滇西太保山森林公园子囊菌门虫生真菌物种多样性及其消长动态

doi:10.17520/biods.2019135

生物多样性 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (9): 993-1001. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019135 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2019135

所属专题：青藏高原生物多样性与生态安全

滇西太保山森林公园子囊菌门虫生真菌物种多样性及其消长动态

陈自宏¹,王元兵²,代永东²,陈凯¹,徐玲^1,^*(),何謦成^3,^*()

1 保山学院高黎贡山生物资源研究所, 云南保山 678000
2 云南大学中草药生物资源研究所云百草实验室, 昆明 650091
3 云南农业大学学报编辑部, 昆明 650201

收稿日期:2019-04-18 接受日期:2019-06-21 出版日期:2019-09-20 发布日期:2019-09-25
通讯作者: 徐玲,何謦成
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金地区基金(31460153);云南省科技厅地方本科高校基础研究联合专项资金重点项目(2017FH001-126);云南省科技厅地方本科高校基础研究联合专项资金面上项目(2017FH001-029);保山市第六批中青年学术和技术带头人项目(bszqnxshjsdtr201701);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2017M613017);云南省高校滇西昆虫资源保护与利用重点实验室建设项目

Species diversity and seasonal fluctuation of entomogenous fungi of Ascomycota in Taibaoshan Forest Park in western Yunnan

Zihong Chen¹,Yuanbing Wang²,Yongdong Dai²,Kai Chen¹,Ling Xu^1,^*(),Qingcheng He^3,^*()

1 Institute of Biological Resources of Gaoligong Mountains, Baoshan University, Baoshan, Yunnan 678000
2 Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, Institute of Herbal Biotic Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091
3 Editorial Office of Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201

Received:2019-04-18 Accepted:2019-06-21 Online:2019-09-20 Published:2019-09-25
Contact: Ling Xu,Qingcheng He

1. 附录1 本文用于系统发育分析的虫生真菌物种多基因序列信息.pdf(177KB)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

云南及青藏高原存在着丰富的虫生真菌资源。本文选择云南省保山市省级城市森林公园太保山森林公园为研究区域, 对子囊菌门虫生真菌物种多样性及其季节消长动态开展了系统研究。在2016年每月采集土样和罹病昆虫, 分离虫生真菌菌株, 采用多基因(nrSSU, nrLSU, EF-1α, RPB1和RPB2)系统发育分析进行物种鉴定, 通过α多样性分析来研究虫生真菌的数量特征和种群消长动态。太保山森林公园子囊菌门虫生真菌全年均有分布, 共获得395个菌株, 包括3科9属24种; 优势属为虫草属(Cordyceps) (6个种199个菌株), 白僵菌属(Beauveria) (5个种80个菌株), 优势种依次为Akanthomyces sp.、Cordyceps tenuipes、C. cicadae、C. fumosorosea和Beauveria bassiana。7月菌株检出率最高(85株, 占总数的21.4%), 8月物种丰富度(15种)和多样性指数(2.35)最高。在5个优势种中, 只有Cordyceps cicadae受季节变化影响较大, 集中分布于5-9月, 7月分布最丰富(35株, 占该月菌株总数的41.2%); 其他4个种一年大部分时间(11或12个月)都能检测到。结果表明, 太保山森林公园子囊菌门虫生真菌资源丰富, 多数优势种对季节变化适应能力较强。

关键词: 太保山森林公园, 虫生真菌, 物种多样性, 优势属种, 消长动态

Abstract

Yunnan Province and the Tibetan Plateau are home to a large diversity of entomogenous fungi. We selected Taibaoshan Forest Park of Baoshan City, in Yunnan to investigate the species diversity of entomogenous fungi of Ascomycota and their seasonal fluctuations throughout the year. We collected samples of soil and infected insects monthly in 2016, and the entomogenous fungal strains were isolated before multigene (nrSSU, nrLSU, EF-1α, RPB1, and RPB2) phylogenetic analyses were used to identify species. Finally we quanitifed the fluctuations throughout the year in alpha diversity. Entomogenous fungi of Ascomycota in Taibaoshan Forest Park were found through the entire year and we identified a total of 395 fungal strains, including 24 species from nine genera of three families. Cordyceps (199 strains of six species) and Beauveria (80 strains of five species) were the dominant genera. Akanthomyces sp., Cordyceps tenuipes, C. cicadae, C. fumosorosea and Beauveria bassiana were the dominant species. The detection rate of strains was the highest (85 strains, 21.4% of the total) in July, But the species richness (15 species) and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (2.35) were the highest in August. Among the five most dominant species, only C. cicadae was much affected by seasonal changes: occurring from May to September and being most prosperous in July (35 strains, 41.2% of the total strains in July). The other four species were detected through most of the year (11 or 12 months), indicating a constant abundance of entomogenous Ascomycota were abundant in Taibaoshan Forest Park, regardless of seasonal changes.

