河北省安国地区丹参根围AM真菌多样性

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.09000

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

已有研究证实, AM真菌能够促进植物生长发育, 提高植物抗病性和抗逆性。为探明药用植物丹参(Salvia miltiorrhiza)根围AM真菌资源状况, 作者分别于2008年8月和2009年8月, 在河北省安国市4个样地(齐村、中药材种植基地、祈州、沙头)采集丹参根围0-30 cm土层土壤样品, 研究根围AM真菌的生态分布、多样性及其与土壤因子的相关性。共分离鉴定出AM真菌4属24种, AM真菌最大孢子密度为77.55级/土样, 最大定殖率为72.72%。其中球囊霉属(Glomus)16种, 平均分离频度为100%, 相对多度最高达76.4%, 是4个样地的共同优势属; 无梗囊霉属(Acaulospora)5种, 分离频度及相对多度仅次于球囊霉属; 盾巨孢囊霉属(Scutellospora)2种, 仅在祈州样地出现; 内养囊霉属(Entrophospora)1种, 仅在沙头样地出现; 聚丛球囊霉(G. aggregatum)是4个样地的共同优势种。4个样地平均Shannon-Wiener指数从大到小依次为齐村、祈州、沙头、中药材种植基地; 中药材种植基地AM真菌组成与其他样地差异显著, 其孢子密度、种丰度随土壤速效P、碱解N、有机质和pH值升高而降低。上述结果显示丹参根围AM真菌资源丰富, 并与丹参形成良好的共生关系, 这为进一步筛选高效优势菌种, 利用菌根技术提高丹参产量和品质提供了依据。

关键词: 分离频度, 相对多度, 物种多样性, 土壤因子, Salvia miltiorrhiza

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can improve vigor and reduce susceptibility of hosts challenged by root pathogens. Salvia miltiorrhiza, native to China and Japan, is highly valued for its roots in traditional Chinese medicine. To elucidate species composition and diversity of AM fungi associated withS.miltiorrhiza, we collected soil samples from the rhizosphere of S. miltiorrhiza in Shatou, Zhongzhijidi, Qicun, and Qizhou in Anguo City of Hebei Province in August 2008 and 2009. A total of 24 AM fungal species belonging to four genera were isolated, of which 16 belonged to Glomus, 5 belonged to Acaulospora, 2 were Scutellosporaunique to Qizhou, and 1 belonged to Entrophospora only found in Shatou. Glomuswas the dominant genus with a frequency of 100% occurrence and a relative abundance of 76.4% in the four sites. Glomus aggregatum was the dominant species. Maximum spore density was 77.55 degrees per soil sample and maximum colonization rate was 72.72%. In Zhongzhijidi spore density and species richness decreased with soil available P and N, organic matter and increasing pH. We found a significant difference in AM fungal composition between Zhongzhijidi and other sites. Shannon-Wiener indices at the four sites listed in descending order were: Qicun, Qizhou, Shatou and Zhongzhijidi. Our results provide some of the first descriptions of the abundant AM fungal species associated withS. miltiorrhiza.

Key words: frequency, relative abundance, species diversity, soil factors, Salvia miltiorrhiza

贺学礼, 王凌云, 马晶, 赵丽莉 (2010) 河北省安国地区丹参根围AM真菌多样性. 生物多样性, 18, 175-181. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.09000.

He Xueli, Wang Lingyun, Ma Jing, Zhao Lili (2010) AM fungal diversity in the rhizosphere of Salvia miltiorrhiza in Anguo City of Hebei Province. Biodiversity Science, 18, 175-181. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.09000.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.09000

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2010/V18/I2/175

图/表 6

参考文献 32

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	齐村 Qicun			祈州 Qizhou						沙头 Shatou
	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)
球囊霉属 Glomus	100^a	79.4^a	89.7^a	100^a	88.2^a	94.1^a	100^a	64.4^a	82.2^a	100^a	73.5^a	86.8^a
无梗囊霉属 Acaulospora	100^a	20.6^b	60.3^b	100^a	12.5^b	56.3^b	100^a	35.6^b	67.8^b	100^a	26.3^b	63.2^b
盾巨孢囊霉属 Scutellospora	0.0^b	0.0^c	0.0^c	50.0^b	0.3^c	25.2^c	0.0^b	0.0^c	0.0^c	0.0^c	0.0^c	0.0^d
内养囊霉属 Entrophospora	0.0^b	0.0^c	0.0^c	0.0^c	0.0^c	0.0^d	0.0^b	0.0^c	0.0^c	27.8^b	0.2^c	14.0^c

