂直带平均值 ASZ | 1,392 | 18 | 202.3 | 1.5901 | 0.4303 | 0.3679 |
哀牢山东坡 EA | - | 150 | - | 3.6371 | 0.7258 | 0.0486 |
哀牢山东坡平均值 AEA | 1,646 | 14 | 173.9 | 1.4973 | 0.5482 | 0.3230 |
表2 哀牢山国家级自然保护区东坡蚂蚁群落主要指标
Table 2 Main indexes of ant communities on the east slope of Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve
植被类型 Vegetation type | 海拔 Altitude (m) | 物种数目 Species number (S) | 个体密度(头/m2) Individual density (heads/m2) | Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') | Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index (E) | Simpson优势度指数 Simpson dominance index (C) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 2,500 | 7 | 7.4 | 1.6919 | 0.8695 | 0.2140 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,250 | 9 | 68.0 | 1.4295 | 0.6506 | 0.3011 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,000 | 8 | 63.6 | 1.3049 | 0.6275 | 0.3913 |
云南松林 C | 1,750 | 10 | 145.0 | 1.3455 | 0.5843 | 0.3256 |
云南松林 C | 1,500 | 21 | 262.2 | 1.9317 | 0.6345 | 0.1963 |
针阔混交林 D | 1,250 | 12 | 73.2 | 1.5482 | 0.6230 | 0.3167 |
干热河谷稀树灌丛 E | 1,000 | 16 | 406.6 | 1.4961 | 0.5396 | 0.3499 |
北段垂直带 NZ | - | 56 | - | 2.7434 | 0.6815 | 0.1217 |
北段垂直带平均值 ANZ | 1,750 | 12 | 146.6 | 1.5354 | 0.6470 | 0.2993 |
中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 2,750 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - |
中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 2,500 | 3 | 47.0 | 0.4738 | 0.4313 | 0.7420 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,250 | 7 | 994.0 | 0.7272 | 0.3737 | 0.6407 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,000 | 9 | 30.6 | 1.4778 | 0.6726 | 0.3161 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 1,750 | 13 | 54.8 | 1.5216 | 0.5932 | 0.2752 |
针阔混交林 D | 1,500 | 13 | 334.6 | 1.6943 | 0.6606 | 0.2235 |
针阔混交林 D | 1,250 | 25 | 213.0 | 1.9728 | 0.6129 | 0.2241 |
针阔混交林 D | 1,000 | 23 | 376.2 | 2.0219 | 0.6448 | 0.1641 |
干热河谷稀树灌丛 E | 750 | 21 | 630.6 | 1.8712 | 0.6146 | 0.2118 |
中北段垂直带 MN | - | 72 | - | 2.6612 | 0.6223 | 0.1469 |
中北段垂直带平均值 AMN | 1,750 | 12 | 182.2 | 1.3067 | 0.5115 | 0.3108 |
中山湿性常绿阔叶林 A | 2,500 | 5 | 33.6 | 0.7117 | 0.4422 | 0.5573 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,250 | 4 | 83.2 | 1.0529 | 0.7595 | 0.3802 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,000 | 13 | 97.0 | 1.5831 | 0.6172 | 0.3056 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 1,750 | 23 | 243.6 | 1.9210 | 0.6126 | 0.2151 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 1,500 | 19 | 170.6 | 1.5142 | 0.5143 | 0.3336 |
云南松林 C | 1,250 | 19 | 164.4 | 1.9004 | 0.6454 | 0.2199 |