Key words: Taibaoshan Forest Park, entomogenous fungi, species diversity, dominant genera and species, population dynamics

陈自宏,王元兵,代永东,陈凯,徐玲,何謦成 (2019) 滇西太保山森林公园子囊菌门虫生真菌物种多样性及其消长动态. 生物多样性, 27, 993-1001. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019135.

Zihong Chen,Yuanbing Wang,Yongdong Dai,Kai Chen,Ling Xu,Qingcheng He (2019) Species diversity and seasonal fluctuation of entomogenous fungi of Ascomycota in Taibaoshan Forest Park in western Yunnan. Biodiversity Science, 27, 993-1001. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019135.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2019135

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2019/V27/I9/993

图/表 5

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科 Family	属 Genus	物种 Species	菌株数 Strain number	重要值 Importance value
虫草科 Cordycipitaceae	刺束梗孢属 Akanthomyces	Akanthomyces sp.	73	0.185
虫草科 Cordycipitaceae	白僵菌属 Beauveria	球孢白僵菌 B. bassiana	52	0.132
		假球孢白僵菌 B. pseudobassiana	20	0.051
		墨脱白僵菌 B. medogensis	4	0.010
		亚洲白僵菌 B. asiatica	2	0.005
		布氏白僵菌 B. brongniartii	2	0.005
	虫草属 Cordyceps	蝉花 C. cicadae	56	0.142
		高雄山虫草 C. tenuipes	56	0.142
		玫烟色虫草 C. fumosorosea	54	0.137
		环链虫草 C. cateniannulata	28	0.071
		斜链虫草 C. cateniobliqua	4	0.010
		双梭孢虫草 C. bifusispora	1	0.003
	球束梗孢属 Gibellula	丽球束梗孢 G. pulchra	18	0.046
	蜡蚧菌属 Lecanicillium	刀孢蜡蚧菌 L. psalliotae	3	0.008
线虫草科 Ophiocordycipitaceae	线虫草属 Ophiocordyceps	黄棒线虫草 O. clavata	1	0.003
线虫草科 Ophiocordycipitaceae		红蚁线虫草 O. myrmicarum	1	0.003
		蚁生线虫草 O. myrmecophila	1	0.003
	多头霉属 Polycephalomyces	枝多头霉 P. ramosus	2	0.005
		枝垫多头霉 P. ramosopulvinatus	1	0.003
	紫孢菌属 Purpureocillium	淡紫紫孢菌 P. lilacinum	4	0.010
		蜘蛛紫孢菌 P. atypicola	1	0.003
麦角菌科 Clavicipitaceae	绿僵菌属 Metarhizium	金龟子绿僵菌 M. anisopliae	6	0.015
麦角菌科 Clavicipitaceae		莱氏绿僵菌 M. rileyi	3	0.013
		鳞腮绿僵菌 M. lepidiotae	2	0.008

