三江平原土壤动物群落多样性对CO2浓度升高的响应

doi:10.17520/biods.2018081

生物多样性 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (10): 1127-1132. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018081 cstr: 32101.14.biods.2018081

所属专题：土壤生物与土壤健康

• 研究报告 • 上一篇

三江平原土壤动物群落多样性对CO₂浓度升高的响应

伍一宁^1,², 王贺¹, 钟海秀², 许楠², 李金博², 王继丰², 倪红伟^2,^*(), 邹红菲^1,^*()

1 (东北林业大学野生动物资源学院, 哈尔滨 150040)
2 (黑龙江省科学院自然与生态研究所, 哈尔滨 150040)

收稿日期:2018-03-19 接受日期:2018-06-13 出版日期:2018-10-20 发布日期:2019-01-06
通讯作者: 倪红伟,邹红菲
作者简介:# 共同第一作者
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(31500323, 31370426)和黑龙江省科学院青年创新基金(CXMS2018ZR01)

The response of diverse soil fauna communities to elevated CO₂ concentrations in Sanjiang Plain

Yining Wu^1,², He Wang¹, Haixiu Zhong², Nan Xu², Jinbo Li², Jifeng Wang², Hongwei Ni^2,^*(), Hongfei Zou^1,^*()

1 College of Wildlife Resources, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040
2 Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150040

Received:2018-03-19 Accepted:2018-06-13 Online:2018-10-20 Published:2019-01-06
Contact: Ni Hongwei,Zou Hongfei
About author:# Co-first authors

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为研究大气CO₂浓度升高条件下土壤动物的响应, 本文采用开顶式气室(OTC)控制大气CO₂浓度, 设置了3个梯度, 分别为低浓度370 ppm背景CO₂(AC)、中浓度550 ppm CO₂(EC1)和高浓度700 ppm CO₂(EC2)。于2017年秋季取样并用改良Tullgren干漏斗法和Baermann湿漏斗分离土壤动物。结果表明: (1)共捕获土壤动物6,268头, 隶属于7纲15目, 优势类群为甲螨亚目, 占捕获量的88.13%; 常见类群为弹尾目和双翅目幼虫, 合计占捕获量的9%。不同CO₂浓度水平下, 优势类群(甲螨亚目)和常见类群(弹尾目、双翅目幼虫)相同, 但是稀有类群存在一定差异。(2) CO₂浓度升高显著增加了甲螨亚目的类群数和个体密度, 显著降低了弹尾目的类群数和个体密度, 对其他土壤动物无显著影响。(3)三江平原不同浓度条件下土壤动物的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数均为AC > EC1 > EC2, 而优势度指数为EC2 > EC1 > AC, 丰富度指数为AC > EC2 > EC1。研究表明, 气候变化有可能影响土壤动物的群落结构以及土壤动物的多样性。

关键词: 三江平原, 土壤动物, CO₂浓度升高, 生物多样性

Abstract

The effect of elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations was investigated on soil fauna communities, controlling the concentrations at 370, 550 and 700 ppm in open top chambers in Sanjiang Plain. Samples were taken and separated by Tullgren or Baermann funnel methods in autumn 2017. Our results showed that: (1) 6,268 individuals belonging to seven classes and 15 orders were collected. Oribatida was the dominant group, accounting for 88.13% of the total individuals. Collembola and Diptera larvae were the other most common groups, accounting for 9% in total, respectively. Different groups varied in their responses to elevated CO₂ concentrations. Oribatida was the dominant group. Collembola and Diptera larvae were the most common groups in AC, EC1 and EC2, but rare groups also differed in AC, EC1 and EC2. (2) The elevated CO₂ concentration significantly increased the density of Oribatida, but reduced the density of Collembola. However, no other soil fauna were significantly affected. (3) The Shannon-Wiener index and the Pielou index of soil fauna exhibited the order of AC > EC1 > EC2, the Simpson index showed the order of EC2 > EC1 > AC, and the Margalef index showed the order of AC > EC2 > EC1. Our results indicate that the soil fauna community composition and diversity might be affected by climate change.