云南松林 C | 1,040 | 16 | 186.0 | 1.6716 | 0.6029 | 0.3304 |
干性常绿阔叶林 F | 750 | 27 | 339.0 | 2.0998 | 0.6371 | 0.1687 |
中南段垂直带 MS | - | 81 | - | 3.3638 | 0.7655 | 0.0490 |
中南段垂直带平均值 AMS | 1,630 | 16 | 164.7 | 1.5568 | 0.6039 | 0.3139 |
半湿润常绿阔叶林 B | 2,000 | 12 | 148.2 | 1.4206 | 0.5717 | 0.3480 |
云南松林 C | 1,750 | 19 | 176.2 | 2.2017 | 0.7478 | 0.1498 |
针阔混交林 D | 1,550 | 26 | 303.0 | 1.7909 | 0.5497 | 0.3171 |
针阔混交林 D | 1,250 | 24 | 103.6 | 2.4069 | 0.7574 | 0.1248 |
干性常绿阔叶林 F | 1,050 | 16 | 454.6 | 0.6027 | 0.2174 | 0.7773 |
桉树林 G | 750 | 10 | 28.2 | 1.1180 | 0.4855 | 0.4901 |
南段垂直带 SZ | - | 74 | - | 2.6352 | 0.6123 | 0.1470 |
南段垂直带平均值 ASZ | 1,392 | 18 | 202.3 | 1.5901 | 0.4303 | 0.3679 |
哀牢山东坡 EA | - | 150 | - | 3.6371 | 0.7258 | 0.0486 |
哀牢山东坡平均值 AEA | 1,646 | 14 | 173.9 | 1.4973 | 0.5482 | 0.3230 |
图1 哀牢山国家级自然保护区东坡蚂蚁群落物种数、个体密度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数沿海拔(A, D, G)、乔木郁闭度(B, E, H)、草本盖度(C, F)梯度的变化
Fig. 1 Variation of species number, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and individual density of ant community along elevation (A, D, G), tree canopy density (B, E, H) and herb coverage (C, F) gradients on the east slope of Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve
垂直带 Vertical zone | 多样性指标 Diversity index | 海拔 Altitude# | 乔木郁闭度 Canopy density # | 灌木盖度 Shrub coverage | 草本盖度 Herbal coverage | 地被物盖度 Litter coverage | 地被物厚度 Litter thickness |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
北段 North | 物种数目 SN | -0.7078ns | -0.7290ns | 0.6413ns | 0.5287ns | 0.0445ns | -0.4792ns |
个体密度 ID | -0.7712* | -0.7392ns | 0.7577* | 0.6362ns | 0.1140ns | -0.3586ns | |
多样性指数 DI | -0.0982ns | -0.1418ns | 0.1926ns | 0.0075ns | 0.2601ns | 0.0562ns | |
中北段 Mid-north | 物种数目 SN | -0.9479*** | -0.6540ns | -0.6878* | -0.1300ns | -0.5161ns | -0.7521* |
个体密度 ID | -0.3078ns/-0.8701** | -0.4200ns/-0.4661ns | -0.2683ns | 0.5425ns | -0.3829ns | -0.5597ns | |
多样性指数 DI | -0.9082** | -0.5701ns | -0.6522ns | 0.0342ns | -0.1603ns | -0.5775ns | |
中南段 Mid-south | 物种数目 SN | -0.8262* | -0.7986* | -0.1610ns | 0.7571* | -0.5435ns | -0.6025ns |
个体密度 ID | -0.8441** | -0.7222* | -0.1196ns | 0.7064ns | -0.7068* | -0.4569ns | |
多样性指数 DI | -0.8387** | -0.7444* | 0.1236ns | 0.5429ns | -0.4793ns | -0.4287ns | |
南段 South | 物种数目 SN | 0.1985ns | -0.5696ns | 0.3329ns | 0.8958* | 0.4185ns | 0.1971ns |
个体密度 ID | 0.0371ns | -0.2387ns | 0.2882ns | 0.4629ns | 0.6220ns | 0.7107ns | |
多样性指数 DI | 0.4275ns | -0.3104ns | 0.1943ns | 0.5294ns | 0.1383ns | -0.2121ns | |
