八大公山国家级自然保护区不同生境蝶类群落特征与月动态

doi:10.17520/biods.2019333

生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (8): 950-957. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019333

所属专题：昆虫多样性与生态功能

八大公山国家级自然保护区不同生境蝶类群落特征与月动态

陈梦悦¹^,², 吴雨恒¹^,², 廖承清¹^,², 马方舟³^,^*(), 王星¹^,²^,^*()

^1. 湖南农业大学植物保护学院, 长沙 410128
^2. 植物病虫害生物学与防控湖南省重点实验室, 长沙 410128
^3. 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所/国家环境保护生物安全重点实验室, 南京 210042

收稿日期:2019-10-27 接受日期:2020-01-21 出版日期:2020-08-20 发布日期:2020-03-08
通讯作者: 马方舟,王星
作者简介:wangxing@hunau.edu.cn
*. E-mail: mfz@nies.org;
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC0507206);生态环境部生物多样性保护重大工程

The community characteristics and month dynamics of butterfly at different habitats in the Badagongshan National Nature Reserve

Mengyue Chen¹^,², Yuheng Wu¹^,², Chengqing Liao¹^,², Fangzhou Ma³^,^*(), Xing Wang¹^,²^,^*()

1 College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128
2 Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Changsha 410128
3 Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment; National Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042

Received:2019-10-27 Accepted:2020-01-21 Online:2020-08-20 Published:2020-03-08
Contact: Fangzhou Ma,Xing Wang

1. 附录1 八大公山国家级自然保护区蝴蝶名录.pdf(186KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解八大公山国家级自然保护区内的蝴蝶群落组成及海拔分布, 作者于2016-2018年间对该区域不同生境的蝴蝶群落进行了系统调查和多样性分析, 并持续观测其群落的月动态变化。本研究共记录蝴蝶6,164只, 隶属于5科107属191种。低海拔(250-450 m)生境记录到的蝴蝶以凤蝶亚科为主, 高海拔(1,200-1,400 m)生境以粉蝶亚科为主, 而中海拔(700-900 m)生境无明显的蝴蝶优势类群。相似性分析结果表明, 各生境存在很高比例的共有种(59%以上), 这些共有种在不同生境的个体数分布存在很大的差异。季节动态分析结果表明, 八大公山蝴蝶群落的物种数、个体数及多样性指数在4-6月逐渐上升, 7月达到峰值, 8-9月逐渐下降。总体来说, 八大公山的蝴蝶群落组成沿海拔梯度呈现垂直分布差异, 高海拔与低海拔存在明显的异质性, 中海拔则呈现出一种过渡状态; 且八大公山不同海拔的蝴蝶群落表现出较为一致的季节动态, 都具有很高比例的物种更替; 相对于低海拔, 高海拔生境蝴蝶群落的活跃期更短, 物种的时间周转率更高。

关键词: 物种多样性, 月动态, 蝴蝶, 八大公山, 生境, 海拔

Abstract

To explore the butterfly community composition and its altitude distribution in the Badagongshan National Nature Reserve, we investigated and analyzed the butterfly populations of different habitats at different altitudes, and continuously observed the monthly dynamics of their populations in 2016-2018. In this study, we recorded 6,164 butterfly individuals, belonging to 5 families, 107 genera, and 191 species. The survey results showed that the butterfly individuals recorded in low-altitude (250-450 m) and high-altitude (1,200-1,400 m) habitats were mainly Popilioninae and Pierinae, respectively, but mid-altitude (700-900 m) habitats did not have obvious dominant butterfly groups. Similarity analyses showed that there was a high proportion of common species (> 59%) in each habitat, but the individual distribution of these species in different habitats was different. Seasonal dynamic analyses showed that the butterflies in the Badagongshan were in the rising period from April to June including the species, individuals and diversity indices, usually reaching a peak in July, and then gradually decreasing from August to September. In general, the composition of the butterfly community in the Badagongshan is vertically distributed along the altitude gradient with heterogeneity between high and low altitude habitats and a transitional state at the middle altitude. The butterfly community in the Badagongshan showed consistent seasonal dynamics with a high percentage of species turnover. High altitude habitats had a shorter active period and higher species turnover than lower altitudes.

