论壮族传统文化对生物多样性的保护: 以广西靖西市为例

doi:10.17520/biods.2019076

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本文在文献研究和实地调查的基础之上, 结合目前开展的关于壮族生物多样性相关传统知识的调查、整理与编目工作, 分别从酸食文化、织染文化、地名文化和文学艺术的角度对壮族文化多样性和生物多样性之间的关系进行了初步探究, 并从自然崇拜、乡规民约和习惯法、传统生态观念以及传统医药文化等几个方面探讨了传统文化对当地生物多样性的保护作用。结果表明: (1)壮族文化多样性与生物多样性密切相关。丰富的生物多样性孕育了传统文化, 而传统文化的形成和发展又直接或间接地丰富了当地的生物多样性; (2)壮族人民在长期生产生活中创造的传统文化和传统知识促进了当地生物多样性的保护与可持续利用; 而对生物多样性的保护又进一步保障了当地传统文化的传承。本文还对传统知识和传统文化的发展现状及受威胁因素进行了讨论, 并以此为基础, 提出传承壮族传统文化、保护和可持续利用传统知识的相关建议, 即应通过加强宣传和立法, 建立传统知识数据库和发展乡村旅游等形式, 加强对传统知识与传统文化的保护。

关键词: 壮族, 生物多样性, 传统文化, 传统知识, 广西

Abstract

The Zhuang ethnic people have a deep and expansive culture; many aspects of which have been documented through literature and field research, including acidic foods, textile dyeing, toponymy, literature and art, natural worship, folk customs and customary laws, traditional ecological concepts, and traditional medical. Here, we analyzed the protective effects of cultural diversity on biodiversity. The results show that: (1) The cultural diversity of Zhuang ethnic people and local biodiversity are closely interrelated. Rich biodiversity has generated a colorful traditional culture, and the formation and development of traditional culture can directly or indirectly enrich the local biodiversity; (2) The traditional culture and knowledge created of the Zhuang people in the long-term living history has greatly promoted the conservation and sustainable use of local biodiversity, and the protection of biodiversity will further guarantee the inheritance of local traditional culture. This paper also discusses the developing status and threatened factors of traditional knowledge and culture. We propose some suggestions to ensure the continuity of Zhuang traditional culture and use traditional knowledge sustainably: enhancing the protection of traditional knowledge and traditional culture by strengthening publicity and legislation, establishing traditional knowledge databases and developing rural tourism.

Key words: Zhuang people, biodiversity, traditional culture, traditional knowledge, Guangxi

曹宁, 薛达元 (2019) 论壮族传统文化对生物多样性的保护: 以广西靖西市为例. 生物多样性, 27, 728-734. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019076.

Ning Cao, Dayuan Xue (2019) On biodiversity conservation by Zhuang traditional culture: A case study in Jingxi City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Biodiversity Science, 27, 728-734. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019076.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2019076