整体 Whole | 物种数目 SN | -0.7369*** | -0.6964*** | -0.0339ns | 0.4573* | -0.2869ns | -0.0321ns |
个体密度 ID | -0.3352ns/-0.6745*** | -0.4351*/-0.5228** | 0.0715ns | 0.2449ns | -0.1626ns | -0.0642ns | |
多样性指数 DI | -0.4559* | -0.4250* | -0.0812ns | 0.2785ns | -0.1234ns | -0.1339ns |
表3 哀牢山国家级自然保护区东坡蚂蚁物种多样性与海拔及植被特征的Pearson相关系数
Table 3 Pearson’s correlation coefficients between ant species diversity and elevation and vegetation features on the east slope of Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve
垂直带 Vertical zone | 多样性指标 Diversity index | 海拔 Altitude# | 乔木郁闭度 Canopy density # | 灌木盖度 Shrub coverage | 草本盖度 Herbal coverage | 地被物盖度 Litter coverage | 地被物厚度 Litter thickness |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
北段 North | 物种数目 SN | -0.7078ns | -0.7290ns | 0.6413ns | 0.5287ns | 0.0445ns | -0.4792ns |
个体密度 ID | -0.7712* | -0.7392ns | 0.7577* | 0.6362ns | 0.1140ns | -0.3586ns | |
多样性指数 DI | -0.0982ns | -0.1418ns | 0.1926ns | 0.0075ns | 0.2601ns | 0.0562ns | |
中北段 Mid-north | 物种数目 SN | -0.9479*** | -0.6540ns | -0.6878* | -0.1300ns | -0.5161ns | -0.7521* |
个体密度 ID | -0.3078ns/-0.8701** | -0.4200ns/-0.4661ns | -0.2683ns | 0.5425ns | -0.3829ns | -0.5597ns | |
多样性指数 DI | -0.9082** | -0.5701ns | -0.6522ns | 0.0342ns | -0.1603ns | -0.5775ns | |
中南段 Mid-south | 物种数目 SN | -0.8262* | -0.7986* | -0.1610ns | 0.7571* | -0.5435ns | -0.6025ns |
个体密度 ID | -0.8441** | -0.7222* | -0.1196ns | 0.7064ns | -0.7068* | -0.4569ns | |
多样性指数 DI | -0.8387** | -0.7444* | 0.1236ns | 0.5429ns | -0.4793ns | -0.4287ns | |
南段 South | 物种数目 SN | 0.1985ns | -0.5696ns | 0.3329ns | 0.8958* | 0.4185ns | 0.1971ns |
个体密度 ID | 0.0371ns | -0.2387ns | 0.2882ns | 0.4629ns | 0.6220ns | 0.7107ns | |
多样性指数 DI | 0.4275ns | -0.3104ns | 0.1943ns | 0.5294ns | 0.1383ns | -0.2121ns | |
整体 Whole | 物种数目 SN | -0.7369*** | -0.6964*** | -0.0339ns | 0.4573* | -0.2869ns | -0.0321ns |
个体密度 ID | -0.3352ns/-0.6745*** | -0.4351*/-0.5228** | 0.0715ns | 0.2449ns | -0.1626ns | -0.0642ns | |
多样性指数 DI | -0.4559* | -0.4250* | -0.0812ns | 0.2785ns | -0.1234ns | -0.1339ns |
垂直带 Vertical zone | 北段 North zone | 中北段 Mid-north zone | 中南段 Mid-south zone |
---|---|---|---|
中北段 Mid-north zone | 0.3617 | ||
中南段 Mid-south zone | 0.3431 | 0.4434 | |
南段 South zone | 0.2150 | 0.2686 | 0.2810 |
表4 哀牢山国家级自然保护区东坡4个垂直带蚂蚁群落之间的相似性系数(q)
Table 4 Jaccard similarity coefficients (q) between ant communities from the 4 vertical zones on the east slope of Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve
垂直带 Vertical zone | 北段 North zone | 中北段 Mid-north zone | 中南段 Mid-south zone |
---|---|---|---|
中北段 Mid-north zone | 0.3617 | ||
