桂西南喀斯特季节性雨林叶凋落量的时空动态

doi:10.17520/biods.2019403

生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 455-462. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019403

• 研究报告: 植物多样性 • 上一篇下一篇

桂西南喀斯特季节性雨林叶凋落量的时空动态

贾梦可^1,^2,³,郭屹立^1,^3,^*(),李冬兴^1,³,王斌^1,³,向悟生^1,³,王爱龙⁴,刘晟源⁴,丁涛^1,³,黄甫昭^1,³,文淑均^1,³,陆树华^1,³,李先琨^1,^3,^*()

1 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所广西喀斯特植物保育与恢复生态学重点实验室, 广西桂林 541006
2 广西师范大学生命科学学院, 广西桂林 541006
3 广西友谊关森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 广西凭祥 532699
4 广西弄岗国家级自然保护区管理中心, 广西龙州 532400

收稿日期:2019-12-19 接受日期:2020-03-31 出版日期:2020-04-20 发布日期:2020-06-15
通讯作者: 郭屹立,李先琨
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31760141);国家自然科学基金(31660130);国家自然科学基金(31500342);广西重点研发计划(桂科 AB16380256);广西自然科学基金(2016GXNSFBA380092)

Spatio-temporal dynamics of leaf litter in a karst seasonal rainforest in southwest Guangxi

Mengke Jia^1,^2,³,Yili Guo^1,^3,^*(),Dongxing Li^1,³,Bin Wang^1,³,Wusheng Xiang^1,³,Ailong Wang⁴,Shengyuan Liu⁴,Tao Ding^1,³,Fuzhao Huang^1,³,Shujun Wen^1,³,Shuhua Lu^1,³,Xiankun Li^1,^3,^*()

1 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541006
2 College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541006
3 Guangxi Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem National Research Station, Pingxiang, Guangxi 532699
4 Administration of Nonggang National Nature Reserve of Guangxi, Longzhou, Guangxi 532400

Received:2019-12-19 Accepted:2020-03-31 Online:2020-04-20 Published:2020-06-15
Contact: Yili Guo,Xiankun Li

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

森林凋落物是森林生态系统极其重要的组成部分, 关系着森林生态系统的物质循环和养分平衡。然而, 有关异质性自然森林生态系统中生物与非生物因子对凋落物凋落量的影响机制还存在较大争议。本文以广西弄岗15 ha森林动态监测样地中设置的90个凋落物收集器所收集的凋落叶为研究对象, 选取2013‒2018年连续6年的凋落叶数据探讨了森林叶凋落量的时空动态, 旨在深入了解该地区森林生态系统的物质循环过程及凋落量的影响因子。结果显示: 2013‒2018年的年均叶凋落量为4,099.44 kg/ha, 标准误为232.34, 变异系数为0.15, 这表明不同年际间叶凋落量存在明显差异; 不同年际间叶凋落量的节律性变化为双峰型、三峰型或多峰型, 说明不同年份的叶凋落量存在明显的节律性差异, 但总体而言高峰期主要出现在每年的春季(3‒4月)和秋季(8‒10月); 生态因子对叶凋落量年际动态存在显著影响, 其累计解释率为69.3%, 其中海拔对叶凋落量的影响最强, 解释率为46.5%; 而生物因子如胸径变异系数、单位面积胸高断面积之和和物种丰富度则对叶凋落量的影响较弱。多年的连续监测表明, 喀斯特季节性雨林不同年际间叶片的凋落量和节律性存在显著差异, 而非生物因子, 如海拔是形成叶凋落量空间变异的主要因素。

关键词: 喀斯特季节性雨林, 叶凋落量, 年际差异, 节律性, 生态因子

Abstract

Leaf litter production is a major contributor to ecosystem net primary productivity and biogeochemical cycles. However, various abiotic and biotic drivers inﬂuence leaf litter production in heterogeneous natural forests. In this study, we quantified leaf litter production, composition, and spatio-temporal dynamics in a 15 ha forest dynamics plot in Nonggang National Nature Reserve, Guangxi. We set up 90 litter fall traps and collected leaf litter weekly beginning in May 2012. We explored the spatial and temporal dynamics of leaf litter production in order to gain an in-depth understanding of the material circulation process of forest ecosystem in this region. Ecological factors had significant influence on the inter-annual dynamics of leaf litter volume and explained 69.3% of the cumulative deviation. The effect of altitude on leaf litter was the strongest, explaining 46.5% of the deviation. However, biological factors, such as the coefficient of variation of DBH, the sum of stand basal area per unit area, and species-richness, had smaller effect sizes on annual leaf litter production. Years of continuous monitoring show that there are obvious differences in the leaf litter production between years in karst seasonal rainforests, but abiotic factors, such as altitude, heavily influence leaf litter production.

Key words: karst seasonal rainforests, leaf litter production, annual difference, rhythmicity, ecological factors

贾梦可,郭屹立,李冬兴,王斌,向悟生,王爱龙,刘晟源,丁涛,黄甫昭,文淑均,陆树华,李先琨 (2020) 桂西南喀斯特季节性雨林叶凋落量的时空动态. 生物多样性, 28, 455-462. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019403.