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2019/V27/I7/728

参考文献 29

[1]	Compilation Committee of Annals of Jingxi County, Guangxi( 2000) Annals of Jingxi County. Guangxi People’s Publishing House, Nanning. (in Chinese)
	[ 广西靖西县县志编纂委员会( 2000) 靖西县志. 广西人民出版社, 南宁.]
[2]	Compilation Committee of Local Records of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region( 2000) Guangxi Tongzhi: Folklore. Guangxi People’s Publishing House, Nanning. (in Chinese)
	[ 广西壮族自治区地方志编纂委员会( 1992) 广西通志: 民俗志. 广西人民出版社, 南宁.]
[3]	Huang YL, Guo ZY, Liu YJ, Wang YL, Luo BS, Long CL ( 2013) Indigenous botanical nomenclature used by the Zhuang people in Jingxi County, Guangxi. Plant Diversity and Resources, 35, 443-452. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 黄玉绿, 郭志永, 刘宇婧, 王业玲, 罗斌圣, 龙春林 ( 2013) 广西靖西县壮族民间对植物的命名. 植物分类与资源学报, 35, 443-452.]
[4]	Liang QC, Zhong M ( 2005) The Study of Zhuang People’s Medicine in China. Guangxi Nationalities Publishing House, Nanning. (in Chinese)
	[ 梁启成, 钟鸣 ( 2005) 中国壮药学. 广西民族出版社, 南宁.]
[5]	Lin CR, Xu WB, Liu Y, Long CL ( 2012) The Important Medicinal Plants of Medicinal Market During Dragon Boat Festival in Jingxi, Guangxi. Guangxi Science & Technology Publishing House, Nanning. (in Chinese)
	[ 林春蕊, 许为斌, 刘演, 龙春林 ( 2012) 广西靖西县端午药市常见药用植物. 广西科学技术出版社, 南宁.]
[6]	Long CL, Pei SJ ( 2003) Culture diversity promotes conservation and application of biological diversity. Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 25(Suppl. XIV), 11-22. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 龙春林, 裴盛基 ( 2003) 文化多样性促进生物多样性的保护与利用. 云南植物研究, 25(增刊XIV), 11-22.]
[7]	Luo P, Pei SJ, Xu JC ( 2001) Scared site and its implications in environmental and biodiversity conservation in Yunnan, China. Journal of Mountain Science, 19, 327-333. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 罗鹏, 裴盛基, 许建初 ( 2001) 云南的圣境及其在环境和生物多样性保护中的意义. 山地学报, 19, 327-333.]
[8]	Ma YH ( 2017) Investigation on the customary laws of water and soil conservation of Zhuang Nationality in the north of Guangxi Province—Taking Xincheng and Yizhou as examples. Legal System and Society, 8, 293-294. (in Chinese)
	[ 马妍慧 ( 2017) 桂中北地区壮族水土保护习惯法调研——以忻城、宜州为例. 法制与社会, 8, 293-294.]
[9]	Mao SX, Shen Y, Deng HB ( 2017) Progress in biocultural diversity research. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 37, 8179-8186. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 毛舒欣, 沈园, 邓红兵 ( 2017) 生物文化多样性研究进展. 生态学报, 37, 8179-8186.]
[10]	Meng YY ( 2006) The Names and Classification of Common Plants in Zhuang. Guangxi Nationalities Publishing House, Nanning.
[11]	Pei SJ ( 2011) Traditional culture and biodiversity conservation. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 26, 190-196. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 裴盛基 ( 2011) 民族文化与生物多样性保护. 中国科学院院刊, 26, 190-196.]
[12]	People’s Government of Jingxi County ( 1985) Toponymy of Jingxi County, Toponymy Committee of People’s Government of Jingxi County, Jingxi, Guangxi. (in Chinese)
	[ 靖西县人民政府地名委员会 ( 1985) 广西壮族自治区靖西县地名志. 靖西县人民政府地名委员会, 广西靖西.]
[13]	Pieroni A, Nedelcheva A, Dogan Y ( 2015) Local knowledge of medicinal plants and wild food plants among Tatars and Romanians in Dobruja (southeast Romania). Genetic Resources & Crop Evolution, 62(4), 1-16.
[14]	Shao H, Xue DY ( 2017) Influence of traditional Wa culture on vegetable germplasm diversity in Yunnan Province. Biodiversity Sciences, 25, 46-52. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 邵桦, 薛达元 ( 2017) 云南佤族传统文化对蔬菜种质多样性的影响. 生物多样性, 25, 46-52.]
[15]	Su SL ( 2014) Relationship of Zhuang Nationality culture with plant diversity conservation in western Guangxi. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 23, 107-113. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 苏仕林 ( 2014) 桂西壮族文化与植物多样性保护的关系. 植物资源与环境学报, 23, 107-113.]
