地方战略与行动助力中国生物多样性保护目标路径研究

doi:10.17520/biods.2025365

生物多样性

地方战略与行动助力中国生物多样性保护目标路径研究

吴杨¹, 杨梦婵¹, 孙芳芳^1*, 田瑜^2*

1. 深圳市环境科学研究院, 广东深圳 518022; 2. 自然资源部中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心, 北京 100055

收稿日期:2025-09-09 修回日期:2025-10-21
通讯作者: 孙芳芳, 田瑜

Local Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans and their contributions to the realization of China’s Biodiversity Conservation Goals

Yang Wu¹, Mengchan Yang¹, Fangfang Sun^1*, Yu Tian^2*

1. Shenzhen Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518022, China

2. Command Center for Comprehensive Survey of Natural Resources, China Geological Survey Bureau, Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing 100055, China

Received:2025-09-09 Revised:2025-10-21
Contact: Fangfang Sun, Yu Tian

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 《中国生物多样性保护战略与行动计划(2023‒2030年)》(简称中国NBSAP)的发布带动了新一轮地方生物多样性保护战略与行动计划(LBSAP)的编制与更新。本文通过收集整理中国NBSAP出台后发布的省级LBSAP, 从保护目标、优先行动和保障机制3个方面比较分析省级LBSAP对中国NBSAP的响应情况，以及地方生物多样性治理与国家行动的衔接性, 探讨我国不同地区、省际间目标设定差异与影响因素, 揭示多层级治理中的瓶颈并提出优化路径。研究发现, 省级LBSAP在目标设定、行动方向和保障机制等方面与中国NBSAP密切衔接, 省级LBSAP在中国NBSAP框架的基础上因地制宜地提出了具有地方特色的目标、行动和保障举措, 不同区域的LBSAP呈现出不同特征, 以反映当地独特的生物多样性状况、社会经济条件和保护需求。多数地方的LBSAP战略和行动仍面临目标路径不清晰、部门协调不畅、资金不足、科技力量薄弱、公众参与不足的困境。为此, 本文建议各地可通过科学编制和实施LBSAP, 从目标设定、跨部门跨地区合作、资金、科技、人才和社会参与等方面统筹协调, 优化资源配置, 助力中国NBSAP目标实现。

关键词: 生物多样性, 国家生物多样性战略与行动计划, 地方生物多样性保护战略与行动计划, 响应, 地方实施路径, 治理

Abstract

Background & Aims: In response to the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, China released the China Biodiversity Conservation Strategy and Action Plan (2023-2030) (China NBSAP) in January 2024, aiming to guide the overall layout of biodiversity conservation in China and provide guidance for local efforts in biodiversity conservation. The release of China NBSAP has spurred the formulation and update of a new round of LBSAPs. This paper collects and summarizes the new round of LBSAPs released by 17 provinces (municipalities, autonomous regions) in China after the release of the China NBSAP. The response of LBSAPs to China's NBSAP was analyzed from three aspects: protection goals, priority actions, and guarantee mechanisms. The compatibility between local biodiversity governance and national actions was sorted out. The differences and influencing factors in target setting among different regions and provinces in China were studied. The bottlenecks in multi-level governance were revealed and the optimization paths were proposed.

Results: The provincial LBSAPs are closely aligned with the goals, action directions and guarantee mechanisms of China NBSAP. Based on the framework of the China NBSAP, each province has proposed local goals, actions, and guarantee measures in accordance with local conditions. The characteristics of biodiversity governance show regional differences. The economically developed eastern coastal regions are relatively advanced in terms of governance concepts, policy innovation and technological application compared to the central and western regions. However, most local biodiversity protection efforts still face difficulties such as unclear target paths, poor departmental coordination, insufficient funds, weak technological capabilities and insufficient public participation.

Recommendations: The state should promote and guide localities to scientifically formulate and implement LBSAPs, and local governments urgently need to strengthen overall coordination, optimize fund allocation, enhance scientific and technological capabilities, and promote the collaborative efforts of the central and local governments in biodiversity governance to help achieve the goals of China NBSAP.

Key words: biodiversity, National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, Local Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, response, local implementation pathways, governance

吴杨, 杨梦婵, 孙芳芳, 田瑜. 地方战略与行动助力中国生物多样性保护目标路径研究. 生物多样性, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025365.

Yang Wu, Mengchan Yang, Fangfang Sun, Yu Tian. Local Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans and their contributions to the realization of China’s Biodiversity Conservation Goals. Biodiversity Science, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025365.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2025365

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