千岛湖陆桥岛屿繁殖鸟类的扩散能力差异 对群落动态的影响

doi:10.17520/biods.2016209

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

岛屿生物地理学理论的核心过程是岛屿物种的周转, 包括迁入与灭绝。本研究旨在探讨扩散能力差异对岛屿繁殖鸟类群落动态的影响。2007年4月至2013年6月, 采用样线法调查了千岛湖36个陆桥岛屿的繁殖鸟类, 依据扩散能力强弱将其划分为两类, 结合陆桥岛屿参数, 并运用逻辑斯蒂回归模型和最大似然法, 来研究鸟类扩散能力的不同对其周转率的影响。结果表明, 千岛湖繁殖鸟类扩散能力强的物种具有较高周转率且受岛屿参数约束较小, 而扩散能力弱的物种周转率较低且对岛屿参数变化更敏感。因此, 千岛湖陆桥岛屿繁殖鸟类的扩散能力显著影响其群落动态。

关键词: 周转率, 迁入率, 灭绝率, 群落动态, 繁殖鸟类, 千岛湖

Abstract

Island biogeography theory is an important part of community ecology, and its core process is species turnover, which is determined by species colonization and extinction. A large number of studies have shown that community dynamics of many biotic taxa can be affected by their dispersal abilities. Our study explored the effects of dispersal abilities on community dynamics of breeding birds. Between April 2007 and June 2013, we surveyed bird communities using line-transects on 36 land-bridge islands during breeding seasons in the Thousand Island Lake, China. We divided breeding birds into two types according to their dispersal abilities. We then used multivariate logistic regression and the maximum likelihood method to estimate the biogeographical parameters and to analyze community dynamics of these breeding birds. Results showed that birds with strong dispersal abilities have been less affected by island parameters than others, with a higher turnover rate. Therefore, the difference of dispersal abilities of breeding birds has significant effects on their community dynamics on the land-bridge islands in the Thousand Island Lake, China.

Key words: turnover rate, colonization rate, extinction rate, community dynamics, breeding birds, Thousand Island Lake

吴奕如, 斯幸峰, 陈传武, 曾頔, 赵郁豪, 李家琦, 丁平 (2016) 千岛湖陆桥岛屿繁殖鸟类的扩散能力差异对群落动态的影响. 生物多样性, 24, 1135-1145. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016209.

Yiru Wu, Xingfeng Si, Chuanwu Chen, Di Zeng, Yuhao Zhao, Jiaqi Li, Ping Ding (2016) Effects of dispersal abilities on community dynamics of breeding birds on the land-bridge islands in the Thousand Island Lake, China. Biodiversity Science, 24, 1135-1145. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2016209.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2016209

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2016/V24/I10/1135

图/表 7

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岛屿编号 Island code	面积 Area (ha)	隔离度 Isolation (m)	样线长度 Total length of transects (m)
1	1,289.23	897	3,200
2	143.19	1,415	1,600
3	109.03	965	1,600
4	55.08	954	800
5	46.37	730	800
6	35.64	2,110	800
7	32.29	1,937	800
8	5.69	22	375
9	3.42	583	300
10	2.90	1,785	275
11	2.83	1,238	150
12	2.29	974	300
13	2.23	3,262	400
14	2.00	1,042	300
15	1.93	888	250
16	1.74	2,293	300
17	1.54	711	375
18	1.52	850	250
19	1.40	1,760	375
20	1.26	55	200
21	1.20	658	225
22	1.20	2,129	225
23	1.17	2,453	250
24	1.15	847	275
25	1.03	1,459	250
26	1.01	2,104	250
27	0.96	3,134	250
28	0.91	1,340	275
29	0.86	2,322	225
30	0.83	2,299	275
31	0.83	1,099	250
32	0.80	2,098	300
33	0.67	1,140	325
34	0.59	641	225
35	0.59	1,018	250
36	0.57	3,712	200

岛屿编号 Island code	面积 Area (ha)	隔离度 Isolation (m)	样线长度 Total length of transects (m)
1	1,289.23	897	3,200
2	143.19	1,415	1,600
3	109.03	965	1,600
4	55.08	954	800
5	46.37	730	800
6	35.64	2,110	800
7	32.29	1,937	800
8	5.69	22	375
9	3.42	583	300
10	2.90	1,785	275
11	2.83	1,238	150
12	2.29	974	300
13	2.23	3,262	400
14	2.00	1,042	300
15	1.93	888	250
16	1.74	2,293	300
17	1.54	711	375
18	1.52	850	250
19	1.40	1,760	375
20	1.26	55	200
21	1.20	658	225
22	1.20	2,129	225
23	1.17	2,453	250
24	1.15	847	275
25	1.03	1,459	250
26	1.01	2,104	250
27	0.96	3,134	250
28	0.91	1,340	275
29	0.86	2,322	225
30	0.83	2,299	275
31	0.83	1,099	250
32	0.80	2,098	300
33	0.67	1,140	325
34	0.59	641	225
35	0.59	1,018	250
36	0.57	3,712	200

