生物多样性 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 811-818.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020307

• 生物编目 • 上一篇    下一篇

江西武夷山国家级自然保护区林下鸟类和兽类资源的红外相机监测

郭英荣1, 兰文军2, 邹思成2, 袁荣斌2, 董晓雨3, 曹吉锐3, 杨清培3, 宋庆妮3,*()   

  1. 1.江西省自然保护地建设中心, 南昌 330038
    2.江西武夷山国家级自然保护区管理局, 江西上饶 334515
    3.江西农业大学林学院, 南昌 330045
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-31 接受日期:2020-11-22 出版日期:2021-06-20 发布日期:2021-05-30
  • 通讯作者: 宋庆妮
  • 作者简介:* E-mail: songqingni@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    江西省科技计划项目(20151BBG70025);国家自然科学基金(41807018)

Camera-trapping survey of wild mammals and ground-dwelling birds in the Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, China

Yingrong Guo1, Wenjun Lan2, Sicheng Zou2, Rongbin Yuan2, Xiaoyu Dong3, Jirui Cao3, Qingpei Yang3, Qingni Song3,*()   

  1. 1 Construction Center of Jiangxi Natural Reserves, Nanchang 330038
    2 Administration of Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve, Shangrao, Jiangxi 334515
    3 College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045
  • Received:2020-07-31 Accepted:2020-11-22 Online:2021-06-20 Published:2021-05-30
  • Contact: Qingni Song

摘要:

红外相机技术已成为野生动物监测的一种有效手段, 在自然保护区物种资源的清查中具有重要的应用价值。为了进一步完善江西武夷山国家级自然保护区鸟兽的编目信息, 2016年11月至2018年8月, 我们按样线法布设了52台红外相机进行连续监测。本次调查累计18,417个相机工作日, 拍摄到独立有效照片8,908张, 记录到野生兽类与鸟类共62种, 其中兽类20种, 隶属5目13科, 鸟类42种, 隶属5目14科。国家I级重点保护野生动物有2种, 即黑麂(Muntiacus crinifrons)和黄腹角雉(Tragopan caboti), 国家II级重点保护野生动物有亚洲黑熊(Ursus thibetanus)、毛冠鹿(Elaphodus cephalophus)和中华鬣羚(Capricornis milneedwardsii)等10种。被IUCN红色名录评估为易危的有4种, 近危的5种。兽类相对多度指数居于前三位的依次为小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)、藏酋猴(Macaca thibetana)和野猪(Sus scrofa); 鸟类相对多度指数位于前三位的是白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)、紫啸鸫(Myophonus caeruleus)和黑领噪鹛(Garrulax pectoralis)。物种相对多度指数沿海拔梯度呈现中部高、两侧低的单峰模式, 以800-1,200 m的区域最高。本文结果可为保护区的野生动物资源清查提供基础数据, 也为后续保护区管理政策的制定提供参考。

关键词: 野生动物监测, 珍稀动物, 相对多度指数, 中域效应假说, 物种多样性

Abstract

Aim We aim to investigate the biological inventory of large and medium-sized mammals and ground-dwelling birds in the Jiangxi Wuyishan National Nature Reserve using camera-trapping techniques.

Method: 52 camera-traps were placed between 531 m and 2,051 m a.s.l. from November 2016 to June 2018. The relative abundance index was used to evaluate the population sizes of different species.

Results: A total of 8,908 independent photographs were taken with a sampling effort of 18,417 camera-days. We identified 20 wild mammal species (5 orders and 13 families) and 42 bird species (5 orders and 14 families). Of all the detected species, 2 species are listed as first-class National Protected Wildlife (Muntiacus crinifronsand Tragopan caboti), and 10 species are listed as second-class National Protected Wildlife (Ursus thibetanus, Elaphodus cephalophus, Capricornis milneedwardsii, and others). Four species were listed as Vulnerable and five as Near Threatened according to the IUCN Red List. Based on the relative abundance index, the three most abundant mammal species were Muntiacus reevesi, Macaca thibetana and Sus scrofa; and the three most detected bird species were Lophura nycthemera,Myophonus caeruleus and Garrulax pectoralis. The relative abundance index of species presents a unimodal pattern along the altitude gradient with the largest value being in the area of 800-1,200 m.

Conclusion: These findings indicate Jiangxi Wuyishan Nature Reserve has high species diversity and rich rare and endangered species, especially in the mid-altitude areas. This study provides an important foundation for further biodiversity investigation and wildlife management measures of reserves.

Key words: wildlife monitoring, rare animals, relative abundance index, mid-domain effect hypothesis, species diversity