生物多样性 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (10): 1295-1307. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021263
彭杨靖1,2, 黄治昊1, 林乐乐1,2, 王锐锋1, 崔国发1,*()
收稿日期:
2021-07-03
接受日期:
2021-10-24
出版日期:
2021-10-20
发布日期:
2021-10-20
通讯作者:
崔国发
作者简介:
* E-mail: fa6716@163.com基金资助:
Yangjing Peng1,2, Zhihao Huang1, Lele Lin1,2, Ruifeng Wang1, Guofa Cui1,*()
Received:
2021-07-03
Accepted:
2021-10-24
Online:
2021-10-20
Published:
2021-10-20
Contact:
Guofa Cui
摘要:
中国建立国家公园的目的是保护自然生态系统的完整性和原真性, 促进生物多样性保护。国家公园的完整性和原真性评价是国家公园的布局规划、边界范围确定以及功能区划等研究的前提条件。为了评估国家公园自然生态系统完整性和原真性状态, 本文基于陆地自然生态系统的结构和功能, 通过指标筛选、专家咨询、指标量化和建立综合评价模型, 构建了陆地自然生态系统完整性与原真性的评价指标体系及其量化评价方法。该评价方法包括5个自然生态系统完整性指标、5个自然生态系统原真性指标和2个综合评价指标。以浙江省钱江源国家公园体制试点为例, 本文初步评估了其生态系统完整性与原真性状态, 并对评价结果进行了分级。按照本研究的评价方法, 钱江源国家公园体制试点的自然生态系统完整性评价结果为52.83%, 评价等级为较差; 自然生态系统原真性评价结果为87.06%, 评价等级为好。钱江源国家公园体制试点有待关注和提升的指标有保护区域完整性指数(27.00%)和旗舰种适宜生境完整性指数(53.04%)。最后, 本文结合研究区域评价结果对生态系统完整性和原真性领域应关注的问题进行了讨论。该自然生态系统完整性和原真性评价方法可提供一种评价指标覆盖较全面、数据易获取, 且评价结果易被决策者和管理者理解的评价思路。
彭杨靖, 黄治昊, 林乐乐, 王锐锋, 崔国发 (2021) 国家公园陆地自然生态系统完整性与原真性评价方法探索: 以钱江源国家公园体制试点为例. 生物多样性, 29, 1295-1307. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021263.
Yangjing Peng, Zhihao Huang, Lele Lin, Ruifeng Wang, Guofa Cui (2021) Exploring evaluation methods for integrity and authenticity of terrestrial natural ecosystems in national parks: The case of Qianjiangyuan National Park system pilot. Biodiversity Science, 29, 1295-1307. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2021263.
图1 白际山-清凉峰(a)和怀玉山(b)的群系及亚群系空间分布图
Fig. 1 Spatial distribution of formation and subformation in Baiji Mountains-Qingliang Mountains (a) and Huaiyu Mountains (b). 1, Liquidambar formosana forest; 2, Liquidambar formosana forest + Castarcopsis sclerophylla forest and Cyclobalanopsis glauca forest; 3, Castarcopsis sclerophylla forest and Cyclobalanopsis glauca forest; 4, Quercus variabilis, Q. serrata var. brevipetiolata, Castarcopsis sclerophylla, Cyclobalanopsis glauca forest; 5, Quercus fabri, Q. serrata var. brevipetiolata forest + Q. variabilis, Q. acutissima forest + Platycarya strobilacea, Dalbergia hupehana forest; 6, Cunninghamia lanceolata forest; 7, Pinus massoniana forest with Loropetalum chinense, Rhododendron simsii; 8, Pinus massoniana forest with Quercus fabri, Q. serrata var. brevipetiolata; 9, Phyllostachys pubescens forest; 10, Loropetalum chinense, Vaccinium bracteatum, Rhododendron simsii scrub; 11, Quercus fabri, Q. serrata var. brevipetiolata scrub; 12, Quercus fabri, Q. serrata var. brevipetiolata scrub + Loropetalum chinense, Vaccinium bracteatum, Rhododendron simsii scrub; 13, Filifolium sibiricum, grass-forb steppe + Populus spp. forest; 14, Miscanthus sinensis, Arundinella hirta, Eulalia speciosa community; 15, One crop rice; 16, Double-cropping rice, rapeseed (winter wheat); 17, Double-cropping rice and Astragalus sinicus; winter wheat, sweet potatoes; sesame, Dioscorea alata, tea, tea-oil tree; tangerine, kumquat; 18, Summer rice, winter wheat (double-cropping rice locally); cotton, peanut, sesame, winter rapeseed, mulberry, tea; pomegranate, red bayberry; 19, Rice, orange complex; 20, Tea garden; 21, Water body.
图2 白际山-清凉峰(a)和怀玉山(b)的群系及亚群系数量与面积关系图
Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of area increasing pattern of Baiji Mountains-Qingliang Mountains (a) and Huaiyu Mountains (b)
图3 钱江源国家公园体制试点景观类型分布图
Fig. 3 Distribution map of landscape types in Qianjiangyuan National Park system pilot. 1, Natural arboreal forest; 2, Shrubland; 3, Natural grassland; 4, Bamboo forest; 5, Other forest land; 6, Nursery land; 7, Tea plantation; 8, Pond; 9, Dry land; 10, Bare land; 11, Highway; 12, Road land; 13, Bridge; 14, Trail; 15, Urban residential land; 16, Rural residential land; 17, Detached house; 18, House under construction; 19, Land for hydraulic; 20, Other construction land; 21, Ditch; 22, Reservoir; 23, River; 24, Lake.
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