生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 445-454. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019356
姚志良1,2,温韩东1,3,邓云1,2,4,曹敏1,林露湘1,4,*()
收稿日期:
2019-11-07
接受日期:
2019-12-03
出版日期:
2020-04-20
发布日期:
2020-06-15
通讯作者:
林露湘
基金资助:
Zhiliang Yao1,2,Handong Wen1,3,Yun Deng1,2,4,Min Cao1,Luxiang Lin1,4,*()
Received:
2019-11-07
Accepted:
2019-12-03
Online:
2020-04-20
Published:
2020-06-15
Contact:
Luxiang Lin
摘要:
Beta多样性通常指群落在时间和空间上物种组成的差异, 包括物种周转组分和物种丰富度差异组分。驱动beta多样性格局形成的生态过程决定了群落的时空动态, 然而关于beta多样性及其两个组分格局形成的驱动力还存在较多争议。以往研究表明, beta多样性的格局存在取样尺度的依赖性, 驱动其形成的生态过程在不同取样尺度下的相对重要性也随之改变。本研究以哀牢山亚热带中山湿性常绿阔叶林20 ha动态监测样地为研究对象, 在不同取样尺度上, 将样方间的Bray-Curtis指数分解为物种周转组分和物种丰富度差异组分, 通过典范冗余分析和方差分解的方法揭示环境过滤和扩散限制对于beta多样性及其两个组分格局形成的相对重要性及其尺度依赖性。结果表明: (1) beta多样性、物种周转组分和物种丰富度差异组分均随取样尺度的增大而减小。在不同取样尺度下, 物种周转组分对于beta多样性的贡献始终占主导地位。(2)随着取样尺度的增大, 环境过滤驱动beta多样性格局形成的相对重要性逐渐增加, 而扩散限制的相对重要性逐渐降低。本研究进一步证实了取样尺度在beta多样性格局形成及其驱动力定量评价中的重要性, 今后的研究需要进一步解析上述尺度效应的形成机制。
姚志良,温韩东,邓云,曹敏,林露湘 (2020) 哀牢山亚热带中山湿性常绿阔叶林树种beta多样性格局形成的驱动力. 生物多样性, 28, 445-454. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019356.
Zhiliang Yao,Handong Wen,Yun Deng,Min Cao,Luxiang Lin (2020) Driving forces underlying the beta diversity of tree species in subtropical mid-mountain moist evergreen broad-leaved forests in Ailao Mountains. Biodiversity Science, 28, 445-454. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019356.
图1 哀牢山亚热带中山湿性常绿阔叶林20 ha动态监测样地示意图
Fig. 1 Diagrammatic of the 20 ha subtropical mid-mountain moist evergreen broad-leaved forest dynamics plot in Ailao Mountains
图2 不同取样尺度下的beta多样性及其两个组分的三元图。每一个黑点表示一个样方对, 它们的位置由物种组成相似性(1 - Btotal)、物种周转组分(Relp)、物种丰富度差异组分(AbDiff)三个值决定, 三个值之和等于1; 大圆点表示这些黑点的质心, 较大的黑点表示三个组分的平均值; A, B, C, D分别表示10 m、20 m、50 m、100 m取样尺度下的组分关系。
Fig. 2 Triangular plots of beta diversity and its two components at different cell sizes. Each black dot represents a pair of sites. Their positions were determined by a triplet of values from the species composition similarity (1-Btotal), species turnover component (Repl), species richness difference component (AbDiff); each triplet sums to 1. The large circular dot in each graph is the centroid of the points; the larger black dots represent the mean values of the 1-Btotal, Repl, and AbDiff components; A, B, C, and D represent the relationships of three components at 10 m, 20 m, 50 m, 100 m cell sizes, respectively.
图3 不同取样尺度下两个组分占beta多样性的比例
Fig. 3 The proportion of two components in beta diversity at different cell sizes. AbDiff, Species richness difference component; Repl, Species turnover component.
图4 beta多样性及其组分在不同取样尺度下的方差分解结果。A、B、C分别表示beta多样性、物种周转组分、物种丰富度差异组分在不同取样尺度下的方差分解结果; [a]单纯的环境变异; [b]环境的空间结构; [c]单纯的空间结构; [d]未明确的部分。
Fig. 4 Variation partitioning results of beta diversity and its components at different cell sizes. A, B, and C represent the variation partitioning results of total beta diversity, species replacement component, richness difference component at different cell sizes, respectively; [a] Pure environment variation; [b] Spatially structured of environment; [c] Pure spatially structured variation; [d] Unexplained variation.
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