中南段 Mid-south zone | 0.3431 | 0.4434 | |
南段 South zone | 0.2150 | 0.2686 | 0.2810 |
比较类型 Contrast type | 垂直带 Vertical zone | 基于物种组成的差异 Incidence-based dissimilarity | 基于物种多度的差异 Abundance-based dissimilarity | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
更替 Turnover (βsim) | 嵌套 Nestedness (βnes) | 总相异性 Total dissimilarity (βsor) | βsim/βnes | 更替 Turnover (βbal) | 嵌套 Nestedness (βgra) | 总相异性 Total dissimilarity (βbc) | βbal/βgra | ||
海拔间 Inter-elevation | 北段 North | 0.8280 | 0.0428 | 0.8707 | 19.3662 | 0.8880 | 0.0626 | 0.9506 | 14.1811 |
中北段 Mid-north | 0.7687 | 0.0748 | 0.8434 | 10.2809 | 0.9054 | 0.0371 | 0.9425 | 24.3963 | |
中南段 Mid-south | 0.8000 | 0.0634 | 0.8634 | 12.6101 | 0.9401 | 0.0151 | 0.9552 | 62.1796 | |
南段 South | 0.7921 | 0.0412 | 0.8334 | 19.2089 | 0.8385 | 0.0771 | 0.9156 | 10.8773 | |
整体 Whole | 0.6625 | 0.0814 | 0.7439 | 8.1359 | 0.8333 | 0.0581 | 0.8915 | 14.3332 | |
垂直带间 Inter-vertical zone | - | 0.4532 | 0.0536 | 0.5068 | 8.4603 | 0.7379 | 0.0692 | 0.8071 | 10.6579 |
表5 配对法计算的哀牢山国家级自然保护区东坡4个垂直带的β多样性指标平均值
Table 5 Average β diversity indexes from the four vertical zones on the east slope of Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve based on pairwise measuring method
比较类型 Contrast type | 垂直带 Vertical zone | 基于物种组成的差异 Incidence-based dissimilarity | 基于物种多度的差异 Abundance-based dissimilarity | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
更替 Turnover (βsim) | 嵌套 Nestedness (βnes) | 总相异性 Total dissimilarity (βsor) | βsim/βnes | 更替 Turnover (βbal) | 嵌套 Nestedness (βgra) | 总相异性 Total dissimilarity (βbc) | βbal/βgra | ||
海拔间 Inter-elevation | 北段 North | 0.8280 | 0.0428 | 0.8707 | 19.3662 | 0.8880 | 0.0626 | 0.9506 | 14.1811 |
中北段 Mid-north | 0.7687 | 0.0748 | 0.8434 | 10.2809 | 0.9054 | 0.0371 | 0.9425 | 24.3963 | |
中南段 Mid-south | 0.8000 | 0.0634 | 0.8634 | 12.6101 | 0.9401 | 0.0151 | 0.9552 | 62.1796 | |
南段 South | 0.7921 | 0.0412 | 0.8334 | 19.2089 | 0.8385 | 0.0771 | 0.9156 | 10.8773 | |
整体 Whole | 0.6625 | 0.0814 | 0.7439 | 8.1359 | 0.8333 | 0.0581 | 0.8915 | 14.3332 | |
垂直带间 Inter-vertical zone | - | 0.4532 | 0.0536 | 0.5068 | 8.4603 | 0.7379 | 0.0692 | 0.8071 | 10.6579 |
图2 哀牢山国家级自然保护区东坡海拔梯度上相邻样地间蚂蚁群落的差异分析(beta多样性)。(A)基于物种是否发生的更替(βsim)和嵌套(βnes)组分; (B)基于物种多度的更替(βbal)和嵌套(βgra)组分。
Fig. 2 Dissimilarity analysis (beta diversity) of ant communities from adjoin sample-plot pairs on the elevational gradient on the east slope of Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve. (A) Incidence-based turnover (βsim) and nestedness (βnes); (B) Abundance-based turnover (βbal) and nestedness (βgra).
