中国植物园游客游览动机及满意度调查

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08033

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

植物园每年都吸引大量的游客, 是向公众展示生物多样性和开展生物多样性教育的重要场所。了解游客参观植物园的动机以及游览后的满意度, 对植物园的运营及科普功能的发挥至关重要。作者选择厦门园林植物园、中国科学院武汉植物园、北京市植物园、中国科学院昆明植物研究所植物园和中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园5个植物园为研究对象, 通过向游览后即将离园的游客发放问卷, 调查游客的游览动机和满意度, 分析了其社会学因素, 得到了以下研究结果: (1)不同植物园的游客参观植物园的动机不尽相同。“亲近自然”是游客游览植物园的普遍动机, 其次是“放松身心”和“欣赏美景”。在厦门植物园, “与亲人或朋友在一起”也是游客的游览动机之一。(2)“增长相关的知识”作为游览动机没有得到显著的支持。(3)游客对5个植物园的游览基本上是满意的。文中讨论了植物园应该如何根据游客的游览动机更好地经营植物园, 同时发挥植物园的科普及环境教育功能。

关键词: 植物园, 游览动机, 满意度, 生物多样性保护, 问卷调查, 科普教育

Abstract

Botanical gardens (BGs) have attracted millions of visitors worldwide; therefore, BGs have become important sites for displaying and education for biodiversity. Understanding garden visitors’ motivations and their traveling satisfactory degree is crucial for BG management and its role in public education. In this study, we conducted survey in five Chinese BGs, i.e., Xiamen BG, Wuhan BG of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing BG, Kunming BG of CAS and Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of CAS. We aimed to understand visitors’ traveling motivation and the degree of satisfaction after they visited the gardens by questionnaire survey. The main results are as follows: (1) The motivations for visitors differed among the five BGs. “To get close to nature” was the most common motivation, followed by “To get relax” and “To enjoy the beautiful scenery”. In Xiamen BG, “To be together with friends or relatives” was also one of the motivations. (2) “To gain relative knowledge” as the motivation did not get significant support. (3) The visitors were satisfied by the visit to the five BGs. The authors also discussed how BGs could adjust their management in order to fit visitors’ motivation meanwhile play a better role in scientific and environmental education.

Key words: botanical garden, traveling motivation, satisfactory degree, biodiversity conservation, questionnaire survey, public education

贺赫, 陈进 (2011) 中国植物园游客游览动机及满意度调查. 生物多样性, 19, 589-596. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08033.

He He, Jin Chen (2011) Visiting motivation and satisfaction of visitors to Chinese botanical gardens. Biodiversity Science, 19, 589-596. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08033.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08033

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2011/V19/I5/589

图/表 4

参考文献 32

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游览动机 Traveling motivation	植物园 Botanical garden	均值(标准差) Mean (SD)	非常不同意 Strongly disagree	不同意 Disagree	没意见 No comments	同意 Agree	非常同意 Strongly agree
放松身心 To relax	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.36(0.70)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.30(0.62)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	4.40(0.62)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	4.33(0.68)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4.32(0.73)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
亲近自然 To get close to nature	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.51(0.55)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.45(0.61)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	4.42(0.63)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	4,38(0.74)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4,48(0.70)	*	*	*	NS	NS
与亲人或朋友在一起 To be together with relatives or friends	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.40(0.68)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.25(0.71)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	4.27(0.68)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	4.31(0.71)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4.21(0.74)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
学习相关的知识 To gain relative knowledge	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.09(0.81)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.10(0.75)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	3.73(0.88)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	3.97(0.83)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4.21(0.77)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
锻炼身体 To do exercises	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.15(0.88)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	3.67(0.90)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	3.92(0.88)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	3.54(0.92)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	3.87(0.96)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
找一个独处的地方 To be lonely	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	3.30(1.12)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	3.21(1.14)	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	3.26(1.04)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	3.42(1.09)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	3.34(1.11)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
欣赏美景 To enjoy the beautiful scenery	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.41(0.68)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.34(0.69)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	4.29(0.77)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	4.27(0.74)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4.46(0.73)	*	*	*	NS	NS

游览动机 Traveling motivation	植物园 Botanical garden	均值(标准差) Mean (SD)	非常不同意 Strongly disagree	不同意 Disagree	没意见 No comments	同意 Agree	非常同意 Strongly agree
放松身心 To relax	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.36(0.70)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.30(0.62)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	4.40(0.62)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	4.33(0.68)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4.32(0.73)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
亲近自然 To get close to nature	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.51(0.55)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.45(0.61)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	4.42(0.63)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	4,38(0.74)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4,48(0.70)	*	*	*	NS	NS
与亲人或朋友在一起 To be together with relatives or friends	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.40(0.68)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.25(0.71)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	4.27(0.68)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	4.31(0.71)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4.21(0.74)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
学习相关的知识 To gain relative knowledge	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.09(0.81)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.10(0.75)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	3.73(0.88)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	3.97(0.83)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4.21(0.77)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
锻炼身体 To do exercises	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.15(0.88)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	3.67(0.90)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	3.92(0.88)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	3.54(0.92)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	3.87(0.96)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
找一个独处的地方 To be lonely	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	3.30(1.12)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	3.21(1.14)	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	3.26(1.04)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	3.42(1.09)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	3.34(1.11)	*	NS	NS	NS	NS
欣赏美景 To enjoy the beautiful scenery	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.41(0.68)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.34(0.69)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	4.29(0.77)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	4.27(0.74)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4.46(0.73)	*	*	*	NS	NS

满意度指标 Indicators for satisfactory degree	植物园 Botanical garden	均值(标准差) Mean (SD)	非常不愿意Strongly disagree	不愿意 Disagree	没意见 No comments	愿意 Agree	非常愿意 Strongly agree
重游意愿 Willing to revisit	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.26(0.90)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.18(0.85)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	4.64(0.63)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	4.45(0.77)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4.11(0.84)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
推荐意愿 Willing to recommend	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.49(0.77)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.37(0.77)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	4.56(0.60)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	4.44(0.72)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4.59(0.67)	*	*	*	NS	NS

满意度指标 Indicators for satisfactory degree	植物园 Botanical garden	均值(标准差) Mean (SD)	非常不愿意Strongly disagree	不愿意 Disagree	没意见 No comments	愿意 Agree	非常愿意 Strongly agree
重游意愿 Willing to revisit	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.26(0.90)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.18(0.85)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	4.64(0.63)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	4.45(0.77)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4.11(0.84)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
推荐意愿 Willing to recommend	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	4.49(0.77)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	4.37(0.77)	*	*	NS	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	4.56(0.60)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	4.44(0.72)	*	*	*	NS	NS
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	4.59(0.67)	*	*	*	NS	NS

满意度指标 Indicator of satisfactory degree	植物园 Botanical garden	均值(标准差) Mean (SD)	价格合适 Reasonable	价格偏高 Expensive
门票评价 Assessment of BG ticket	厦门植物园 Xiamen BG	1.52(0.51)	NS	NS
	武汉植物园 Wuhan BG	1.47(0.50)	NS	NS
	北京植物园 Beijing BG	1.05(0.31)	NS	*
	昆明植物园 Kunming BG	1.13(0.40)	NS	*
	版纳植物园 Xishuangbanna BG	1.38(0.49)	NS	NS