Key words: Sanjiang Plain, soil fauna, elevated CO₂ concentration, biodiversity

伍一宁, 王贺, 钟海秀, 许楠, 李金博, 王继丰, 倪红伟, 邹红菲 (2018) 三江平原土壤动物群落多样性对CO₂浓度升高的响应. 生物多样性, 26, 1127-1132. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018081.

Yining Wu, He Wang, Haixiu Zhong, Nan Xu, Jinbo Li, Jifeng Wang, Hongwei Ni, Hongfei Zou (2018) The response of diverse soil fauna communities to elevated CO₂ concentrations in Sanjiang Plain. Biodiversity Science, 26, 1127-1132. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018081.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2018081

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2018/V26/I10/1127

图/表 3

表1 不同CO2浓度处理下土壤动物群落组成和个体密度(ind./m2)。AC: 370 ppm CO2; EC1: 550 ppm CO2; EC2: 700 ppm CO2。

Table 1 Soil fauna communities and densities (ind./m2) under different CO2 concentration. AC, 370 ppm CO2; EC1, 550 ppm CO2; EC2, 700 ppm CO2.

	AC		EC1		EC2
	密度 Density	优势度 Dominance	密度 Density	优势度 Dominance	密度 Density	优势度 Dominance
弹尾目 Collembola	7.98%	++	5.63%	++	2.53%	++
甲螨亚目 Oribatida	82.32%	+++	86.00%	+++	92.88%	+++
双翅目幼虫 Diptera larvae	6.63%	++	4.81%	++	2.28%	++
蜘蛛目 Araneae	0.06%	+	0.16%	+	0.14%	+
鞘翅目幼虫 Coleptera larvae	0.68%	+	0.55%	+	0.25%	+
同翅目 Homoptera	0.49%	+	0.27%	+	0.11%	+
线蚓科 Enchytraeidae	0.49%	+	0.38%	+	0.21%	+
原尾纲 Protura	0.06%	+	-	-	-	-
缨翅目 Thysanoptera	0.06%	+	-	-	0.04%	+
中气门亚目 Mesostigmata	0.80%	+	0.33%	+	0.11%	+
啮虫目 Psocoptera	0.06%	+	0.33%	+	0.14%	+
绒螨科 Trombidformes	0.06%	+	0.16%	+	0.18%	+
线虫 Nemata	0.06%	+	0.16%	+	0.78%	+
鞘翅目成虫 Coleptera imago	0.18%	+	0.60%	+	0.28%	+
蜚蠊目 Blattoptera	0.06%	+	0.05%	+	0.04%	+
正蚓目 Lumbricida	-	-	-	-	0.04%	+
双翅目成虫 Diptera imago	-	-	0.55%	+	-	-

图1 三江平原不同CO2浓度处理下土壤动物优势类群类群数和密度。AC: 370 ppm CO2; EC1: 550 ppm CO2; EC2: 700 ppm CO2。不同小写字母表示不同处理之间个体密度或类群数有显著差异(P < 0.05)。

Fig. 1 Effect of CO2 concentration on soil fauna communities in Sanjiang Plain. AC, 370 ppm CO2; EC1, 550 ppm CO2; EC2, 700 ppm CO2. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference in density or group richness among treatments (P < 0.05).

图2 三江平原不同CO2浓度处理下土壤动物群落的生态多样性指数(平均值 ± 标准差)。AC: 370 ppm CO2; EC1: 550 ppm CO2; EC2: 700 ppm CO2。不同小写字母表示不同处理之间多样性指数有显著差异(P < 0.05)。

Fig. 2 Diversity indices of soil fauna communities under different CO2 concentration in Sanjiang Plain. AC, 370 ppm CO2; EC1, 550 ppm CO2; EC2, 700 ppm CO2. Different lowercase letters indicate significant difference in diversity indices among treatments (P < 0.05).

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三江平原土壤动物群落多样性对CO₂浓度升高的响应

The response of diverse soil fauna communities to elevated CO₂ concentrations in Sanjiang Plain

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