中国微生物物种多样性研究进展

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.10129

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微生物是分布最为广泛的生命形式, 几乎分布到地球上的所有生境, 具有丰富的物种多样性。我国地域辽阔, 跨越热带至寒温带, 气候条件多样, 地理环境与生态系统类型复杂, 是世界上生物多样性最丰富的国家之一。我国已开展了大量微生物多样性研究, 并证实我国多样的生境蕴藏着丰富的微生物物种多样性。目前我国已报道真核微生物(菌物)约14,700种, 其中包括真菌约14,060种、卵菌约300种、黏菌约340种, 而真菌中有药用菌473种、食用菌966个分类单元。特别是近年来通过免培养的分子生物学技术发现我国存在丰富的原核微生物多样性。本文概述了传统方法和现代分子生物学技术在我国原核微生物(古菌、细菌)和真核微生物(真菌、卵菌、黏菌)物种多样性研究的最新进展。

关键词: 真核微生物, 原核微生物, 物种多样性, 培养方法, 分子技术

Abstract

Microbes with rich species and genetic diversity are widely distributed throughout various habitats in the world. China possesses a variety of climate zones, geographic environments, and complex ecosystems, which play a large role shaping the complex biodiversity of this country. Microbial diversity has been widely studied and well documented by Chinese scientists. For example, a total of ca. 14,700 eukaryotic microbe species have been recorded, including ca. 14,060 fungi, ca. 300 oomycetes, and ca. 340 slime molds. Within the Fungi, there have been 473 medicinal fungal species and 966 edible fungal taxa recorded. However, recent studies have documented much high species diversity of prokaryotic microbes using molecular techniques, which have greatly promoted the study level of microbial diversity in China. This review paper summarizes recent research progress of microbial (i.e., archaea, bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, and slime molds) diversity in China based on traditional and molecular techniques.

Key words: eukaryotic microbe, prokaryotic microbe, species diversity, cultivation method, molecular technique

郭良栋 (2012) 中国微生物物种多样性研究进展. 生物多样性, 20, 572-580. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.10129.

Liangdong Guo (2012) Progress of microbial species diversity research in China. Biodiversity Science, 20, 572-580. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.10129.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2012.10129

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2012/V20/I5/572

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