北疆一年生早春短命植物物种丰富度分布格局及其影响因素

doi:10.17520/biods.2020331

生物多样性 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 735-745. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020331

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

北疆一年生早春短命植物物种丰富度分布格局及其影响因素

王爱霞¹^,², 马婧婧¹^,², 龚会蝶¹^,², 范国安¹^,², 王茂¹, 赵红梅¹^,², 程军回¹^,²^,^*()

1.新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院, 乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆土壤与植物生态过程重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2020-08-16 接受日期:2020-12-16 出版日期:2021-06-20 发布日期:2021-05-16
通讯作者: 程军回
作者简介:* E-mail: cjhgraymice@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31660127);国家自然科学基金(U1603235)

Patterns and drivers of species richness of early spring annual ephemeral plants in northern Xinjiang

Aixia Wang¹^,², Jingjing Ma¹^,², Huidie Gong¹^,², Guoan Fan¹^,², Mao Wang¹, Hongmei Zhao¹^,², Junhui Cheng¹^,²^,^*()

1 College of Grassland and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052
2 Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Processes, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052

Received:2020-08-16 Accepted:2020-12-16 Online:2021-06-20 Published:2021-05-16
Contact: Junhui Cheng

1. 附录1 北疆一年生早春短命植物典型群落样地优势种名录.pdf(463KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

理解植物多样性变化的影响因素一直是群落生态学和生物地理学研究的重要内容。大量研究显示, 植物多样性受到海拔、古气候、现代气候、土壤养分和地上生物量等一系列因素的影响。然而, 很少有研究综合考虑这些因素对植物多样性的影响和相对重要性。本研究以北疆一年生早春短命植物为研究对象, 以2017年和2018年对32个样地调查的物种丰富度为基础, 通过一般线性模型和偏最小二乘通径模型分析了海拔、气候因素(年平均温度、冬季降水、2‒5月降水以及末次冰期以来2‒5月降水变化距平)、土壤养分(pH、土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷、碳氮比、碳磷比和氮磷比)和地上生物量与该类植物物种丰富度平均值的关系及其相对重要性。结果显示: (1)一年生早春短命植物物种丰富度与海拔、年均温度、2‒5月降水、末次冰期以来2‒5月降水变化距平、土壤pH、土壤碳氮比和地上生物量均呈现显著的单峰型关系, 而与冬季降水之间表现为先降低后增加的变化趋势, 表明该类植物多样性同时受到多种因素的影响; (2)海拔、气候因素和土壤养分不仅对该类植物物种丰富度存在显著的直接影响, 也可通过改变地上生物量进而对其物种丰富度产生间接影响; (3)这些因素中, 气候因素是影响一年生早春短命植物物种丰富度的最主要影响因素, 其次分别为地上生物量、海拔和土壤养分。海拔、土壤养分、气候因素及地上生物量共同驱动了北疆地区一年生早春短命植物丰富度的变化。

关键词: 海拔, 气候因素, 土壤养分, 地上生物量, 物种丰富度, 一年生早春短命植物

Abstract

Aims: Identifying factors that determine plant diversity remains an important issue in community ecology and biogeography. Many studies have demonstrated that plant diversity is tightly associated with a suite of environmental factors, such as elevation, contemporary climate, paleoclimate, soil nutrient availability, and aboveground biomass (AGB). However, their effects and relative importance on plant diversity is still unknown due to lack of comprehensive study.

Methods: To assess relative importance of elevation, contemporary climate, paleoclimate, soil nutrient availability and AGB on early spring annual ephemeral plant(s) (ESAE), we surveyed species richness of ESAE across 32 sites in 2017 and 2018 in northern Xinjiang. We used general linear models to explore relationships of mean species richness (SR) of ESAE with elevation, climate (including annual mean temperature, precipitation in winter, precipitation from February to May, and anomaly of precipitation from February to May since the Last Glacial Maximum), soil nutrient availability (pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), the ratio of SOC to TN (C : N); the ratio of SOC to TP (C : P), the ratio of TN to TP (N : P), and AGB. We then adapted partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) to measure the relative importance of each of these variables in regulating SR of ESAE.

Results: We found that SR of ESAE exhibited a significant unimodal pattern with increasing elevation, annual mean temperature, precipitation from February to May, anomaly of precipitation from February to May since the Last Glacial Maximum, soil pH, C : N, and AGB, but a U-shaped pattern with increasing precipitation in winter. Elevation, climate, and soil nutrients availability could influence SR of ESAE by altering AGB either directly or indirectly. Among these factors, climate was the most important factor in regulating SR of ESAE, followed by AGB, elevation, and soil nutrient availability, respectively.

Conclusion: Elevation, soil nutrients availability, climate and aboveground biomass had significant effects on species richness of EASA via their direct and indirect effects, but climate was the most important factor in regulating diversity of EASA.

Key words: elevation, climate, soil nutrients availability, aboveground biomass, species richness, early spring annual ephemeral plants.

王爱霞, 马婧婧, 龚会蝶, 范国安, 王茂, 赵红梅, 程军回 (2021) 北疆一年生早春短命植物物种丰富度分布格局及其影响因素. 生物多样性, 29, 735-745. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020331.