图3 哀牢山国家级自然保护区东坡相同海拔梯度上不同垂直带间蚂蚁群落差异均值。Beta多样性组分分解同图2。
Fig. 3 Average beta diversity of ant communities in different altitudinal zones on the same elevational gradient on the east slope of Ailao Mountain National Nature Reserve. The decomposition of beta diversity components is similar to Fig. 2.
[1] | Andersen AN (1990) The use of ant communities to evaluate change in Australian terrestrial ecosystems: A review and a recipe. Proceedings of the Ecological Society of Australia, 16, 347-357. |
[2] |
Baselga A (2010) Partitioning the turnover and nestedness components of beta diversity. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 19, 134-143.
DOI URL |
[3] |
Baselga A (2012) Betapart: An R package for the study of beta diversity. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 3, 808-812.
DOI URL |
[4] | Baselga A (2017) Partitioning abundance-based multiple-site dissimilarity into components: Balanced variation in abundance and abundance gradients. Methods in Ecology & Evolution, 8, 799-808. |
[5] | Bharti H, Sharma YP, Bharti M, Pfeiffer M (2013) Ant species richness, endemicity and functional groups, along an elevational gradient in the Himalayas. Asian Myrmecology, 5, 79-101. |
[6] | Bingham CT (1903) The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Hymenoptera, Vol. II. Ants and Cuckoo-wasps. Taylor and Francis, London. |
[7] |
Bishop TR, Robertson MP, van Rensburg BJ, Parr CL (2015) Contrasting species and functional beta diversity in montane ant assemblages. Journal of Biogeography, 42, 1776-1786.
PMID |
[8] | Bolton B (1994) Identification Guide to the Ant Genera of the World. Harvard University Press, Cambridge. |
[9] | Bolton B (2023) An Online Catalog of the Ants of the World. http://www.antcat.org/. (accessed on 2023-07-12) |
[10] |
Botes A, McGeoch MA, Robertson HG, van Niekerk A, Davids HP, Chown SL (2006) Ants, altitude and change in the northern cape floristic region. Journal of Biogeography, 33, 71-90.
DOI URL |
[11] | Chen Y, Luo CW, Xu ZH (2008) Vertical distribution of ants in Ailao Mountain Nature Reserve. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 36(7), 65-68. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[陈友, 罗长维, 徐正会 (2008) 哀牢山自然保护区西坡蚂蚁分布规律. 东北林业大学学报, 36(7), 65-68.] | |
[12] | Chen Y, Luo CW, Xu ZH, Chai ZQ, Zhou XG (2007a) A study of ants’ species composition and their dominant species on the west slope of Mt. Ailao. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 27(6), 92-96. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[陈友, 罗长维, 徐正会, 柴正群, 周兴国 (2007a) 哀牢山西坡蚂蚁物种及优势种的研究. 中南林业科技大学学报, 27(6), 92-96.] | |
[13] | Chen Y, Luo CW, Xu ZH, Wang WH, He ZH (2007b) Ant species diversity on west slope of Ailao Mountain. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 35(10), 57-60. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[陈友, 罗长维, 徐正会, 王文华, 何宗辉 (2007b) 哀牢山西坡蚂蚁的多样性. 东北林业大学学报, 35(10), 57-60.] | |
[14] | Cui WX, Fang H, Xu ZH, Du H, Yang R, Wang XB (2023) Ant species diversity and distribution patterns in Wenshan National Nature Reserve. Journal of Forest and Environment, 43(1), 103-112. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[崔文夏, 房华, 徐正会, 都红, 杨蕊, 王戌勃 (2023) 文山国家级自然保护区蚂蚁多样性与分布格局. 森林与环境学报, 43(1), 103-112.] | |
[15] | Flores O, Seoane J, Hevia V, Azcárate FM (2018) Spatial patterns of species richness and nestedness in ant assemblages along an elevational gradient in a Mediterranean mountain range. PLoS ONE, 13, e0204787. |
[16] |
Fontanilla AM, Nakamura A, Xu ZH, Cao M, Kitching RL, Tang Y, Burwell CJ (2019) Taxonomic and functional ant diversity along tropical, subtropical, and subalpine elevational transects in southwest China. Insects, 10, 128.