Key words: species diversity, month dynamics, butterfly, Badagongshan, habitat, altitude

陈梦悦, 吴雨恒, 廖承清, 马方舟, 王星 (2020) 八大公山国家级自然保护区不同生境蝶类群落特征与月动态. 生物多样性, 28, 950-957. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019333.

Mengyue Chen, Yuheng Wu, Chengqing Liao, Fangzhou Ma, Xing Wang (2020) The community characteristics and month dynamics of butterfly at different habitats in the Badagongshan National Nature Reserve. Biodiversity Science, 28, 950-957. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019333.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2019333

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2020/V28/I8/950

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参考文献 39

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科 Family	亚科 Subfamily	占生境内个体数的相对比例 Relative ratio of the number of individuals in habitats (%)
科 Family	亚科 Subfamily	生境A Habitat A	生境B Habitat B	生境C Habitat C	生境D Habitat D	生境E Habitat E
凤蝶科 Papilionidae	凤蝶亚科 Popilioninae	25.89	36.61	17.79	9.70	4.15
粉蝶科 Pieridae	粉蝶亚科 Pierinae	2.97	8.50	15.10	48.38	51.14
	黄粉蝶亚科 Coliodinae	16.72	10.92	7.89	2.74	2.27
	合计 Total	19.69	19.42	22.99	51.12	53.41
灰蝶科 Lycaenidae	灰蝶亚科 Lycueninae	4.49	8.70	10.07	7.74	8.19
	蚬蝶亚科 Riodininae	6.68	2.43	0.67	1.47	3.16
	银灰蝶亚科 Curetinae	1.85	1.55	1.01	0.20	0.00
	云灰蝶亚科 Miletinae	0.29	0.13	0.50	0.00	0.10
	合计 Total	13.31	12.81	12.25	9.41	11.45
蛱蝶科 Nymphalidae	线蛱蝶亚科 Limenitinae	13.90	9.78	11.24	5.09	4.34
	眼蝶亚科 Satyrinae	1.41	3.64	10.57	8.33	10.46
	蛱蝶亚科 Nymphalinae	5.22	2.43	1.51	3.62	1.48
	鳌蛱蝶亚科 Choraxinae	6.39	2.56	0.34	0.29	0.00
	丝蛱蝶亚科 Cyrestinae	2.97	3.51	7.55	0.59	0.20
	闪蛱蝶亚科 Apiturinae	2.10	2.56	2.68	1.08	0.59
	喙蝶亚科 Libytheinae	0.49	0.61	2.85	1.67	1.97
	袖蝶亚科 Heliconiinae	0.34	0.74	0.34	2.15	2.07
	合计 Total	32.82	25.83	37.08	22.82	21.11
弄蝶科 Hesperiidae	花弄蝶亚科 Pyrginae	2.88	3.57	8.72	4.02	5.63
	弄蝶亚科 Hesperiinae	5.02	1.69	0.67	2.45	2.27
	竖翅弄蝶亚科 Coeliadinae	0.20	0.00	0.50	0.10	0.79
	链弄蝶亚科 Hcrcroptcrinae	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.79
	合计 Total	8.10	5.26	9.89	6.57	9.48

