生物多样性 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (11): 1243-1248.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018117

• 保护论坛 • 上一篇    下一篇

IPBES土地退化和恢复专题评估报告及其潜在影响

张博雅, 潘玉雪, 徐靖, 田瑜*()   

  1. 中国环境科学研究院生物多样性研究中心, 北京 100012
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-13 接受日期:2018-06-27 出版日期:2018-11-20 发布日期:2019-01-08
  • 通讯作者: 田瑜
  • 作者简介:# 共同第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    生态环境部生物多样性调查与评估专项(2096001006)

IPBES thematic assessment on land degradation and restoration and its potential impact

Boya Zhang, Yuxue Pan, Jing Xu, Yu Tian*()   

  1. Biodiversity Research Center, Chinese Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012
  • Received:2018-04-13 Accepted:2018-06-27 Online:2018-11-20 Published:2019-01-08
  • Contact: Tian Yu
  • About author:# Co-first authors

摘要:

随着国际社会对生物多样性保护和人类福祉关注度的提升, 土地退化作为全球面临的重要问题逐渐成为国际公约和进程关注的热点问题。生物多样性和生态系统服务政府间科学政策平台(Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, IPBES)将“土地退化和恢复”列入2014-2018年工作方案, 开展评估。2018年3月, 该评估报告在IPBES第六次全体会议上获得通过。本文概述了评估报告的主要内容和结论, 探讨了对其他国际进程的可能影响。评估报告在IPBES概念框架的基础上, 厘清了土地退化的概念与内涵, 全面梳理了土地退化对人类生活质量的影响, 阐明了土地退化的现状和进程, 分析了直接和间接驱动因素与土地退化的作用, 揭示了土地退化与人类福祉的关系, 提出了土地退化和恢复的对策建议。该项评估将为各国决策者制定政策工具提供最有效的技术支撑, 为相关国际进程谈判提供重要的科学参考。中国作为生物多样性大国, 应重视IPBES的评估机制并积极参与, 加强促进生物多样性和生态系统服务领域的科学成果转化, 适时针对国内关键问题启动相关评估, 促进我国生态文明建设和山水林田湖草系统治理, 实现美丽中国的建设目标。

关键词: 土地退化和恢复, 生物多样性, 生态系统服务, 人类福祉, IPBES

Abstract

With increasing international concern for biodiversity and human well-being, land degradation has increasingly become the foci of international conventions and processes. In the 2014-2018 Work Program of Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), “Land degradation and restoration” was included as one of the three major thematic assessment activities. The assessment report was completed by three hundred experts around the world in three years and adopted at the sixth plenary meeting of IPBES in March 2018. This article outlines the main contents and conclusions of the assessment, discusses possible impacts on other international processes, and proposes future work within our country. Based on the conceptual framework of IPBES, the assessment report comprehensively clarified the impact of land degradation on human life quality, the status and progress of land degradation, the role of direct and indirect drivers on land degradation, the relationship between land degradation and human well-being, and proposed suggestions for mitigating land degradation and promoting restoration. The assessment will provide policy makers in various countries with effective technical support for formulating policy tools and scientific references for negotiation of relevant international processes. As a country with rich biodiversity, China should accord importance to IPBES assessment mechanism and actively participate in strengthening the promotion of scientific achievements in the field of conserving biodiversity, initiate assessment on key domestic issues related to biodiversity and ecosystem services in a timely manner, to promote the construction of ecological civilization in our country, adopt a holistic approach to conserving our mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, and grasslands, achieve the construction goal of beautiful China.

Key words: land degradation and restoration, biodiversity, ecosystem services, human well-being, IPBES