DOI URL |
[17] | Hammer Ø, Harper D, Ryan P (2001) PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontologia Electronica, 4, 4. https://www.nhm.uio.no/english/research/resources/past/. |
[18] | Harrison S, Ross SJ, Lawton JH (1992) Beta diversity on geographic gradients in Britain. The Journal of Animal Ecology, 61, 61-75. |
[19] |
Hoffmann BD (2010) Ecological restoration following the local eradication of an invasive ant in northern Australia. Biological Invasions, 12, 959-969.
DOI URL |
[20] | Hölldobler B, Wilson EO (1990) The Ants. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge. |
[21] | Huang Z, Xu ZH, Liu X, Li LM, Wang YL, Shi SH, Shi Y, Chen ZF (2019) Ant species diversity in northeastern Yunnan. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 38, 3697-3705. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[黄钊, 徐正会, 刘霞, 李丽梅, 王亚丽, 史生慧, 石云, 陈志峰 (2019) 滇东北地区的蚂蚁物种多样性. 生态学杂志, 38, 3697-3705.] | |
[22] |
James A, Pitchford JW, Plank MJ (2012) Disentangling nestedness from models of ecological complexity. Nature, 487, 227-230.
DOI |
[23] |
Lessard JP, Dunn RR, Parker CR, Sanders NJ (2007) Rarity and diversity in forest ant assemblages of Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Southeastern Naturalist, 6, 215-228.
DOI URL |
[24] | Li B, Xiong ZP, Xu ZH, Liu X, Zhai J, Xu GL, Zhou XY (2022) Ant species diversity of upper Yarlung Zangbo Valley and southwest slope of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (Natural Science Edition), 51, 267-274. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[李彪, 熊忠平, 徐正会, 刘霞, 翟奖, 许国莲, 周雪英 (2022) 雅鲁藏布河谷上游及青藏高原西南坡蚂蚁物种多样性. 福建农林大学学报(自然科学版), 51, 267-274.] | |
[25] | Li Q, Chen YQ, Guo X, Chen YL (2006) Arthropod used as bio-indicator to assess the success of ecological restoration. Journal of Central South Forestry University, 26(3), 117-122. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[李巧, 陈又清, 郭萧, 陈彦林 (2006) 节肢动物作为生物指示物对生态恢复的评价. 中南林学院学报, 26(3), 117-122.] | |
[26] | Li WQ, Xu ZH, Zhou XY, Li AN (2016) Ant species diversity of Mount Everest section of the Himalaya Mountains. Journal of Southwest Forestry University, 36, 114-120. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[李文琼, 徐正会, 周雪英, 李安娜 (2016) 喜马拉雅山珠峰段的蚂蚁物种多样性. 西南林业大学学报, 36, 114-120.] | |
[27] | Longino JT, Branstetter MG, Ward PS (2019) Ant diversity patterns across tropical elevation gradients: Effects of sampling method and subcommunity. Ecosphere, 10(8), 1-10. |
[28] | Marathe A, Priyadarsanan DR, Krishnaswamy J, Shanker K (2020) Spatial and climatic variables independently drive elevational gradients in ant species richness in the Eastern Himalaya. PLoS ONE, 15, e0227628. |
[29] | Nowrouzi S, Andersen AN, MacFadyen S, Staunton KM, VanDerWal J, Robson SKA (2016) Ant diversity and distribution along elevation gradients in the Australian wet tropics: The importance of seasonal moisture stability. PLoS ONE, 11, e0153420. |
[30] |
Osborn F, Goitia W, Cabrera M, Jaff K (1999) Ants, plants and butterflies as diversity indicators: Comparisons between strata at six forest sites in Venezuela. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 34, 59-64.