Aixia Wang, Jingjing Ma, Huidie Gong, Guoan Fan, Mao Wang, Hongmei Zhao, Junhui Cheng (2021) Patterns and drivers of species richness of early spring annual ephemeral plants in northern Xinjiang. Biodiversity Science, 29, 735-745. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020331.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2020331

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2021/V29/I6/735

图/表 5

图1 北疆一年生早春短命植物调查样地分布

Fig. 1 Sampling sites of early spring annual ephemeral plants in northern Xinjiang

表1 各样地基本信息(经纬度和海拔)、物种丰富度特征

Table 1 Basic information (latitude, longitude and elevation) and species richness

样地号 Sites	纬度 Latitude (N)	经度 Longitude (E)	海拔 Elevation (m)	物种丰富度 Species richness (Mean ± SD)
1	44.12°	80.84°	696	6.6 ± 1.17
2	43.46°	81.92°	1,130	1.5 ± 0.53
3	43.67°	81.16°	914	5.0 ± 0.94
4	43.66°	81.99°	739	4.6 ± 1.65
5	43.61°	82.75°	826	2.5 ± 0.58
6	43.40°	83.15°	934	3.6 ± 1.07
7	43.64°	81.69°	678	3.0 ± 1.85
8	44.37°	87.88°	448	5.6 ± 1.26
9	44.09°	88.68°	748	2.7 ± 0.67
10	43.69°	89.51°	1,488	1.2 ± 0.42
11	44.21°	90.07°	742	3.3 ± 1.49
12	44.96°	88.94°	556	2.8 ± 1.14
13	44.95°	88.58°	632	3.5 ± 1.72
14	45.22°	87.78°	589	3.3 ± 1.42
15	45.41°	86.91°	395	3.5 ± 1.51
16	45.47°	85.75°	286	1.3± 0.50
17	46.23°	85.84°	502	1.5 ± 0.71
18	47.28°	86.73°	665	1.25 ± 0.50
19	47.67°	86.88°	497	1.6 ± 0.70
20	47.04°	88.92°	802	1.6 ± 0.70
21	47.50°	87.31°	494	1.7 ± 0.67
22	47.04°	88.92°	802	1.0^#
23	46.79°	89.58°	954	1.6 ± 0.97
24	45.82°	89.52°	1,021	2.6 ± 1.78
25	45.16°	89.36°	1,073	1.2 ± 0.42
26	44.63°	88.82°	538	4.8 ± 1.32
27	44.16°	88.71°	603	3.0 ± 1.25
28	44.91°	84.81°	287	4.2 ± 1.23
29	46.04°	83.60°	864	4.0 ± 2.49
30	44.93°	82.62°	211	2.1 ± 1.29
31	44.52°	82.91°	411	3.5 ± 1.31
32	44.35°	85.09°	532	6.1 ± 2.60

图2 一年生早春短命植物物种丰富度随海拔梯度(a)、年均温度(b)、冬季降水量(c)、2?5月降水量(d)、末次冰期以来降水变化距平(e)、土壤养分(f, g)和群落地上生物量变化特征(h)。图中实线和虚线分别代表在显著性0.05水平下的拟合关系及95%置信区间。SOC: 土壤有机碳; TN: 土壤全氮; 冬季指前一年12月至翌年2月。

Fig. 2 Relationships of species richness of early spring annual ephemeral plants with elevation (a), annual mean temperature (b), precipitation in winter (c), precipitation from February to May (d), precipitation anomaly from February to May since the Last Glacial Maximum (e), soil nutrients conditions (f, g) and aboveground biomass (h). The solid and dotted lines represented fitted relationship and its confidence interval at the significant level of 0.05. SOC and TN were abbreviations of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen, respectively. Here winter was defined from December to February.

图3 海拔(Ele)、气候(Clim, 包括冬季降水、2?5月降水、末次冰期以来2?5月降水变化距平和年平均温度)、土壤养分(Soil, 土壤pH和碳氮比)和地上生物量对一年生早春短命植物物种丰富度的影响途径和强度。图中蓝色和红色线条分别代表通径系数为正值和负值。*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.0001。

Fig. 3 Direct and indirect effects of elevation (Ele), climate (Clim, including precipitation in winter, precipitation from February to May, anomaly of precipitation from February to May since the Last Glacial Maximum and annual mean temperature), soil nutrient availability (Soil, including soil pH, and ratio of soil organic carbon to total nitrogen) and aboveground biomass (AGB) on species richness (SR) of early spring ephemeral plants. The blue and red line indicated the positive and negative path coefficients, respectively. * P< 0.05, **P< 0.01, ***P< 0.0001.

图4 海拔、气候、土壤养分和地上生物量对一年生早春短命植物物种丰富度的总影响效应

Fig. 4 Total effects of elevation, climate, soil nutrient availability and aboveground biomass on species richness of early spring annual ephemeral plants

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北疆一年生早春短命植物物种丰富度分布格局及其影响因素

Patterns and drivers of species richness of early spring annual ephemeral plants in northern Xinjiang

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