黑龙江五大连池的生态价值分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08262

生物多样性 ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (1): 63-70. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08262 cstr: 32101.14.SP.J.1003.2011.08262

黑龙江五大连池的生态价值分析

周志强¹, 徐丽娇¹, 张玉红¹, 夏春梅², 李洪光³, 刘彤²^,^*(), 马克平⁴

1 东北林业大学森林植物生态学教育部重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040
2 东北林业大学林学院, 哈尔滨 150040
3 五大连池风景区管委会, 黑龙江五大连池 164155
4 中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093

收稿日期:2010-10-30 接受日期:2011-01-09 出版日期:2011-01-20 发布日期:2011-04-01
通讯作者: 刘彤
作者简介:*E-mail: frauliutong@yahoo.com.cn
基金资助:
黑龙江省科技攻关重大项目(GA09B201-02)

An analysis of the ecological value of Wudalianchi, Heilongjiang Province, China

Zhiqiang Zhou¹, Lijiao Xu¹, Yuhong Zhang¹, Chunmei Xia², Hongguang Li³, Tong Liu²^,^*(), Keping Ma⁴

1 The Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040
2 The School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040
3 Wudalianchi Scenic Area and Nature Reserve Management Committee, Wudalianchi, Heilongjiang 164155
4 State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093

Received:2010-10-30 Accepted:2011-01-09 Online:2011-01-20 Published:2011-04-01
Contact: Tong Liu

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

黑龙江五大连池处于大小兴安岭和松嫩平原的交错地带, 在过去210万年间经历了7次大规模的火山喷发, 是中国保存最为完好的内陆火山遗迹, 2010年被我国政府遴选为世界自然遗产提名地。为了科学、准确地阐述五大连池生态方面的突出普遍价值, 本文在《实施世界遗产公约操作指南》的框架下, 整合野外调查数据和文献资料, 在与其他相关世界遗产地充分比较的基础上, 较为全面地分析了五大连池的生态价值。五大连池植物地理特征交错, 区系来源广泛; 物种组成相对丰富; 发育在熔岩台地上的矮曲林反映了植物的特殊适应过程; 特有成因形成了陆生和水生两个完整的植被演替序列; 陆生植被演替同时存在普通演替和斑块动态演替两种模式, 在熔岩地貌上斑块动态演替模式更为随机而高效。上述生态特征充分展示了五大连池正在进行的生物生态过程, 体现了五大连池独特的生态价值, 为后续有效保护和深入科学研究提供了支撑。

关键词: 五大连池, 生态价值, 植被演替, 生态交错区, 适应

Abstract

Wudalianchi is located within the ecotone between the Great Hinggan Mountains, the Less Hinggan Mountains and the forest steppes of the Songnen Plain. As a result of seven volcanic eruptions in the past 2.1 million years, Wudalianchi contains the most well-preserved intra-continental volcanic remains in China, and was nominated in 2010 as a World Heritage Property. In order to state “the outstanding universal values” of the nominated property in terms of biodiversity and ecological processes, we analyzed data from field investigations and scientific literature under the lens of the Operational Guidelines provided by the World Heritage Committee, compared this data with data from other related Word Heritage Properties in order to analyze the ecological value of the site. We found the following: the property exhibits intersecting geographic characters of vegetation and extensive floral components; high relative species richness; special adaptations shown by dwarf poplar forests that developed under harsh climatic conditions and poor substrate; two distinct sequences of terrestrial and aquatic vegetation succession that has developed in this area, and patch dynamic succession model on block lava and pahoehoe lava was more random and efficient than the normal succession model. All of the above-mentioned characteristics show the on-going biological and ecological process and the outstanding ecological values of the property. We hope that our results will promote further scientific research and protection in this area.

Key words: Wudalianchi, ecological value, vegetation succession, ecotone, adaptation

周志强, 徐丽娇, 张玉红, 夏春梅, 李洪光, 刘彤, 马克平 (2011) 黑龙江五大连池的生态价值分析. 生物多样性, 19, 63-70. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08262.

Zhiqiang Zhou, Lijiao Xu, Yuhong Zhang, Chunmei Xia, Hongguang Li, Tong Liu, Keping Ma (2011) An analysis of the ecological value of Wudalianchi, Heilongjiang Province, China. Biodiversity Science, 19, 63-70. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08262.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.08262

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2011/V19/I1/63

图/表 7

图1 东古北界生物地理区划及五大连池位置(Udvardy, 1975)。图中数字表示不同生物地理省。

Fig. 1 Biogeographical provinces of the Eastern Half of the Palaearctic Biogeographical Realm (Udvardy, 1975). The numbers in the figure mean different biogeographical provinces.