Mengke Jia,Yili Guo,Dongxing Li,Bin Wang,Wusheng Xiang,Ailong Wang,Shengyuan Liu,Tao Ding,Fuzhao Huang,Shujun Wen,Shuhua Lu,Xiankun Li (2020) Spatio-temporal dynamics of leaf litter in a karst seasonal rainforest in southwest Guangxi. Biodiversity Science, 28, 455-462. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019403.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2019403

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2020/V28/I4/455

图/表 7

参考文献 35

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	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	平均值 Mean
海拔 Elevation	0.578^**	0.670^**	0.644^**	0.394^**	0.491^**	0.697^**	0.682^**
坡度 Slope	0.447^**	0.400^**	0.421^**	0.422^**	0.314^**	0.255^*	0.411^**
凹凸度 Convexity	0.276^**	0.223^*	0.302^**	0.286^**	0.238^*	0.139	0.262^*
坡向 Aspect	0.141	0.296^**	0.095	0.01	0.046	0.222^*	0.172
岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.183^*	0.223^*	0.192^*	0.289^**	0.268^**	0.334^**	0.255^**
湿润度指数 Topographic wetness index	-0.461^**	-0.494^**	-0.509^**	-0.446^**	-0.400^**	-0.363^**	-0.497^**
干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.2	0.264^*	0.324^**	0.220^*	0.343^**	0.294^**	0.316^**
胸径变异系数 DBH variation	-0.281^**	-0.352^**	-0.284^**	-0.137	-0.114	-0.326^**	-0.299^**
胸高断面积之和 Total basal area	0.229^**	0.218^**	0.229^**	0.243^*	0.145^*	0.196^*	0.234^**
物种丰富度 Species richness	0.089	0.112	0.091	0.132	0.103	0.078	0.097

	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	平均值 Mean
海拔 Elevation	0.578^**	0.670^**	0.644^**	0.394^**	0.491^**	0.697^**	0.682^**
坡度 Slope	0.447^**	0.400^**	0.421^**	0.422^**	0.314^**	0.255^*	0.411^**
凹凸度 Convexity	0.276^**	0.223^*	0.302^**	0.286^**	0.238^*	0.139	0.262^*
坡向 Aspect	0.141	0.296^**	0.095	0.01	0.046	0.222^*	0.172
岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.183^*	0.223^*	0.192^*	0.289^**	0.268^**	0.334^**	0.255^**
湿润度指数 Topographic wetness index	-0.461^**	-0.494^**	-0.509^**	-0.446^**	-0.400^**	-0.363^**	-0.497^**
干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.2	0.264^*	0.324^**	0.220^*	0.343^**	0.294^**	0.316^**
胸径变异系数 DBH variation	-0.281^**	-0.352^**	-0.284^**	-0.137	-0.114	-0.326^**	-0.299^**
胸高断面积之和 Total basal area	0.229^**	0.218^**	0.229^**	0.243^*	0.145^*	0.196^*	0.234^**
物种丰富度 Species richness	0.089	0.112	0.091	0.132	0.103	0.078	0.097

模型因子 Environmental parameters	r²_adj	累计解释率 Cumulative explained deviation (%)	AIC	贡献拟合值 Fitted contribution values	卡方检验 P_r(χ)
海拔 Elevation	0.425	46.5	116.366	9.344	0.000
坡度 Slope	0.256	29.1	1,137.742	6.254	0.000
凹凸度 Convexity	0.210	25.9	1,144.322	4.041	0.001
坡向 Aspect	0.114	16.7	1,154.586	2.161	0.056
岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.171	22.8	1,149.297	2.848	0.008
湿润度指数 Topographic wetness index	0.257	27.2	1,135.356	13.75	0.000
干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.071	8.15	1,154.644	7.809	0.006
胸径变异系数 DBH variation	0.042	5.32	1,157.379	4.943	0.029
胸高断面积之和 Total basal area	0.162	22.9	1,151.089	2.598	0.015
物种丰富度 Species richness	0.044	7.87	1,159.372	1.437	0.229

模型因子 Environmental parameters	r²_adj	累计解释率 Cumulative explained deviation (%)	AIC	贡献拟合值 Fitted contribution values	卡方检验 P_r(χ)
海拔 Elevation	0.425	46.5	116.366	9.344	0.000
坡度 Slope	0.256	29.1	1,137.742	6.254	0.000
凹凸度 Convexity	0.210	25.9	1,144.322	4.041	0.001
坡向 Aspect	0.114	16.7	1,154.586	2.161	0.056
岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.171	22.8	1,149.297	2.848	0.008
湿润度指数 Topographic wetness index	0.257	27.2	1,135.356	13.75	0.000
干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.071	8.15	1,154.644	7.809	0.006
胸径变异系数 DBH variation	0.042	5.32	1,157.379	4.943	0.029
胸高断面积之和 Total basal area	0.162	22.9	1,151.089	2.598	0.015
物种丰富度 Species richness	0.044	7.87	1,159.372	1.437	0.229

模型因子 Environmental parameters	r²_adj	累计解释率 Cumulative explained deviation (%)	AIC	贡献拟合值 Fitted contribution values	卡方检验 P_r(χ)
海拔 Elevation	0.425	46.5	1,116.366	6.108	0.000
坡度 Slope	0.458	49.2	1,110.539	0.025	0.874
凹凸度 Convexity	0.513	57.7	1,106.171	1.289	0.260
坡向 Aspect	0.525	58.9	1,104.41	2.215	0.033
岩石裸露率 Rock-bareness rate	0.596	67.5	1,093.937	2.631	0.109
湿润度指数 Topographic wetness index	0.602	69.3	1,094.793	0.887	0.349
干旱度指数 Altitude above channel	0.593	68.1	1,095.75	0.821	0.368
胸径变异系数 DBH variation	0.591	68.4	1,096.955	0.002	0.963
胸高断面积之和 Total basal area	0.594	69.1	1,097.032	1.312	0.256

桂西南喀斯特季节性雨林叶凋落量的时空动态

Spatio-temporal dynamics of leaf litter in a karst seasonal rainforest in southwest Guangxi

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