科 Family	属 Genus	物种 Species	菌株数 Strain number	重要值 Importance value
虫草科 Cordycipitaceae	刺束梗孢属 Akanthomyces	Akanthomyces sp.	73	0.185
虫草科 Cordycipitaceae	白僵菌属 Beauveria	球孢白僵菌 B. bassiana	52	0.132
		假球孢白僵菌 B. pseudobassiana	20	0.051
		墨脱白僵菌 B. medogensis	4	0.010
		亚洲白僵菌 B. asiatica	2	0.005
		布氏白僵菌 B. brongniartii	2	0.005
	虫草属 Cordyceps	蝉花 C. cicadae	56	0.142
		高雄山虫草 C. tenuipes	56	0.142
		玫烟色虫草 C. fumosorosea	54	0.137
		环链虫草 C. cateniannulata	28	0.071
		斜链虫草 C. cateniobliqua	4	0.010
		双梭孢虫草 C. bifusispora	1	0.003
	球束梗孢属 Gibellula	丽球束梗孢 G. pulchra	18	0.046
	蜡蚧菌属 Lecanicillium	刀孢蜡蚧菌 L. psalliotae	3	0.008
线虫草科 Ophiocordycipitaceae	线虫草属 Ophiocordyceps	黄棒线虫草 O. clavata	1	0.003
线虫草科 Ophiocordycipitaceae		红蚁线虫草 O. myrmicarum	1	0.003
		蚁生线虫草 O. myrmecophila	1	0.003
	多头霉属 Polycephalomyces	枝多头霉 P. ramosus	2	0.005
		枝垫多头霉 P. ramosopulvinatus	1	0.003
	紫孢菌属 Purpureocillium	淡紫紫孢菌 P. lilacinum	4	0.010
		蜘蛛紫孢菌 P. atypicola	1	0.003
麦角菌科 Clavicipitaceae	绿僵菌属 Metarhizium	金龟子绿僵菌 M. anisopliae	6	0.015
麦角菌科 Clavicipitaceae		莱氏绿僵菌 M. rileyi	3	0.013
		鳞腮绿僵菌 M. lepidiotae	2	0.008

月份 Month	菌株数 No. of strains	物种丰富度Species richness	优势度指数 Dominance index	均匀度 Evenness	Shannon-Wiener index	空气温度 Air temperature (℃)	空气湿度 Air humidity (%)
1	16	4	0.33	0.87	1.21	10 ± 2.1	44 ± 3.2
2	20	6	0.26	0.86	1.54	14 ± 2.8	43 ± 3.6
3	13	6	0.29	0.83	1.48	17 ± 2.3	40 ± 3.1
4	11	5	0.26	0.91	1.47	21 ± 2.2	46 ± 2.6
5	20	7	0.18	0.94	1.83	26 ± 2.3	68 ± 4.3
6	59	11	0.14	0.89	2.14	28 ± 1.1	83 ± 3.0
7	85	10	0.21	0.82	1.89	28 ± 1.5	75 ± 5.9
8	59	15	0.11	0.87	2.35	29 ± 0.8	57 ± 5.1
9	40	8	0.23	0.81	1.69	25 ± 1.1	63 ± 4.0
10	28	8	0.20	0.87	1.80	24 ± 1.2	60 ± 4.2
11	30	7	0.22	0.88	1.71	18 ± 1.7	51 ± 1.5
12	14	6	0.29	0.82	1.48	14 ± 1.6	47 ± 2.3

月份 Month	菌株数 No. of strains	物种丰富度Species richness	优势度指数 Dominance index	均匀度 Evenness	Shannon-Wiener index	空气温度 Air temperature (℃)	空气湿度 Air humidity (%)
1	16	4	0.33	0.87	1.21	10 ± 2.1	44 ± 3.2
2	20	6	0.26	0.86	1.54	14 ± 2.8	43 ± 3.6
3	13	6	0.29	0.83	1.48	17 ± 2.3	40 ± 3.1
4	11	5	0.26	0.91	1.47	21 ± 2.2	46 ± 2.6
5	20	7	0.18	0.94	1.83	26 ± 2.3	68 ± 4.3
6	59	11	0.14	0.89	2.14	28 ± 1.1	83 ± 3.0
7	85	10	0.21	0.82	1.89	28 ± 1.5	75 ± 5.9
8	59	15	0.11	0.87	2.35	29 ± 0.8	57 ± 5.1
9	40	8	0.23	0.81	1.69	25 ± 1.1	63 ± 4.0
10	28	8	0.20	0.87	1.80	24 ± 1.2	60 ± 4.2
11	30	7	0.22	0.88	1.71	18 ± 1.7	51 ± 1.5
12	14	6	0.29	0.82	1.48	14 ± 1.6	47 ± 2.3

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滇西太保山森林公园子囊菌门虫生真菌物种多样性及其消长动态

Species diversity and seasonal fluctuation of entomogenous fungi of Ascomycota in Taibaoshan Forest Park in western Yunnan

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