图2 矮化香杨与普通香杨胸径(基径)与树高的关系。矮化香杨数据来自作者实测, 普通香杨数据来自吉林林科所(1976)。

Fig. 2 Comparison of the relationship between DBH or DGH and height of dwarf poplar and normal poplar. The data of dwarf poplar come from field investigation; the data of normal poplar come from Forestry Institute of Jilin (1976).

图3 陆生演替序列及其代表性群丛

Fig. 3 The sequence of terrestrial vegetation succession and the representative associations

图4 水生演替序列及其代表性群丛

Fig. 4 Sequence of aquatic vegetation succession and the representative associations

图5 块状熔岩上的植物斑块演替模式

Fig. 5 Vegetation patch dynamic succession model on the site of block lava

表1 不同类型的植被斑块的基本信息

Table 1 Basic information of different vegetation patches

类型 Type	地衣、苔藓斑块 (25块) Patch of lichen and moss (n=25)			草本斑块 (16块) Patch of herb (n=16)			灌丛斑块 (54块) Patch of shrub (n=54)			乔木群落 (14块) Patch of tree (n=14)
类型 Type	斑块面积(m²) Area	平均高(m) Average height	物种丰富度Species richness	斑块面积(m²) Area	平均高(m) Average height	物种丰富度Species richness	斑块面积(m²) Area	平均高(m) Average height	物种丰富度Species richness	斑块面积(m²) Area	平均高(m) Average height	物种丰富度 Species richness
结壳熔岩 Pahoehoe lava	7.92	0.02	7	8.02	0.44	12	6.90	1.18	11	16.20	2.35	11
块状熔岩 Block lava	18.65	0.03	10	14.32	0.26	14	19.40	1.71	12	49.9	9.93	16

表2 五大连池生物多样性特征(植物数据来自于作者野外调查, 动物数据来自于五大连池自然保护区管理局①（① 五大连池自然保护区管理局 (2005) 五大连池自然保护区科学考察报告.）)

Table 2 Biodiversity characteristic of Wudalianchi (Data of plants come from field investigation and data of animals come from the report “Scientific investigation report of Wudalianchi Nature Reserve”)

	地衣 Lichen	苔藓 Moss	维管束植物 Vascular plant	鱼类 Fish	两栖类 Amphibians	鸟类 Bird	脊椎动物 Mammal
科数 No. of family	8	42	103	9	8	40	16
属数 No. of genus	18	85	316	-	-	-	-
种数 No. of species	40	116	560	41	14	207	46

参考文献 16

[1]	Forestry Institute of Jilin (吉林林科所) (1976) Preliminary study on artificial regeneration in logged area of Populus ussuriensis (including Populus koreana) in Changbai Mountain. Journal of Jilin Forestry Science and Technology (吉林林业科技), (2),7-17. (in Chinese)
[2]	Hommel PWFM (1990) A phytosociological study of a forest area in the humid tropics (Ujung Kulon, West Java, Indonesia). Plant Ecology, 89,39-54.
[3]	Leng ZM (冷志明), Ma XJ (麻先俊) (2009) Protection and utilization of china's world natural heritage. Economic Geography (经济地理), 29,668-672. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]	Li BH (李步杭), Wang XG (王绪高), Zhang J(张健), Bai XJ (白雪娇), Ye J (叶吉), Hao ZQ (郝占庆) (2010) Chang- baishan Temperate Forest Dynamic Plots–Broad-leaved Korean Pinc Mixed Forest and Secondary Poplar-birch Forest Species Composition and Their Spatial Patterns (长白山温带森林-阔叶红松林及其次生杨桦林的物种组成及其分布格局). China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[5]	New TR (2008) Insect conservation in early succession on islands: lessons from Surtsey, Iceland, and the Krakatau Archipelago, Indonesia. Journal of Insect Conservation, 12(3-4),307-312. DOI URL
[6]	Olson D, Dinerstein E, Abell R, Allnutt T, Carpenter C, McClenachan L, D'Amico J, Hurley P, Kassem K, Strand H, Taye M, Thieme M (2000) The Global 2000: a representation approach to conserving the earth’s distinctive ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC.
[7]	State Forestry Administration and the Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. C. (国家林业局和农业部) (1999) List of Wild Plants Under State Protection (First Batch). Decree No. 4. http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2000/content_60072.htm. (in Chinese)
[8]	Stout RG, Summers M L, Kerstetter T, McDermott TR (1997) Heat- and acid-tolerance of a grass commonly found ingeothermal areas within Yellowstone National Park. Plant Science, 130,1-9.
[9]	Sun WC (孙文昌) (1980) Natural geographical landscape of volcano in the area of Wudalianchi. Journal of Northeast Normal University (Natural Science Edition) (东北师大学报自然科学版), (4),84-95. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	Udvardy MDF (1975) A Classification of the Biogeographical Provinces of the World, Contribution to UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme Project No.8 (IUCN Occasional Paper No.18)
[11]	Wu ZY (吴征镒) (1983) Vegetation of China (中国植被第二次印刷). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[12]	Zhang LR (张丽荣), Cheng WJ (程文娟), Xue DY (薛达元) (2009) Progress and trends for implementation of the con- vention on biological diversity. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 29,5636-5643. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]	Zhou YL (周以良) (1997) Geography of the Vegetation in Northeast China 中国东北植被地理). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[14]	Zhou YL (周以良) (1991) Vegetation of Great Hinggan Mountain in China (中国大兴安岭植被). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[15]	Zhou YL (周以良) (1994) Vegetation of Less Hinggan Mountain in China (中国小兴安岭植被). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
[16]	Гордеев ТП (高尔捷也夫 ТП), ЖEPHAКOB BH (热尔纳科夫 BH) (translated by Wu ZS (吴忠恕), Zhu TC (祝廷成)) (1960) The Natural Situation of Wudalianchi Volcanic Regions in Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江五大连池火山地区的自然概况). Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)

