生物多样性 ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (5): 464-480. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017024
斯幸峰, 赵郁豪, 陈传武, 任鹏, 曾頔, 吴玲兵, 丁平*()
收稿日期:
2017-01-24
接受日期:
2017-05-13
出版日期:
2017-05-20
发布日期:
2017-06-06
通讯作者:
丁平
基金资助:
Xingfeng Si, Yuhao Zhao, Chuanwu Chen, Peng Ren, Di Zeng, Lingbing Wu, Ping Ding*()
Received:
2017-01-24
Accepted:
2017-05-13
Online:
2017-05-20
Published:
2017-06-06
Contact:
Ding Ping
摘要:
Beta多样性是指不同群落间物种组成的差异, 由物种周转(或物种替换)和嵌套(或丰富度差异)这两种过程决定。Beta多样性分解是将这两种过程对总体beta多样性的作用进行拆分, 然后分别探讨这两种过程对群落间物种组成差异的影响。2010年之后, 人们提出了beta多样性分解的方法, 其中占据主导地位的是由Andrés Baselga于2010年提出的BAS法(总体beta多样性分解为物种周转和嵌套组分)和由János Podani和Dénes Schmera于2011年以及José C. Carvalho等于2012年提出的POD法(总体beta多样性分解为物种替换和丰富度差异组分)。这两种分解方法引起了持续的争论, 促进了该领域的快速发展。作者归纳分析了2010年后有关beta多样性分解的文献后发现, 使用BAS法的论文无论在发表量和引用次数上都多于POD法(75% vs. 20%)。Beta多样性分解的研究主要集中在欧洲(45%), 研究类群则以动物(64%)为主。本文在回顾beta多样性分解方法的提出及其发展过程的基础上, 从时空维度(纬度梯度、海拔梯度、生境片断化过程以及季节和年际动态)、多样性的不同方面(物种、功能和谱系多样性)和不同生物类群之间的比较等研究角度出发, 进一步阐述了beta多样性分解方法在探讨生物多样性分布格局以及形成机制中的应用。对于beta多样性分解的研究, 我们认为需要深入探讨的问题有: (1) beta多样性分解方法的比较分析和整合; (2)结合物种多度信息探讨beta多样性及其组分的分布格局; (3)对大尺度下beta多样性分解的结果进行普适性验证。
斯幸峰, 赵郁豪, 陈传武, 任鹏, 曾頔, 吴玲兵, 丁平 (2017) Beta多样性分解: 方法、应用与展望. 生物多样性, 25, 464-480. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017024.
Xingfeng Si, Yuhao Zhao, Chuanwu Chen, Peng Ren, Di Zeng, Lingbing Wu, Ping Ding (2017) Beta-diversity partitioning: methods, applications and perspectives. Biodiversity Science, 25, 464-480. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017024.
图1 2010-2016年间beta多样性分解研究领域的论文发表状况。(A)引用BAS法和POD法的年度论文发表数量,以及使用BAS法或POD法分析数据的年度论文发表数量; (B)地区分布
Fig. 1 Publications for studies in the field of beta-diversity partitioning from 2010 to 2016. (A) Number of annual publications cited BAS and POD methods, and using BAS or POD method to analyze the data; (B) Distribution of research areas
图2 2010-2016年间beta多样性分解论文所涉及的生物门类及相应发表论文数量
Fig. 2 Number of publications for each biological taxon in the field of beta-diversity partitioning from 2010 to 2016
图3 两个研究地点间物种组成示意图。a为共有物种数, b和c分别是两个地点各自特有的物种数。两个研究地点间物种的组成差异为b + c, 丰富度差异为|b - c|, 以及物种替换为2 min (b, c)。
Fig. 3 Demonstration of species compositions between two sites. a is the number of shared species, b and c are the species exclusive to each site. The number of compositional differences between two sites is b + c. Richness difference is |b - c|, and species replacement is given by 2 min (b, c).
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