晋西北风沙区植被与生物结皮协同发育对土壤细菌群落的影响

doi:10.17520/biods.2025236

生物多样性

晋西北风沙区植被与生物结皮协同发育对土壤细菌群落的影响

李尚炫^1,2, 明姣^1,2, 陈根娟^1,2, 武杰^1,2, 张丙昌^1,2*

1.山西师范大学地理科学学院,太原030031;2.山西师范大学黄河中游生态环境研究中心,太原030031

收稿日期:2025-06-20 修回日期:2025-08-29
通讯作者: 张丙昌
基金资助:
晋西北丘陵风沙区生物结皮生态功能演替及微生物学机制(42271067)

Effects of vegetation and biocrust synergistic development on soil bacterial communities in the Loess sandy-hilly area of northwestern Shanxi Province

Shangxuan Li^1,2, Jiao Ming^1,2, Genjuan Chen^1,2, Jie Wu^1,2, Bingchang Zhang^1,2*

1 School of Geographical Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031

2 Ecological Environment Research Center of the Middle Yellow River, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031

Received:2025-06-20 Revised:2025-08-29
Contact: Bingchang Zhang

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤细菌作为生物结皮微生物群落的核心组分，在干旱半干旱生态系统中具有不可替代的功能。晋西北风沙区是典型的生态脆弱区，该区域植被和生物结皮协同作用对土壤细菌群落多样性的影响尚不明确。本研究选取该区域三种不同植被(草地、灌木、林地)下的藻结皮和藓结皮，通过高通量测序和环境因子分析，探究了植被-生物结皮协同作用下土壤细菌群落特征及其相关的关键环境因子。结果表明：(1) 植被与生物结皮共同影响土壤养分，灌木和林地对土壤养分具明显的富集作用；生物结皮演替显著提高土壤养分含量，但土壤pH值明显降低；(2) 生物结皮类型与植被类型均影响细菌群落的α-多样性、关键物种的相对丰度及群落结构。在相同结皮类型中，林地的Chao1指数、Shannon指数均高于草地和灌木；且草地与灌木的细菌门和目的相对丰度具有显著差异(P < 0.05)。(3) Mantel test结果表明土壤pH、有机碳和全氮与细菌群落的相异度(Bray-curtis)显著相关(P < 0.05)，α-多样性与总有机碳和铵态氮呈极显著相关(P < 0.01)。晋西北风沙区植被与生物结皮共同影响土壤养分，进而影响细菌多样性。土壤 pH、有机碳、全氮及铵态氮是影响细菌群落的关键因子。本研究结果丰富了生物结皮细菌多样性的认识，为深入理解该地区生态系统生物多样性与功能稳定性提供科学证据。

关键词: 黄土风沙区, 植被变化, 生物结皮, 细菌群落多样性, 环境因子

Abstract

Aims: Soil bacteria are key components in biological soil crusts (BSCs). They play irreplaceable functional roles in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. Loess sandy-hilly area of northwestern Shanxi Province is typical fragile ecosystem. However, the effects of vegetation and BSCs on soil bacterial diversity in this area remain unknown.

Method: Algal and moss crusts under three vegetation types (grassland, shrubland, and woodland) were chosen in this area. Soil bacterial community and their key environmental regulating factors were explored by high-throughput sequencing and environmental analysis. The results showed that: (1) Vegetation and BSCs jointly affected soil nutrients. Shrubs and Woodland had significant enrichment effects on soil nutrients. BSCs succession significantly increased the nutrient content in the soil but decreased the soil pH value. (2) Both the BSCs and vegetation types influenced on the α-diversity, relative abundances of key species, and community structure of bacterial communities. Higher species richness was observed in forestlands for both algal and moss crusts. For the same BSC type, significant differences in bacterial relative abundances at the phylum and order levels were observed between grasslands and shrublands (P < 0.05). (3) Mantel tests revealed soil pH, soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen showed significant relation with bacterial community dissimilarity (Bray- Curtis) (P < 0.05), while α- diversity of bacterial community represented strong association with organic carbon and ammonium nitrogen (P < 0.01).

Conclusion: Vegetation and BSCs co-modulate soil nutrients and bacterial diversity in northwestern area of Shanxi Province, with pH, SOC, TN and NH_₄^⁺-N being key community drivers. The results enhance our understanding of bacterial diversity in BSCs and provide scientific evidence for a deeper comprehension of ecosystem biodiversity and functional stability in this area.

Key words: Loess sandy-hilly area, Vegetation change, Biological soil crusts, Bacterial community diversity, Environmental factors

李尚炫, 明姣, 陈根娟, 陈静, 武杰, 张丙昌. 晋西北风沙区植被与生物结皮协同发育对土壤细菌群落的影响. 生物多样性, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025236.

Shangxuan Li, Jiao Ming, Genjuan Chen, Jing Chen, Jie Wu, Bingchang Zhang. Effects of vegetation and biocrust synergistic development on soil bacterial communities in the Loess sandy-hilly area of northwestern Shanxi Province. Biodiversity Science, DOI: 10.17520/biods.2025236.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2025236

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