生物多样性 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 26160.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2026160

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西双版纳石灰山热带季雨林地表马陆群落的干湿季变化及其驱动因子

郭晓飞1,2, 王邵军1,3*, 王琛1*, 兰梦杰3, 杨胜秋3, 李瑞3, 罗双3, 夏佳慧3   

  1. 1. 西南林业大学水土保持学院, 昆明 650224; 2. 云南农业大学水利学院, 昆明 650201; 3. 西南林业大学生态与环境学院, 昆明 650224
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-30 修回日期:2026-07-17 接受日期:2026-09-13 出版日期:2026-08-20
  • 通讯作者: 王邵军
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32271722); 云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2023Y0714); 云南省农业联合面上项目(202501BD070001-054)

Seasonal variations and driving factors of surface-active millipede communities in the limestone tropical monsoon forests of Xishuangbanna

Xiaofei Guo1,2, Shaojun Wang1,3*, Chen Wang1*, Mengjie Lan3, Shengqiu Yang3, Rui Li3, Shuang Luo3, Jiahui Xia3   

  1. 1 College of Soil and Water Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China 

    2 College of Water Conservancy, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China 

    3 College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China

  • Received:2026-04-30 Revised:2026-07-17 Accepted:2026-09-13 Online:2026-08-20
  • Contact: Shaojun Wang

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摘要： 马陆扮演着消费者、分解者及土壤工程师的多重角色, 对生态系统碳氮循环与温室气体排放具有显著影响。然而, 目前有关马陆群落季节性动态的研究相对缺乏, 这在很大程度上限制了对该类群生态功能的系统认知。本研究调查了西双版纳石灰山热带季雨林地表马陆群落组成、结构和多样性的干湿季变化特征, 并分析了其与植物群落、微生物生物量及土壤理化环境因子之间的关系。结果表明: (1)本次共采集到马陆6目6科, 共计268只。马陆群落组成和多样性具有显著的干湿季差异, 湿季的马陆总密度、优势类群泽圆马陆科密度和拟山蛩科密度分别是干季的2.76、2.80和6.29倍, 马陆科水平总类群数、Margalef丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分别是干季的1.95、1.80和1.41倍。(2)偏相关分析结果表明, 马陆总密度与乔木层物种数、灌木层物种数、草本层物种数、凋落物厚度、土壤含水量和全氮显著正相关(P < 0.05、0.01或0.001), 马陆总类群数和Margalef丰富度指数均与土壤有机碳和微生物量碳显著正相关(P < 0.05), 而马陆总类群数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与气温显著负相关(P < 0.05或0.01)。(3)冗余分析(redundancy analysis, RDA)结果表明, 土壤含水量(88.6%)、凋落物厚度(3.8%)及草本层物种数(1.4%)是马陆群落组成的主控因子, 而气温(77.8%)和微生物量碳(5.7%)是马陆多样性变化的主控因子。综上, 西双版纳石灰山热带季雨林地表马陆群落季节变化主要由样地微气候、凋落物及微生物等非生物和生物因子共同调控, 研究结果能为热带马陆区系地理及其驱动机制研究提供关键数据支撑。

关键词: 马陆, 多样性, 季节差异, 生物因素, 非生物因素, 热带季雨林

Abstract

Aims: Millipedes play diverse roles as consumers, decomposers, and soil engineers, exerting critical influences on carbon and nitrogen cycling and greenhouse gas emissions in ecosystems. However, the current paucity of studies on the seasonal dynamics of millipede communities hinders a systematic understanding of their ecological functions. 

Methods: This study investigated the seasonal variations in millipede community composition, structure, and diversity in the limestone tropical monsoon forests of Xishuangbanna, and analyzed the relationships between these variables and the plant community, microbial biomass, and soil physicochemical properties. 

Results: (1) A total of 268 millipedes were collected, belonging to six orders and six families. The composition and diversity of the millipede community showed significant seasonal variations. In the wet season, the total density of millipedes and the densities of the dominant groups Zephroniidae and Pseudospirobolellidae were 2.76, 2.80, and 6.29 times those in the dry season, respectively. The total number of millipede family-level groups, the Margalef richness index, and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index were 1.95, 1.80, and 1.41 times those in the dry season, respectively. (2) The partial correlation analysis revealed that the total density of millipedes was positively associated with the number of tree layer species, shrub layer species, and herbaceous layer species, litter thickness, soil water content, and total nitrogen (P < 0.05, 0.01, or 0.001). Moreover, both the total number of millipede groups and the Margalef richness index showed positive correlations with soil organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon (P < 0.05). By contrast, the total number of millipede groups and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index exhibited negative correlations with air temperature (P < 0.05 or 0.01). (3) The results of redundancy analysis (RDA) demonstrated that soil water content, litter thickness, and number of herbaceous layer species were the main factors regulating millipede community composition, with contributions of 88.6%, 3.8%, and 1.4%, respectively. In contrast, air temperature and microbial biomass carbon were the dominant factors driving millipede diversity, accounting for 77.8% and 5.7% of the explained variation, respectively. 

Conclusion: Seasonal variations in the surface-active millipede community in the limestone tropical monsoon forests of Xishuangbanna are primarily driven by the combined effects of biotic and abiotic factors, including microclimate, litter, and microorganisms. The findings of this study provide critical support for research on tropical millipede biogeography and its underlying mechanisms.

Key words: millipedes, diversity, seasonal differences, biotic factors, abiotic factors, tropical monsoon forests

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