[16]	Tamang B, Tamang JP ( 2014) Traditional knowledge of bio- preservation of perishable vegetable and bamboo shoots in northeast India as food resources. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 8(8), 89-95.
[17]	Tao YH, Cao SG, Long WG ( 2016) Study on pickled sour plants in Guangxi. China Condiment, 41(4), 153-158. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 陶玉华, 曹书阁, 隆卫革 ( 2016) 广西酸食植物的研究. 中国调味品, 41(4), 153-158.]
[18]	Wang J, Yang YM, Wang J, Shi M, Pei SJ ( 2004) Cultural diversity and biological diversity. In: The Symposium of the 6th National Seminar on Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Use. Southwest Forestry University, Kunming Institute of Botany of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lijiang. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 王娟, 杨宇明, 王泾, 石明, 裴盛基 ( 2004) 试论文化多样性与生物多样性的相互关系. 见: 第六届全国生物多样性保护与持续利用研讨会论文集. 西南林业大学, 中国科学院昆明植物研究所, 云南丽江.]
[19]	Wang YJ, Xue DY ( 2015) The impacts of traditional knowledge of Dong people on biodiversity conservation. Guizhou Social Sciences, ( 2), 95-99. (in Chinese)
	[ 王艳杰, 薛达元 ( 2015) 论侗族传统知识对生物多样性保护的作用. 贵州社会科学, ( 2), 95-99.]
[20]	Wen B ( 2007) Basic Knowledge of Biodiversity Conservation. The Nationalities Publishing House of Yunnan, Kunming. (in Chinese)
	[ 文彬 ( 2007) 生物多样性保护基础知识. 云南民族出版社, 昆明.]
[21]	Xu ZF ( 2015) Conservation of biodiversity and cultural diversity are two sides of a coin: Xishuangbanna Dai’s ecological culture as an example. Biodiversity Science, 23, 126-130. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 许再富 ( 2015) 生物多样性保护与文化多样性保护是一枚硬币的两面: 以西双版纳傣族生态文化为例. 生物多样性, 23, 123-130.]
[22]	Xu ZF, Liu HM ( 1995) Palm Leaves Buddhism Sutra Culture of Xishuangbanna Dai and plant diversity conservation. Chinese Biodiversity, 3, 174-179. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 许再富, 刘宏茂 ( 1995) 西双版纳傣族贝叶文化与植物多样性保护. 生物多样性, 3, 174-179.]
[23]	Xue DY, Qin TB, Cai L ( 2012) The Regime of Access and Benefit Sharing for Traditional Knowledge Associated with Genetic Resources. China Environmental Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese)
	[ 薛达元, 秦天宝, 蔡蕾 ( 2012) 遗传资源相关传统知识获取与惠益分享制度研究. 中国环境科学出版社, 北京.]
[24]	Yu LX, Yang JB, Xue DY ( 2018) The impacts of traditional knowledge on biodiversity conservation in Dongxiang area. Journal of Minzu University of China (Natural Sciences Edition), 27(4), 53-58. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 余乐霞, 杨京彪, 薛达元 ( 2018) 论东乡族传统知识对生物多样性的保护作用. 中央民族大学学报(自然科学版), 27(4), 53-58.]
[25]	Yuan NN, Xue DY, Peng Y ( 2011) The roles of traditional knowledge in biodiversity conservation for Li ethnic people in Hainan Island of China. Journal of Minzu University of China (Natural Sciences Edition), 20(2), 30-33. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 袁楠楠, 薛达元, 彭羽 ( 2011) 黎族传统知识对生物多样性保护的作用. 中央民族大学学报(自然科学版), 20(2), 30-33.]
[26]	Zhang JQ, Xue DY ( 2011) Relationship between traditional knowledge and biological diversity for Yao people. Journal of Minzu University of China (Natural Sciences Edition), 20(2), 45-48, 75. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 张佳琦, 薛达元 ( 2011) 瑶族传统知识与生物多样性关系初识. 中央民族大学学报(自然科学版), 20(2), 45-48, 75.]
[27]	Zhang SZ ( 1988) Selected Names of Guangxi in Zhuang Language (Chinese Version). Guangxi Nationalities Publishing House, Nanning. (in Chinese)
	[ 张声震 ( 1988) 广西壮语地名选集(汉文版). 广西民族出版社, 南宁.]
[28]	Zhou Y, Yan WD ( 2016) Conservation and applications of camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora) in China: Ethnobotany and genetic resources. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 63, 1049-1061.
[29]	Zou LL, Dao ZL, Long CL ( 2009) Study on community forest resource management of the Zhuang Nationality in Southeast Yunnan of China. Journal of Plant Resources and Environment, 18, 67-73. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 邹绿柳, 刀志灵, 龙春林 ( 2009) 滇东南壮族社区森林资源管理分析. 植物资源与环境学报, 18, 67-73.]