陆地碳循环的动态非平衡假说

doi:10.17520/biods.2020262

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

生态系统维持物质与能量的动态平衡是地球系统孕育与维持生物多样性的重要基础。自工业革命以来, 人类活动导致陆地生态系统的碳循环转变为动态非平衡,进而使陆地生态系统的结构与功能出现许多难以预测的变化动态。本文阐释了陆地生态系统碳循环的动态非平衡假说。该假说构建于陆地碳循环内部过程的四点基本特征和五类外部驱动因素。基于这些内部特征与外部因素, 本文归纳了陆地生态系统碳循环动态非平衡在不同时间与空间尺度的表达现象, 并从观测、实验与模型的角度讨论了其检测方法。陆地生态系统碳循环的动态非平衡假说不仅有助于我们理解复杂的陆地碳循环现象, 也为预测未来陆地碳汇动态提供了新的理论框架。

关键词: 碳循环, 生态系统, 生产力, 土壤呼吸, 模型, 气候变化, 环境干扰

Abstract:

The dynamic equilibrium of mass and energy movement in ecosystems is an important basis for the Earth system to nurture and maintain biodiversity. Since the Industrial Revolution, human activities have caused the carbon exchange between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere to be at dynamic disequilibrium. This paper examines a dynamic disequilibrium hypothesis for the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems. The hypothesis suggests that the dynamic disequilibrium is caused by interactions of four basic properties of internal processes of the terrestrial carbon cycle with five types of external drivers. Based on these internal properties and external drivers, this paper summarizes the expression phenomena of the dynamic disequilibrium of terrestrial carbon cycle at different time and space scales, and discusses its detection methods from the perspective of observations, experiments and models. The dynamic disequilibrium hypothesis for terrestrial carbon cycle not only helps us understand the complex terrestrial carbon-cycle phenomenon, but also provides a new theoretical framework for predicting the future terrestrial carbon sink dynamics.

Key words: carbon cycle, ecosystem, productivity, soil respiration, model, climate change, disturbance

骆亦其, 夏建阳. 陆地碳循环的动态非平衡假说[J]. 生物多样性, 2020, 28(11): 1405-1416.

Yiqi Luo, Jianyang Xia. A dynamic disequilibrium hypothesis for terrestrial carbon cycle[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(11): 1405-1416.

图/表 2

图1 陆地碳循环动态非平衡假说中包含的外部驱动因素、内部碳循环过程及其在不同时空尺度上的表达现象。图片中的公式为正文中的公式(1), 其变量解释见正文。

Fig. 1 External forcing, internal processes, and complex phenomena of dynamic disequilibrium hypothesis for terrestrial carbon cycle. The equation in the figure is cited from Luo et al (2003) and the details of equation can be found in the text.

图2 陆地碳循环动态非平衡状态与相关过程的检测与分析方法

Fig. 2 Detections and analyses of the dynamic disequilibrium state and related processes for terrestrial carbon cycle

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