	齐村 Qicun			祈州 Qizhou						沙头 Shatou
	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)
球囊霉属 Glomus	100^a	79.4^a	89.7^a	100^a	88.2^a	94.1^a	100^a	64.4^a	82.2^a	100^a	73.5^a	86.8^a
无梗囊霉属 Acaulospora	100^a	20.6^b	60.3^b	100^a	12.5^b	56.3^b	100^a	35.6^b	67.8^b	100^a	26.3^b	63.2^b
盾巨孢囊霉属 Scutellospora	0.0^b	0.0^c	0.0^c	50.0^b	0.3^c	25.2^c	0.0^b	0.0^c	0.0^c	0.0^c	0.0^c	0.0^d
内养囊霉属 Entrophospora	0.0^b	0.0^c	0.0^c	0.0^c	0.0^c	0.0^d	0.0^b	0.0^c	0.0^c	27.8^b	0.2^c	14.0^c

	齐村 Qicun				祈州 Qizhou				种植基地 Zhongzhijidi				沙头 Shatou
	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	Dom	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	Dom	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	Dom	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	Dom
双网无梗囊霉 A.bireticulata	100.0	15.7	57.9	B	100.0	15.4	57.70	B	100.0	28.6	64.3	A	100.0	18.0	59.0	B
孔窝无梗囊霉 A. foveata	100.0	1.5	50.8	B	97.2	0.9	49.1	B	100.0	4.1	52.1	B	83.7	2.8	43.3	B
光壁无梗囊霉 A. laevis	41.7	0.6	21.2	C	55.6	0.4	28.0	C	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	47.2	0.6	23.9	C
瑞氏无梗囊霉 A. rehmii	86.1	4.2	45.2	B	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	100.0	2.6	51.3	B
细凹无梗囊霉 A. scrobiculata	50.0	1.5	25.8	C	100.0	0.9	50.5	B	16.7	0.2	8.5	D	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
聚丛球囊霉 G. aggregatum	100.0	48.3	74.2	A	100.0	42.9	71.5	A	100.0	38.0	69.0	A	100.0	34.4	67.2	A
明球囊霉 G. clarum	100.0	5.0	52.5	B	100.0	3.1	51.6	B	100.0	4.9	52.5	B	100.0	5.6	52.8	B
缩球囊霉 G. constrictum	100.0	1.8	50.9	B	75.0	1.3	38.2	C	83.3	2.9	43.1	C	91.7	2.0	46.9	B
沙荒球囊霉 G. deserticola	25.0	0.2	12.6	D	83.3	1.1	42.2	B	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	83.7	1.7	43.0	B
长孢球囊霉 G. dolichosporum	58.3	0.7	29.5	C	33.4	0.3	16.9	D	33.3	0.8	17.1	D	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
集球囊霉 G. fasciculatum	36.1	1.0	18.1	D	88.9	0.6	44.8	B	41.9	1.4	21.7	C	41.9	1.7	21.8	C
地球囊霉 G. geosporum	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	97.2	1.1	49.2	B	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	33.4	0.5	17.0	D
斑点球囊霉 G. maculosum	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	33.3	0.3	16.8	D	33.3	0.2	16.8	D
微丛球囊霉 G. microaggregatum	100.0	1.3	50.6	B	100.0	1.7	50.9	B	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	50.0	0.2	25.1	C
摩西球囊霉 G. mosseae	100.0	8.3	54.2	B	100.0	8.8	54.4	B	100.0	14.1	57.1	B	100.0	17.0	58.5	B
多梗球囊霉 G. multicaule	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	33.3	0.8	17.1	D	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
凹坑球囊霉 G. multiforum	100.0	1.4	50.7	B	33.3	8.2	20.8	C	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	66.7	0.7	33.7	C
网状球囊霉 G. reticulatum	100.0	14.5	57.3	B	100.0	26.2	63.1	A	100.0	12.8	56.4	B	100.0	12.9	56.5	B
扭形球囊霉 G. tortuosum	100.0	1.3	50.7	B	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	50.0	0.6	25.3	C	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
地表球囊霉 G. versiforme	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	16.7	0.1	8.4	D	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
粘质球囊霉 G. viscosum	50.0	0.6	25.3	C	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
丽孢盾巨孢囊S.calospora	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	66.7	0.3	33.5	C	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
红色盾巨孢囊霉S. erythropa	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	33.3	0.2	16.7	D	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
稀有内养囊霉 E. infrequens	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.00	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	41.9	0.7	21.3	C