物种丰富度 Species richness	系数 Coefficient
物种丰富度 Species richness	面积 Area	隔离度 Isolation	截距 Intercept	R²	F
鸟类物种 All birds	0.699***	-0.140	39.548***	0.534	18.896***
扩散能力强的鸟类 Birds with strong dispersal ability	0.709***	-0.097	15.408***	0.530	18.606***
扩散能力弱的鸟类 Birds with low dispersal ability	0.693***	-0.163	24.140***	0.536	19.053***

物种丰富度 Species richness	系数 Coefficient
物种丰富度 Species richness	面积 Area	隔离度 Isolation	截距 Intercept	R²	F
鸟类物种 All birds	0.699***	-0.140	39.548***	0.534	18.896***
扩散能力强的鸟类 Birds with strong dispersal ability	0.709***	-0.097	15.408***	0.530	18.606***
扩散能力弱的鸟类 Birds with low dispersal ability	0.693***	-0.163	24.140***	0.536	19.053***

岛屿 Island	迁入率 Colonization rate (λ)		灭绝率 Extinction rate (μ)		周转率 Turnover rate (T)		物种丰富度 Species richness (S)
岛屿 Island	强 Strong	弱 Low	强 Strong	弱 Low	强 Strong	弱 Low	强 Strong	弱 Low
1	0.146	0.163	0.300	0.120	0.256	0.101	33.85	57.41
2	0.108	0.132	0.313	0.179	0.280	0.156	25.88	42.62
3	0.104	0.129	0.316	0.187	0.283	0.162	24.91	41.26
4	0.094	0.121	0.321	0.209	0.291	0.184	22.72	37.02
5	0.092	0.120	0.323	0.214	0.293	0.188	22.15	36.24
6	0.088	0.115	0.322	0.227	0.294	0.201	21.50	33.72
7	0.087	0.114	0.323	0.231	0.295	0.204	21.19	33.23
8	0.068	0.107	0.349	0.282	0.325	0.252	15.99	27.74
9	0.063	0.094	0.343	0.318	0.321	0.288	15.15	22.90
10	0.061	0.090	0.341	0.331	0.320	0.301	14.88	21.46
11	0.061	0.091	0.342	0.330	0.321	0.300	14.79	21.60
12	0.059	0.089	0.344	0.339	0.324	0.309	14.30	20.90
13	0.059	0.087	0.341	0.346	0.321	0.316	14.36	20.05
14	0.058	0.088	0.345	0.345	0.325	0.315	14.01	20.33
15	0.057	0.085	0.346	0.346	0.326	0.316	13.92	20.29
16	0.056	0.087	0.344	0.356	0.325	0.326	13.79	19.32
17	0.055	0.086	0.348	0.356	0.329	0.325	13.42	19.57
18	0.055	0.084	0.348	0.358	0.329	0.327	13.41	19.41
19	0.055	0.090	0.346	0.365	0.327	0.334	13.31	18.69
20	0.054	0.085	0.357	0.353	0.338	0.321	12.78	20.41
21	0.053	0.082	0.350	0.368	0.332	0.337	12.91	18.70
22	0.053	0.082	0.347	0.373	0.328	0.343	13.01	18.04
23	0.053	0.082	0.347	0.375	0.328	0.345	12.97	17.87
24	0.053	0.084	0.350	0.371	0.331	0.340	12.84	18.41
25	0.052	0.082	0.349	0.379	0.331	0.348	12.67	17.72
26	0.052	0.081	0.348	0.382	0.330	0.351	12.66	17.46
27	0.052	0.080	0.348	0.386	0.330	0.355	12.60	17.08
28	0.051	0.081	0.350	0.385	0.332	0.353	12.42	17.35
29	0.051	0.080	0.349	0.390	0.332	0.359	12.36	16.88
30	0.051	0.079	0.350	0.392	0.332	0.361	12.29	16.77
31	0.051	0.081	0.352	0.388	0.334	0.357	12.22	17.15
32	0.050	0.079	0.350	0.393	0.333	0.362	12.21	16.70
33	0.049	0.079	0.353	0.399	0.336	0.368	11.82	16.45
34	0.048	0.079	0.356	0.402	0.339	0.371	11.54	16.34
35	0.048	0.078	0.355	0.405	0.338	0.373	11.58	16.11
36	0.048	0.076	0.351	0.413	0.334	0.382	11.62	15.37