浙江西门岛海洋特别保护区大型底栖动物功能群特征及其与环境的关系

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2013.08151

生物多样性 ›› 2013, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (1): 3-10. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2013.08151

浙江西门岛海洋特别保护区大型底栖动物功能群特征及其与环境的关系

廖一波^1,², 寿鹿^2,³, 曾江宁^2,^*(), 高爱根², 汤雁滨², 严小军¹, 陈全震²

1 宁波大学海洋学院, 宁波 315211
2 国家海洋局第二海洋研究所, 国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室, 杭州 310012
3 南京师范大学生命科学学院, 南京 210097

收稿日期:2012-07-29 接受日期:2012-10-21 出版日期:2013-01-20 发布日期:2013-02-04
通讯作者: 曾江宁
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划(973 计划)(2010CB428903);海洋公益性行业科研专项(200905011);浙江省海水养殖重点科技创新团队(2010R50025);浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室开放基金(2010F30003)

Functional groups of marine macrobenthos in relation to environmental factors around the Ximen Island National Marine Special Reserve, Zhejiang

Yibo Liao^1,², Lu Shou^2,³, Jiangning Zeng^2,^*(), Aigen Gao², Yanbin Tang², Xiaojun Yan¹, Quanzhen Chen²

1 School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211
2 Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration, Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012
3 College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097

Received:2012-07-29 Accepted:2012-10-21 Online:2013-01-20 Published:2013-02-04
Contact: Zeng Jiangning

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究浙江西门岛海洋特别保护区大型底栖动物功能群的变化规律及其与环境因子的关系, 作者分别于2010年4月(春季)、11月(秋季), 2011年8月(夏季)和2012年2月(冬季)进行了4个航次的大型底栖动物调查, 共鉴定出大型底栖动物78种, 根据其食性类型划分为浮游生物食者、植食者、肉食者、杂食者、碎屑食者5种功能群。各功能群平均密度从高到低依次为浮游生物食者>肉食者>植食者>碎屑食者>杂食者, 平均生物量从高到低依次为浮游生物食者>碎屑食者>肉食者>杂食者>植食者。单因素方差分析结果表明, 大型底栖动物各功能群的密度和生物量季节间均无显著性差异。典范对应分析结果表明, 影响大型底栖动物功能群的主要环境因子包括温度、溶解氧、溶解态无机磷和表层沉积物的中值粒径, 排序轴对功能群-环境关系的贡献率计算结果表明环境变量可以较好地解释功能群的变化情况。

关键词: 大型底栖动物, 功能群, 生物多样性, 环境因子, 海洋特别保护区

Abstract

We evaluated the seasonal change in functional groups of marine macrobenthos in relation to environmental factors in the Ximen Island National Marine Special Reserve, Zhejiang Province, in April and November of 2010, August 2011 and February 2012. We identified a total of 78 taxa (mostly to species level) and categorized these taxa by feeding strategy. Overall, we categorized these taxa into following five functional groups: planktophagous(Pl), phytophagous(Ph), carnivorous(C), omnivorous(O), and detritivorous(D). The mean density of each functional group was ranked as Pl>C>Ph>D>O, and the mean biomass as Pl>D>C>O>Ph. Based on the results of variance analysis (one-way ANOVA), we found no significant seasonal differences of density and biomass among functional groups. We used canonical correspondence analysis to examine relationships between environmental factors and macrobenthic functional groups. Our results imply that temperature, dissolved oxygen, dissolved inorganic phosphorus and median particle diameter were the main environmental factors correlated with macrobenthic functional groups. Results of the cumulative percentage variance in functional groups-environment relationships indicated that the changes of functional groups can be explained best by the environmental factors.

Key words: macrobenthos, functional group, biodiversity, environmental factors, national marine special reserve

廖一波, 寿鹿, 曾江宁, 高爱根, 汤雁滨, 严小军, 陈全震 (2013) 浙江西门岛海洋特别保护区大型底栖动物功能群特征及其与环境的关系. 生物多样性, 21, 3-10. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2013.08151.

Yibo Liao,Lu Shou,Jiangning Zeng,Aigen Gao,Yanbin Tang,Xiaojun Yan,Quanzhen Chen (2013) Functional groups of marine macrobenthos in relation to environmental factors around the Ximen Island National Marine Special Reserve, Zhejiang. Biodiversity Science, 21, 3-10. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2013.08151.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2013.08151