	齐村 Qicun				祈州 Qizhou				种植基地 Zhongzhijidi				沙头 Shatou
	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	Dom	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	Dom	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	Dom	F (%)	RA (%)	I (%)	Dom
双网无梗囊霉 A.bireticulata	100.0	15.7	57.9	B	100.0	15.4	57.70	B	100.0	28.6	64.3	A	100.0	18.0	59.0	B
孔窝无梗囊霉 A. foveata	100.0	1.5	50.8	B	97.2	0.9	49.1	B	100.0	4.1	52.1	B	83.7	2.8	43.3	B
光壁无梗囊霉 A. laevis	41.7	0.6	21.2	C	55.6	0.4	28.0	C	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	47.2	0.6	23.9	C
瑞氏无梗囊霉 A. rehmii	86.1	4.2	45.2	B	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	100.0	2.6	51.3	B
细凹无梗囊霉 A. scrobiculata	50.0	1.5	25.8	C	100.0	0.9	50.5	B	16.7	0.2	8.5	D	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
聚丛球囊霉 G. aggregatum	100.0	48.3	74.2	A	100.0	42.9	71.5	A	100.0	38.0	69.0	A	100.0	34.4	67.2	A
明球囊霉 G. clarum	100.0	5.0	52.5	B	100.0	3.1	51.6	B	100.0	4.9	52.5	B	100.0	5.6	52.8	B
缩球囊霉 G. constrictum	100.0	1.8	50.9	B	75.0	1.3	38.2	C	83.3	2.9	43.1	C	91.7	2.0	46.9	B
沙荒球囊霉 G. deserticola	25.0	0.2	12.6	D	83.3	1.1	42.2	B	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	83.7	1.7	43.0	B
长孢球囊霉 G. dolichosporum	58.3	0.7	29.5	C	33.4	0.3	16.9	D	33.3	0.8	17.1	D	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
集球囊霉 G. fasciculatum	36.1	1.0	18.1	D	88.9	0.6	44.8	B	41.9	1.4	21.7	C	41.9	1.7	21.8	C
地球囊霉 G. geosporum	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	97.2	1.1	49.2	B	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	33.4	0.5	17.0	D
斑点球囊霉 G. maculosum	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	33.3	0.3	16.8	D	33.3	0.2	16.8	D
微丛球囊霉 G. microaggregatum	100.0	1.3	50.6	B	100.0	1.7	50.9	B	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	50.0	0.2	25.1	C
摩西球囊霉 G. mosseae	100.0	8.3	54.2	B	100.0	8.8	54.4	B	100.0	14.1	57.1	B	100.0	17.0	58.5	B
多梗球囊霉 G. multicaule	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	33.3	0.8	17.1	D	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
凹坑球囊霉 G. multiforum	100.0	1.4	50.7	B	33.3	8.2	20.8	C	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	66.7	0.7	33.7	C
网状球囊霉 G. reticulatum	100.0	14.5	57.3	B	100.0	26.2	63.1	A	100.0	12.8	56.4	B	100.0	12.9	56.5	B
扭形球囊霉 G. tortuosum	100.0	1.3	50.7	B	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	50.0	0.6	25.3	C	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
地表球囊霉 G. versiforme	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	16.7	0.1	8.4	D	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
粘质球囊霉 G. viscosum	50.0	0.6	25.3	C	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
丽孢盾巨孢囊S.calospora	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	66.7	0.3	33.5	C	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
红色盾巨孢囊霉S. erythropa	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	33.3	0.2	16.7	D	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-
稀有内养囊霉 E. infrequens	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	0.0	0.0	0.00	-	0.0	0.0	0.0	-	41.9	0.7	21.3	C

	祈州 Qizhou	种植基地 Zhongzhijidi	沙头 Shatou
齐村 Qicun	0.80^a	0.62^c	0.76^b
祈州 Qizhou		0.61^c	0.75^b
种植基地 Zhongzhijidi			0.60^c