科 Family	亚科 Subfamily	占生境内个体数的相对比例 Relative ratio of the number of individuals in habitats (%)
科 Family	亚科 Subfamily	生境A Habitat A	生境B Habitat B	生境C Habitat C	生境D Habitat D	生境E Habitat E
凤蝶科 Papilionidae	凤蝶亚科 Popilioninae	25.89	36.61	17.79	9.70	4.15
粉蝶科 Pieridae	粉蝶亚科 Pierinae	2.97	8.50	15.10	48.38	51.14
	黄粉蝶亚科 Coliodinae	16.72	10.92	7.89	2.74	2.27
	合计 Total	19.69	19.42	22.99	51.12	53.41
灰蝶科 Lycaenidae	灰蝶亚科 Lycueninae	4.49	8.70	10.07	7.74	8.19
	蚬蝶亚科 Riodininae	6.68	2.43	0.67	1.47	3.16
	银灰蝶亚科 Curetinae	1.85	1.55	1.01	0.20	0.00
	云灰蝶亚科 Miletinae	0.29	0.13	0.50	0.00	0.10
	合计 Total	13.31	12.81	12.25	9.41	11.45
蛱蝶科 Nymphalidae	线蛱蝶亚科 Limenitinae	13.90	9.78	11.24	5.09	4.34
	眼蝶亚科 Satyrinae	1.41	3.64	10.57	8.33	10.46
	蛱蝶亚科 Nymphalinae	5.22	2.43	1.51	3.62	1.48
	鳌蛱蝶亚科 Choraxinae	6.39	2.56	0.34	0.29	0.00
	丝蛱蝶亚科 Cyrestinae	2.97	3.51	7.55	0.59	0.20
	闪蛱蝶亚科 Apiturinae	2.10	2.56	2.68	1.08	0.59
	喙蝶亚科 Libytheinae	0.49	0.61	2.85	1.67	1.97
	袖蝶亚科 Heliconiinae	0.34	0.74	0.34	2.15	2.07
	合计 Total	32.82	25.83	37.08	22.82	21.11
弄蝶科 Hesperiidae	花弄蝶亚科 Pyrginae	2.88	3.57	8.72	4.02	5.63
	弄蝶亚科 Hesperiinae	5.02	1.69	0.67	2.45	2.27
	竖翅弄蝶亚科 Coeliadinae	0.20	0.00	0.50	0.10	0.79
	链弄蝶亚科 Hcrcroptcrinae	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.79
	合计 Total	8.10	5.26	9.89	6.57	9.48

	生境A Habitat A	生境B Habitat B	生境C Habitat C	生境D Habitat D	生境E Habitat E
生境A Habitat A		0.7801	0.6791	0.6053	0.6266
生境B Habitat B	0.7077		0.6765	0.6083	0.5946
生境C Habitat C	0.5775	0.7816		0.6073	0.6224
生境D Habitat D	0.1352	0.1929	0.3905		0.7177
生境E Habitat E	0.680	0.959	0.3223	0.9733

	生境A Habitat A	生境B Habitat B	生境C Habitat C	生境D Habitat D	生境E Habitat E
生境A Habitat A		0.7801	0.6791	0.6053	0.6266
生境B Habitat B	0.7077		0.6765	0.6083	0.5946
生境C Habitat C	0.5775	0.7816		0.6073	0.6224
生境D Habitat D	0.1352	0.1929	0.3905		0.7177
生境E Habitat E	0.680	0.959	0.3223	0.9733

生境类型 Habitat type	累加物种数 Species cumulative number	平均物种数 Average number of species	累积物种数 Species accumulation	物种累积速率 Species accumulation rate (%)
生境A Habitat A	166.0 ± 6.7^a	27.7 ± 1.1^a	78.7 ± 4.4^a	35.37 ± 1.29^a
生境B Habitat B	137.0 ± 10.2^b	22.8 ± 1.7^b	69.3 ± 5.2^ab	32.94 ± 0.06^a
生境C Habitat C	82.7 ± 4.4^c	13.8 ± 0.7^c	49.7 ± 2.2^c	27.75 ± 1.09^b
生境D Habitat D	100.0 ± 7.6^c	16.7 ± 1.3^c	62.7 ± 4.1^bc	26.56 ± 0.53^b
生境E Habitat E	88.7 ± 10.3^c	14.7 ± 1.7^c	56.0 ± 5.9^bc	26.33 ± 0.92^b
总计 Total	318.0 ± 22.7	53.0 ± 3.8	133.0 ± 10.8	40.00 ± 1.54

八大公山国家级自然保护区不同生境蝶类群落特征与月动态

The community characteristics and month dynamics of butterfly at different habitats in the Badagongshan National Nature Reserve

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