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2013/V21/I1/3

图/表 7

参考文献 30

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	春季 Spring	夏季 Summer	秋季 Autumn	冬季 Winter	F	P
温度 Temperature (℃)	15.2±0.5	29.3±0.3	15.0±0.6	9.8±0.7	F_3,24= 1,770.05	<0.01
盐度 Salinity	14.9±3.7	21.1±5.8	24.2±0.7	21.1±0.8	F_3,24= 8.92	<0.01
pH	7.95±0.02	7.87±0.04	8.05±0.01	7.96±0.01	F_3,24=68.00	<0.01
溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen (mg/L)	8.26±0.35	5.72±0.14	8.14±0.06	9.53±0.27	F_3,24=327.09	<0.01
溶解态无机氮 Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (mg/L)	0.805±0.228	0.842±0.231	0.692±0.042	0.769±0.081	F_3,24=595.90	<0.01
溶解态无机磷 Dissolved inorganic phosphorus (mg/L)	0.035±0.001	0.029±0.002	0.040±0.003	0.025±0.002	F_3,24=61.84	<0.01
中值粒径 Median particle diameter (μm)	6.12±0.21	6.37±0.31	6.05±0.05	5.96±0.34	F_3,24=3.31	0.04
有机碳 Total organic carbon (%)	1.20±0.12	0.99±0.02	0.81±0.06	0.77±0.08	F_3,24= 46.80	<0.01

	春季 Spring	夏季 Summer	秋季 Autumn	冬季 Winter	F	P
温度 Temperature (℃)	15.2±0.5	29.3±0.3	15.0±0.6	9.8±0.7	F_3,24= 1,770.05	<0.01
盐度 Salinity	14.9±3.7	21.1±5.8	24.2±0.7	21.1±0.8	F_3,24= 8.92	<0.01
pH	7.95±0.02	7.87±0.04	8.05±0.01	7.96±0.01	F_3,24=68.00	<0.01
溶解氧 Dissolved oxygen (mg/L)	8.26±0.35	5.72±0.14	8.14±0.06	9.53±0.27	F_3,24=327.09	<0.01
溶解态无机氮 Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (mg/L)	0.805±0.228	0.842±0.231	0.692±0.042	0.769±0.081	F_3,24=595.90	<0.01
溶解态无机磷 Dissolved inorganic phosphorus (mg/L)	0.035±0.001	0.029±0.002	0.040±0.003	0.025±0.002	F_3,24=61.84	<0.01
中值粒径 Median particle diameter (μm)	6.12±0.21	6.37±0.31	6.05±0.05	5.96±0.34	F_3,24=3.31	0.04
有机碳 Total organic carbon (%)	1.20±0.12	0.99±0.02	0.81±0.06	0.77±0.08	F_3,24= 46.80	<0.01

	春季 Spring	夏季 Summer	秋季 Autumn	冬季 Winter	F	P
密度 Density
浮游生物食者 Planktophagous group	415	91	457	61	F_3,24=0.90	0.46
植食者 Phytophagous group	9	89	34	36	F_3,24=1.54	0.23
肉食者 Carnivorous group	38	46	54	66	F_3,24=0.53	0.67
杂食者 Omnivorous group	3	3	0	14	F_3,24=2.99	0.05
碎屑食者 Detritivorous group	19	30	19	61	F_3,24=1.92	0.15
生物量 Biomass
浮游生物食者 Planktophagous group	14.16	2.58	47.02	1.14	F_3,24=1.29	0.30
植食者 Phytophagous group	2.61	3.36	4.95	2.48	F_3,24=0.37	0.77
肉食者 Carnivorous group	6.20	5.60	3.23	6.81	F_3,24=0.38	0.77
杂食者 Omnivorous group	0.05	12.63	0.00	1.55	F_3,24=1.92	0.15
碎屑食者 Detritivorous group	23.72	0.30	1.80	1.69	F_3,24=1.19	0.34

	春季 Spring	夏季 Summer	秋季 Autumn	冬季 Winter	F	P
密度 Density
浮游生物食者 Planktophagous group	415	91	457	61	F_3,24=0.90	0.46
植食者 Phytophagous group	9	89	34	36	F_3,24=1.54	0.23
肉食者 Carnivorous group	38	46	54	66	F_3,24=0.53	0.67
杂食者 Omnivorous group	3	3	0	14	F_3,24=2.99	0.05
碎屑食者 Detritivorous group	19	30	19	61	F_3,24=1.92	0.15
生物量 Biomass
浮游生物食者 Planktophagous group	14.16	2.58	47.02	1.14	F_3,24=1.29	0.30
植食者 Phytophagous group	2.61	3.36	4.95	2.48	F_3,24=0.37	0.77
肉食者 Carnivorous group	6.20	5.60	3.23	6.81	F_3,24=0.38	0.77
杂食者 Omnivorous group	0.05	12.63	0.00	1.55	F_3,24=1.92	0.15
碎屑食者 Detritivorous group	23.72	0.30	1.80	1.69	F_3,24=1.19	0.34

排序轴 CCA axes	轴 Axis				总惯量 Total inertia
排序轴 CCA axes	1	2	3	4	总惯量 Total inertia
特征值 Eigenvalues	0.336	0.115	0.017	0.002	0.957
功能群与环境因子相关系数 Functional groups-environment correlations	0.805	0.743	0.357	0.151
排序轴对功能群-环境关系的贡献率 Cumulative percentage variance of functional groups-environment relation	71.6	96.0	99.5	100.0