黑龙江五大连池的生态价值分析

An analysis of the ecological value of Wudalianchi, Heilongjiang Province, China

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 7

参考文献 16

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	褚晓琳, 张全国. 演化速率假说的实验验证研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2025, 33(4): 25019-.
[2]	王林, 尹梓杨, 黄慧芳, 王静. 基于Carter-Morley Jones蛋形模型的参数估计新方法[J]. 生物多样性, 2025, 33(1): 24203-.
[3]	牛红玉, 陈璐, 赵恒月, 古丽扎尔·阿不都克力木, 张洪茂. 城市化对动物的影响: 从群落到个体[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(8): 23489-.
[4]	谢华, 杨培, 李宗波. 鸡嗉子榕传粉榕小蜂表皮碳氢化合物的性二型及季节变化[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(6): 24001-.
[5]	杨锐, 侯姝彧, 张引, 赵智聪. 论建立中国自然保护兼用地的必要性和可行性[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(4): 23454-.
[6]	郝操, 吴东辉, 莫凌梓, 徐国良. 越冬动物肠道微生物多样性及功能研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(3): 23407-.
[7]	景昭阳, 程可光, 舒恒, 马永鹏, 刘平丽. 全基因组重测序方法在濒危植物保护中的应用[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(5): 22679-.
[8]	邵雯雯, 范国祯, 何知舟, 宋志平. 多地同质园实验揭示普通野生稻的表型可塑性与本地适应性[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(3): 22311-.
[9]	罗瑞, 陈娅, 张汉马. 芸薹属植物全基因组重测序研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(10): 23237-.
[10]	朱瑞良, 马晓英, 曹畅, 曹子寅. 中国苔藓植物多样性研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2022, 30(7): 22378-.
[11]	宋佳, 职铭阳, 陈强, 李玥莹, 吴隆坤, 农保选, 李丹婷, 逄洪波, 郑晓明. 水稻耐寒基因CTB4a的核苷酸多样性及区域适应性[J]. 生物多样性, 2022, 30(2): 21258-.
[12]	胡正艳, 郑全晶, 母其勇, 杜志强, 刘琳, 星耀武, 韩廷申. 不同纬度高蔊菜的交配系统和繁殖保障[J]. 生物多样性, 2021, 29(6): 712-721.
[13]	王婷, 夏增强, 舒江平, 张娇, 王美娜, 陈建兵, 王慷林, 向建英, 严岳鸿. 全基因组复制事件的绝对定年揭示莲座蕨属植物的迟滞演化[J]. 生物多样性, 2021, 29(6): 722-734.
[14]	孙思邈, 陈吉欣, 冯炜炜, 张昶, 黄凯, 管铭, 孙建坤, 刘明超, 冯玉龙. 植物氮形态利用策略及对外来植物入侵性的影响[J]. 生物多样性, 2021, 29(1): 72-80.
[15]	黄庆阳, 曹宏杰, 谢立红, 罗春雨, 杨帆, 王立民, 倪红伟. 五大连池火山熔岩台地草本层物种多样性及环境解释[J]. 生物多样性, 2020, 28(6): 658-667.