生物多样性 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 25205.  DOI: 10.17520/biods2025205  cstr: 32101.14.biods.2025205

• 研究报告: 遗传多样性 •    下一篇

亚马孙金冠娇鹟同倍体杂交物种形成的分子机制

杨至恒1, 王则夫2*, 刘建全1,3, 毛康珊1, 李家亮1*   

  1. 1. 四川大学生命科学学院, 生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室, 成都 610064; 2. 南京林业大学生态与环境学院, 林木遗传育种全国重点实验室, 南方现代林业协同创新中心, 南京 210037; 3. 兰州大学生态学院, 草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室, 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-05-31 修回日期:2026-07-14 出版日期:2026-08-20 发布日期:2026-10-21
  • 通讯作者: 王则夫, 李家亮
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32422053); 国家自然科学基金(32300194); 中国博士后科学基金(BX20230241); 中国博士后科学基金(2024M752196); 中央高校基础科研经费(SCU2025D003); 中央高校基础科研经费(SCU2024D003); 中央高校基础科研经费(2023SCU12108)

Molecular mechanisms underlying homoploid hybrid speciation in the Amazonian golden-crowned manakin

Zhiheng Yang1, Zefu Wang2*, Jianquan Liu1,3, Kangshan Mao1, Jialiang Li1*   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Bio-resource and Eco-environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China 

    2 State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China 

    3 State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

  • Received:2025-05-31 Revised:2026-07-14 Online:2026-08-20 Published:2026-10-21
  • Contact: Zefu Wang, Jialiang Li

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摘要： 杂交是推动物种形成和表型多样化的重要机制之一。然而, 杂交后代如何在较短时间内建立与亲本物种之间的生殖隔离并进一步演化为独立谱系, 仍是演化生物学领域的关键科学问题。本研究以分布于亚马孙地区的同倍体杂交物种——金冠娇鹟(Lepidothrix vilasboasi)为研究对象, 基于其与亲本物种白顶娇鹟(L. nattereri)和乳白冠娇鹟(L. iris)的已发表基因组数据, 对其种群遗传结构、基因流和正选择基因进行了进一步探索, 旨在解析其同倍体杂交物种形成的分子机制。本研究在进一步证实金冠娇鹟为古老杂交起源的基础上, 还发现其基因组中交替继承并重新组合了来自两个亲本物种的与生殖隔离相关的正选择基因, 从而促成了其与亲本物种之间的生殖隔离, 并最终使其演化成为新物种。这些基因主要与皮肤色素沉淀和生殖系统发育有关, 可能参与合子前或合子后生殖隔离过程。进一步的基因家族分析显示, ADAMTS10、ASTL和ALX4基因经历了多次复制事件, ESRRG基因显著扩张, 而OCA2基因则表现出较强的演化保守性。本研究揭示了杂交在鸟类物种形成及表型多样化过程中的重要作用, 为理解同倍体杂交物种形成过程中生殖隔离建立的遗传基础提供了新的分子证据。此外, 本研究进一步验证了此前提出的同倍体杂交物种形成分子机制模型在不同类群中的适用性, 表明杂交后亲本遗传成分的重新组合及其后续演化可能是推动新物种形成的重要机制, 为深入探索杂交驱动物种形成的遗传基础提供了新的理论支持。

关键词: 杂交物种形成, 生殖隔离, 金冠娇鹟, 鸟类, 物种形成基因

Abstract

Aims: This study aims to investigate the evolutionary origin and molecular mechanisms underlying homoploid hybrid speciation in the golden-crowned manakin (Lepidothrix vilasboasi), a hybrid bird species distributed in the Amazon Basin. 

Methods: Using genome-wide SNP data from L. vilasboasi and its two parental species, the snow-capped manakin (L. nattereri) and the opal-crowned manakin (L. iris), we conducted population genetic analyses with ADMIXTURE and principal component analysis (PCA) to infer genetic structure, and employed D-statistics (ABBA-BABA tests) to examine gene flow patterns. We further applied a recently proposed molecular model of homoploid hybrid speciation to explore how hybridization contributes to reproductive isolation. Finally, gene family analyses of those positively selected genes were carried out using BLASTP, MAFFT alignments, and phylogenetic reconstruction to assess gene duplication and evolutionary constraint. 

Results: Our results supported the hypothesis that L. vilasboasi has an ancient hybrid origin. The establishment of reproductive isolation in this hybrid species may have been facilitated by the inheritance of alternate parental premating isolation-related candidate genes from both parental species. Genes related to skin pigmentation and reproductive system development were identified as potential contributors to both prezygotic and postzygotic isolation mechanisms. Gene family analysis revealed that ADAMTS10, ASTL, and ALX4 underwent multiple duplication events; ESRRG showed extensive gene expansion; and OCA2 exhibited strong evolutionary constraint and high sequence conservation. 

Conclusion: This study highlights the important role of hybridization in avian speciation and phenotypic diversification, providing new molecular evidence for the genetic basis of reproductive isolation in homoploid hybrid species. Our findings further support the applicability of the proposed molecular model of homoploid hybrid speciation across different lineages and suggest that the inheritance of alternate parental genomic components associated with reproductive isolation may facilitate the origin of new species.

Key words: hybrid speciation, reproductive isolation, golden-crowned manakin, avian species, speciation genes

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