DOI URL |
[31] |
Pacheco R, Vasconcelos HL (2012) Habitat diversity enhances ant diversity in a naturally heterogeneous Brazilian landscape. Biodiversity and Conservation, 21, 797-809.
DOI URL |
[32] |
Patterson BD, Atmar W (1986) Nested subsets and the structure of insular mammalian faunas and archipelagos. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 28, 65-82.
DOI URL |
[33] |
Si XF, Zhao YH, Chen CW, Ren P, Zeng D, Wu LB, Ding P (2017) Beta-diversity partitioning: Methods, applications and perspectives. Biodiversity Science, 25, 464-480. (in Chinese with English abstract)
DOI |
[斯幸峰, 赵郁豪, 陈传武, 任鹏, 曾頔, 吴玲兵, 丁平 (2017) Beta多样性分解: 方法、应用与展望. 生物多样性, 25, 464-480.]
DOI |
|
[34] |
Subedi IP, Budha PB (2020) Diversity and distribution patterns of ants along elevational gradients. Nepalese Journal of Zoology, 4, 44-49.
DOI URL |
[35] | Tang J, Li S, Huang EY (1995) Economic Insect Fauna of China. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
[唐觉, 李参, 黄恩友 (1995) 中国经济昆虫志. 科学出版社, 北京.] | |
[36] |
Van Hamburg H, Andersen AN, Meyer WJ, Robertson HG (2004) Ant community development on rehabilitated ash dams in the South African highveld. Restoration Ecology, 12, 552-558.
DOI URL |
[37] | Wang ZY, Lu YC, Wang HF (1996) The ecological distribution of soil mites in Jiuhua Mountains. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 16, 58-64. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[王宗英, 路有成, 王慧芙 (1996) 九华山土壤螨类的生态分布. 生态学报, 16, 58-64.] | |
[38] |
Wendt FC, Ceia-Hasse A, Nunes A, Verble R, Santini G, Boieiro M, Branquinho C (2021) Local environmental variables are key drivers of ant taxonomic and functional beta-diversity in a Mediterranean dryland. Scientific Reports, 11, 2292.
DOI PMID |
[39] |
Whittaker RH (1960) Vegetation of the Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon and California. Ecological Monographs, 30, 279-338.
DOI URL |
[40] | Williams PH (1996) Mapping variations in the strength and breadth of biogeographic transition zones using species turnover. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 263, 579-588. |
[41] | Wu J, Wang CL (1995) The Ants of China. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
[吴坚, 王常禄 (1995) 中国蚂蚁. 中国林业出版社, 北京.] | |
[42] | Xu YC, Jiang HQ (1988) Report Collection of a Comprehensive Survey of Ailao Mountains Nature Reserve. Yunnan Minority Nationalities Publishing House, Kunming. (in Chinese) |
[徐永椿, 姜汉侨 (1988) 哀牢山自然保护区综合考察报告集. 云南民族出版社, 昆明.] | |
[43] | Xu ZH (2002) A Study on the Biodiversity of Formicidae Ants of Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve. Yunnan Science and Technology Press, Kunming. (in Chinese) |
[徐正会 (2002) 西双版纳自然保护区蚁科昆虫生物多样性研究. 云南科技出版社, 昆明.] | |
[44] | Xu ZH, Chu JJ, Zhang CL, Yu NN (2011) Ant species and distribution pattern in Gongbo Nature Reserve in southeastern Tibet. Sichuan Journal of Zoology, 30, 118-123. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[徐正会, 褚姣娇, 张成林, 于娜娜 (2011) 藏东南工布自然保护区的蚂蚁种类及分布格局. 四川动物, 30, 118-123.] | |
[45] | Xu ZH, Zeng G, Liu TY, He YF (1999) A study on communities of Formicidae ants in different subtypes of vegetation in Xishuangbanna district of China. Zoological Research, 20, 118-125. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[徐正会, 曾光, 柳太勇, 何云峰 (1999) 西双版纳地区不同植被亚型蚁科昆虫群落研究. 动物学研究, 20, 118-125.] | |
[46] |
Yang YY, Zhou Y, Shi Z, Viscarra Rossel RA, Liang ZZ, Wang HZ, Zhou LQ, Yu W (2020) Interactive effects of elevation and land use on soil bacterial communities in the Tibetan Plateau. Pedosphere, 30, 817-831.