浙江西门岛海洋特别保护区大型底栖动物功能群特征及其与环境的关系

Functional groups of marine macrobenthos in relation to environmental factors around the Ximen Island National Marine Special Reserve, Zhejiang

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种名 Species	春季 Spring	夏季 Summer	秋季 Autummn	冬季 Winter
多毛类 Polychaeta
矮小稚齿虫 Apoprionospio pygmaea				+
稚齿虫科一种 Spionidae sp.				+
伪才女虫属一种 Pseudopolydora sp.	+			+
渤海格鳞虫 Gattyana pohaiensis	+
双鳃内卷齿蚕 Aglaophamus dibranchis	+			+
中华内卷齿蚕 A. sinersis	+	+
无疣齿吻沙蚕 Inermonephtys inermis	+	+
加州齿吻沙蚕 Nephtys californiensis		+	+
毛齿吻沙蚕 N. ciliata	+		+
多鳃齿吻沙蚕 N. polybranchia				+
双齿围沙蚕 Perinereis aibuhitensis	+
寡节甘吻沙蚕 Glycinde gurjanvae				+
后指虫 Laonice cirrata	+		+
尖刺缨虫 Potamilla acuminata				+
漏斗节须虫 Isocirrus watsoni				+
米列虫 Melinna cristata		+	+
日本叉毛豆维虫 Schistomeringos japonica				+
三角洲双须虫 Eteone delta	+
沙蠋科一种 Arenicolidae spp.				+
长吻沙蚕 Glycera chirori	+	+		+
吻沙蚕属一种 Glycera sp.			+
须鳃虫 Cirriformia tentaculata	+		+	+
杂毛虫属一种 Poecilochaetus sp.				+
长锥虫 Haploscoloplos elongatus				+
智利巢沙蚕 Diopatra chilienis		+	+	+
花索沙蚕 Arabella iricolor	+
异足索沙蚕 Lumbrineris heteropoda	+	+
索沙蚕属一种 Lumbrineris sp.	+		+	+
欧努菲虫 Onuphis eremita				+
带楯征节虫 Nicomache personata				+
小头虫 Capitella capitata		+	+	+
厚鳃蚕 Dasybranchus caducus			+	+
丝异须虫 Heteromastus filiformis	+			+
背蚓虫 Notomastus latericeus	+			+
不倒翁虫 Sternaspis scutata	+	+		+
缩头竹节虫 Maldane sarsi				+
软体动物 Mollusca
短拟沼螺 Assiminea brevicula	+	+	+	+
光滑狭口螺 Stenothyra glabar		+
尖锥拟蟹守螺 Cerithidea largillierti	+	+	+
珠带拟蟹守螺 C. cingulata	+
纵带滩栖螺 Batillaria zonalis				+
光螺科一种 Eulimidae spp.	+	+	+
圆筒原盒螺 Eocylichna braunsi			+
库页球舌螺 Didontoglossa koyasensis		+		+
丽小笔螺 Mitrella bella		+
泥螺 Bullacta exarata	+	+
婆罗囊螺 Retusa boenensis	+	+		+
梯螺科一种 Epitoniidae spp.	+	+
香螺 Neptunea arthritica cumingii			+	+
斑节亮螺 Phos varicosus		+
扁玉螺 Neverita didyma				+
织纹螺属一种 Nassarius sp.	+	+		+
棒锥螺 Turritella bacillum				+
薄云母蛤 Yoldia similis				+
缢蛏 Sinonovacula constricta	+	+	+
彩虹明樱蛤 Moerella iridescens				+
泥蚶 Tegillarca granosa	+
河篮蛤属一种 Potamocorbula sp.	+	+	+	+
甲壳动物 Crustacea
双眼钩虾属一种 Ampelisca sp.				+
细管居蜚 Cerapus tubularis				+
大蜾赢蜚 Corophium major	+
片钩虾属一种 Elasmopus sp.	+
板钩虾属一种 Stenothoe spp.	+
鲜明鼓虾 Alpheus distinguendus				+
长眼对虾 Miyadiella podophthalmus	+
脊尾白虾 Exopalaemon carinicauda		+
淡水泥蟹 Ilyoplax tansuiensis		+		+
锯眼泥蟹 I. serrata				+
宁波泥蟹 I. ningpoensis			+
痕掌沙蟹 Ocypode stimpsoni			+
棘皮动物 Echinodermata
棘刺锚参 Protankyra bidentata	+	+	+
伪指刺锚参 P. pseudodigitata		+
真蛇科属一种 Ophiuridae spp.				+
其他类 Others
爱氏海葵属一种 Edwardsia sp.	+	+	+	+
角海葵属一种 Cerianthus sp.	+			+
大弹涂鱼 Boleophthalmus pectinirostris				+
孔鰕虎鱼 Trypauchen vagina				+
纽虫一种 Nemertea spp.	+	+	+	+

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