生物多样性 ›› 2013, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (1): 132-135.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2013.04139

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以产业化促进物种保护和可持续利用的新模式: 以兰花为例

刘虹1,2,3, 罗毅波4,5, 刘仲健5,6,7,*()   

  1. 1 Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, Miami 33199, USA
    2 亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室(广西大学), 南宁 530004
    3 Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Miami 33156, USA
    4 中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学重点实验室, 北京 100093
    5 深圳市兰科植物保护研究中心濒危兰科植物保护与利用重点实验室, 深圳 518114
    6 清华大学深圳研究生院生物医药中心, 深圳 518055
    7 华南农业大学林学院, 广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2012-07-06 接受日期:2012-12-07 出版日期:2013-01-20 发布日期:2013-02-04
  • 通讯作者: 刘仲健
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAC01B05-3);国家林业局948项目(2011-4-53);广西壮族自治区科技厅主席基金(09203-04);The Mohamed bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund (0905324)

Using guided commercialized cultivation models to promote species conservation and sustainable utilization: an example from the Chinese medicinal orchids

Hong Liu1,2,3, Yibo Luo4,5, Zhongjian Liu5,6,7,*()   

  1. 1 Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, Miami 33199,USA
    2 State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources (Guangxi University), Nanning 530004, China
    3 Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Miami 33156, USA
    4 State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
    5 Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, The Orchid Conservation & Research Center of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518114, China
    6 The Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
    7 College of Forestry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510640, China;
  • Received:2012-07-06 Accepted:2012-12-07 Online:2013-01-20 Published:2013-02-04
  • Contact: Liu Zhongjian

摘要:

如何平衡野生植物的保护与开发的关系已成为亟需解决的社会问题。本文以药用兰科植物铁皮石斛(Dendrobium catenatum)为例, 提出在发达地区建立生产和深加工基地, 建立公司+林场+农户参与栽培的组织体系, 利用铁皮石斛特性促进岩溶和丹霞地貌生态保护, 即在岩溶和丹霞贫困地区自然环境下进行种群野外回归增加资源存量, 并实施可持续性收获, 增加栖息地的保护动力。这种经济利益引导的保护模式与西方发达国家的濒危物种保护模式有别, 但更适合中国国情, 可在实现经济效益的同时促进兰科物种恢复和保护。

关键词: 兰科植物, Dendrobium catenatum, 保护, 产业开发, 模式

Abstract

Achieving the balance between economic development and biodiversity conservation has become increasingly difficult. Here we propose a conservation model for medicinal orchids using Dendrobium catenatum as an example. Specifically we suggest establishment of production and advance processing facilities in the developed regions, and using organization systems involving companies working with forestry farms, and forestry farms in turn working with farmers who cultivate the orchids. In addition, we promoted cultivation of these orchids in natural environments in the Karst and Danxia economically poor regions, for the purpose of restoration and/or augmentation of wild populations while promoting sustainable harvest of their populations. Such profit generating species restoration will increase incentives for habitat protection. This conservation model for an endangered species is different from those developed in the West, but is better suited to the situation in China.

Key words: Orchidaceae, Dendrobium catenatum, orchid conservation, biodiversity protection, sustainable development