DOI URL |
[47] | Zhou SY (2001) Ants of Guangxi. Guangxi Normal University Press, Guilin. (in Chinese) |
[周善义 (2001) 广西蚂蚁. 广西师范大学出版社, 桂林.] |
[1] | 姜熠辉, 刘岳, 曾旭, 林喆滢, 王楠, 彭吉豪, 曹玲, 曾聪. 东海六个国家级海洋保护区鱼类多样性和连通性[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(6): 24128-. |
[2] | 田瑜, 李俊生. 《昆明-蒙特利尔全球生物多样性框架》“3030”目标的内涵及实现路径分析[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(6): 24086-. |
[3] | 连佳丽, 陈婧, 杨雪琴, 赵莹, 罗叙, 韩翠, 赵雅欣, 李建平. 荒漠草原植物多样性和微生物多样性对降水变化的响应[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(6): 24044-. |
[4] | 程建伟, 徐满厚, 窦永静, 王亚东, 王桠楠, 刘新民, 李永宏. 内蒙古典型草原马粪分解过程中节肢动物群落的季节动态变化[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(6): 24018-. |
[5] | 马碧玉. 印度《生物多样性法》修订述要及对我国完善生物多样性保护法制的启示[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(5): 23412-. |
[6] | 蔡颖莉, 朱洪革, 李家欣. 中国生物多样性保护政策演进、主要措施与发展趋势[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(5): 23386-. |
[7] | 艾妍雨, 胡海霞, 沈婷, 莫雨轩, 杞金华, 宋亮. 附生维管植物多样性及其与宿主特征的相关性: 以哀牢山中山湿性常绿阔叶林为例[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(5): 24072-. |
[8] | 鄢德奎. 中国生物多样性保护政策的共同要素、不足和优化建议[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(5): 23293-. |
[9] | 赵富伟, 李颖硕, 陈慧. 新时期我国生物多样性法制建设思考[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(5): 24027-. |
[10] | 郑梦瑶, 李媛, 王雪蓉, 张越, 贾彤. 芦芽山不同植被类型土壤原生动物群落构建机制[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(4): 23419-. |
[11] | 刘荆州, 钱易鑫, 张燕雪丹, 崔凤. 基于潜在迪利克雷分布(LDA)模型的旗舰物种范式研究进展与启示[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(4): 23439-. |
[12] | 曲锐, 左振君, 王有鑫, 张良键, 吴志刚, 乔秀娟, 王忠. 基于元素组的生物地球化学生态位及其在不同生态系统中的应用[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(4): 23378-. |
[13] | 李斌, 宋鹏飞, 顾海峰, 徐波, 刘道鑫, 江峰, 梁程博, 张萌, 高红梅, 蔡振媛, 张同作. 昆仑山青海片区鸟类群落多样性格局及其驱动因素[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(4): 23406-. |
[14] | 吴乐婕, 刘泽康, 田星, 张群, 李博, 吴纪华. 海三棱藨草基因型多样性对种群营养生长和繁殖策略的影响[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(4): 23478-. |
[15] | 李雪萌, 蒋际宝, 张曾鲁, 刘晓静, 王亚利, 吴宜钊, 李银生, 邱江平, 赵琦. 宝天曼国家级自然保护区蚯蚓物种多样性及其影响因素[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(4): 23352-. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||
备案号:京ICP备16067583号-7
Copyright © 2022 版权所有 《生物多样性》编辑部
地址: 北京香山南辛村20号, 邮编:100093
电话: 010-62836137, 62836665 E-mail: biodiversity@ibcas.ac.cn