生物多样性 ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (12): 1331-1338. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017207
收稿日期:
2017-07-20
接受日期:
2017-12-19
出版日期:
2017-12-20
发布日期:
2017-12-10
通讯作者:
唐文乔
基金资助:
Xiaojing Song1,2, Wenqiao Tang1,2,*(), Ya Zhang1,2
Received:
2017-07-20
Accepted:
2017-12-19
Online:
2017-12-20
Published:
2017-12-10
Contact:
Tang Wenqiao
摘要:
武夷山脉-仙霞岭是长江鄱阳湖水系与我国东部独流入海的钱塘江、瓯江、闽江和韩江等水系的分水岭, 是中国陆地生物多样性保护的关键地区之一。本文对武夷山-仙霞岭地区5个水系的111个上游江段鱼类进行了采集, 获得标本13,000余号, 并结合文献资料对该地区的鱼类区系作了分析。结果显示, 该地区共分布有鱼类282种, 其中纯淡水土著鱼类239种, 隶属于6目23科101属。鲤形目、鲈形目、鲇形目各有181种、29种和22种, 分别占纯淡水鱼类的75.73%、12.13%和9.21%, 是本地区鱼类组成的主体。东亚特有的江河平原鱼类和南亚暖水性鱼类各有109种和51种, 分别占纯淡水鱼类的45.61%和21.34%。5个水系之间鱼类的共有种较多, 平均相似度均在50%以上。但东部4条独流入海河流, 自北往南江河平原鱼类所占比例逐渐下降, 而南亚暖水性鱼类则逐渐增加。鱼类区系的聚类分析显示, 鄱阳湖、钱塘江、瓯江和闽江聚为一类, 韩江单独构成另一类。分析表明, 武夷山脉-仙霞岭并没有对淡水鱼类形成很强的阻隔作用, 整个区域都是东洋区的组成部分。但鉴于已经出现的一些南北差异, 本文认为可以将东南部的韩江水系划归南东亚亚区的华南小区, 鄱阳湖水系与钱塘江、瓯江和闽江水系划归华东小区。
宋小晶, 唐文乔, 张亚 (2017) 华东武夷山-仙霞岭地区淡水鱼类区系特征及其动物地理区划. 生物多样性, 25, 1331-1338. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017207.
Xiaojing Song, Wenqiao Tang, Ya Zhang (2017) Freshwater fish fauna and zoogeographical divisions in the Wuyi-Xianxialing Mountains of eastern China. Biodiversity Science, 25, 1331-1338. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017207.
鄱阳湖水系 Poyang Lake | 钱塘江水系 Qiantang River | 瓯江水系 Oujiang River | 闽江水系 Minjiang River | 韩江水系 Hanjiang River | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
鄱阳湖水系 Poyang Lake | - | 73.40% | 64.20% | 70.70% | 55.72% |
钱塘江水系 Qiantang River | 105 | - | 81.54% | 69.77% | 52.67% |
瓯江水系 Oujiang River | 81 | 86 | - | 67.25% | 54.39% |
闽江水系 Minjiang River | 103 | 83 | 72 | - | 65.64% |
韩江水系 Hanjiang River | 77 | 60 | 56 | 76 | - |
表1 武夷山-仙霞岭地区各水系间淡水鱼类共有种数(对角线以下)及相似度(对角线以上)
Table 1 Common species number (below diagonal) and similarity (above diagonal) of freshwater fishes among water systems in Wuyi-Xianxialing Mountains
鄱阳湖水系 Poyang Lake | 钱塘江水系 Qiantang River | 瓯江水系 Oujiang River | 闽江水系 Minjiang River | 韩江水系 Hanjiang River | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
鄱阳湖水系 Poyang Lake | - | 73.40% | 64.20% | 70.70% | 55.72% |
钱塘江水系 Qiantang River | 105 | - | 81.54% | 69.77% | 52.67% |
瓯江水系 Oujiang River | 81 | 86 | - | 67.25% | 54.39% |
闽江水系 Minjiang River | 103 | 83 | 72 | - | 65.64% |
韩江水系 Hanjiang River | 77 | 60 | 56 | 76 | - |
鄱阳湖水系 Poyang Lake | 钱塘江水系 Qiantang River | 瓯江水系 Oujiang River | 闽江水系 Minjiang River | 韩江水系 Hanjiang River | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
江河平原鱼类 Fishes in river plains of East Asia | 50.82 | 51.28 | 48.96 | 42.98 | 38.74 |
南亚暖水性鱼类 Warm water fishes of Southeast Asian origin | 19.13 | 9.40 | 11.46 | 19.83 | 21.62 |
表2 江河平原鱼类和南亚暖水性鱼类在各水系所占比例(%)
Table 2 Proportions of the fishes in river plains of East Asia and warm water fishes of Southeast Asian origin in river systems (%)
鄱阳湖水系 Poyang Lake | 钱塘江水系 Qiantang River | 瓯江水系 Oujiang River | 闽江水系 Minjiang River | 韩江水系 Hanjiang River | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
江河平原鱼类 Fishes in river plains of East Asia | 50.82 | 51.28 | 48.96 | 42.98 | 38.74 |
南亚暖水性鱼类 Warm water fishes of Southeast Asian origin | 19.13 | 9.40 | 11.46 | 19.83 | 21.62 |
图2 武夷山-仙霞岭地区各水系纯淡水鱼类区系聚类分析。PYH: 鄱阳湖; QTJ: 钱塘江; OJ: 瓯江; MJ: 闽江; HJ: 韩江。
Fig. 2 Cluster dendrogram of pure freshwater fish fauna of water systems in Wuyi-Xianxialing Mountains. PYH, Poyang Lake; QTJ, Qiantang River; OJ, Oujiang River; MJ, Minjiang River; HJ, Hanjiang River.
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