次生常绿阔叶林的群落结构与物种组成:基于浙江乌岩岭9 ha森林动态样地

doi:10.17520/biods.2015110

生物多样性 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5): 619-629. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015110

所属专题：森林动态监测样地专题

• 森林动态监测样地专题 • 上一篇下一篇

次生常绿阔叶林的群落结构与物种组成:基于浙江乌岩岭9 ha森林动态样地

仲磊^1,⁵, 张杨家豪², 卢品^1,⁵, 顾雪萍³, 雷祖培⁴, 蔡延奔³, 郑方东⁴, 孙义方², 于明坚^1,^*()

1 浙江大学生命科学学院, 杭州 310058
2 东华大学自然资源与环境学系, 台湾花莲 97401
3 温州工业科学研究院, 浙江温州 325028
4 浙江乌岩岭国家级自然保护区管理局, 浙江泰顺 325500
5 浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院, 浙江金华 321004

收稿日期:2015-03-03 接受日期:2015-07-13 出版日期:2015-09-20 发布日期:2015-10-12
通讯作者: 于明坚
基金资助:
浙江省财政厅、浙江省环保厅《浙江省生态环境10年变化(2000-2010年)遥感调查与评估》项目和温州市科技计划(H20100007)

Community structure and species composition of the secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest: the analyses for a 9 ha forest dynamics plot in Wuyanling Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, East China

Lei Zhong^1,⁵, Chia-Hao Chang-Yang², Pin Lu^1,⁵, Xueping Gu³, Zupei Lei⁴, Yanben Cai³, Fangdong Zheng⁴, I-Fang Sun², Mingjian Yu^1,^*()

1 College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058
2 Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, Dong Hwa University, Hualein, Taiwan 97401
3 Wenzhou Institute of Industry & Science, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325028
4 Zhejiang Wuyanling National Nature Reserve Management Bureau, Taishun, Zhejiang 325500
5 College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321004

Received:2015-03-03 Accepted:2015-07-13 Online:2015-09-20 Published:2015-10-12
Contact: Yu Mingjian

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

常绿阔叶林是我国亚热带地区的地带性植被, 但由于长期的人为干扰, 目前仅有少量分布且主要以次生常绿阔叶林的形式存在。因此, 了解次生常绿阔叶林的物种共存机制对于保护森林生物多样性非常重要。基于大型动态监测样地对森林的物种组成及群落结构进行研究, 是揭示生物多样性维持机制的重要手段。按照美国史密森研究院热带森林科学研究中心(Center for Tropical Forest Science, CTFS)大型森林动态样地建设标准, 于2011-2012年在浙江省乌岩岭国家级自然保护区内建立了1个9 ha森林动态监测样地。通过对样地内胸径≥ 1 cm木本植物的物种组成(如重要值)、群落结构(如区系组成和径级结构等)以及空间分布的分析发现: (1)样地有木本植物存活个体47科92属200种71,396株, 其中壳斗科、樟科、山茶科、冬青科、杜鹃花科和山矾科等占优势; (2)在区系组成上, 热带成分略多于温带成分; (3)群落径级结构接近倒“J”型, 表明群落更新良好, 其中优势种径级结构呈倒“J”型、偏常态型和波动型等各种形态, 且并未表现出种群衰退的趋势; (4)优势种表现出明显的生境偏好和聚集分布格局, 暗示生境异质性可能是影响亚热带次生常绿阔叶林物种空间分布的重要因素。

关键词: 次生常绿阔叶林, 森林动态样地, 种-面积关系, 区系组成, 径级结构, 空间分布

Abstract

The zonal vegetation type of subtropical China is evergreen broad-leaved forest (EBLF). However, due to long term anthropogenic disturbance, primary EBLF is now scarce in this region; most of the EBLFs exist as secondary forests. Therefore, to preserve the regional forest biodiversity, it is important to understand the mechanisms underlying biodiversity maintenance of the regional secondary EBLF. One method for examining the mechanisms of forest biodiversity maintenance is to investigate the species composition and community structure on the basis of a large forest dynamics plot (FDP). According to protocols of Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS), we established a 9 ha FDP in the secondary EBLF of Wuyanling National Nature Reserve in Zhejiang Province, China, during 2011-2012. Here, we carried out analysis on species composition (e.g., importance value), community structure (e.g., floristic composition, size-class structure), and spatial distribution of woody plants with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥1 cm. Results indicated that there were 71,396 woody plant individuals belonging to 200 species, 92 genera and 47 families within the FDP. The dominant families were Fagaceae, Lauraceae, Theaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Ericaceae and Symplocaceae. There were slightly more tropical elements than temperate elements found both at family and genus level. DBH size-classed community structure was reverse ‘J’ shaped, indicating abundant regeneration. Dominant species showed various shapes, such as reverse ‘J’, skewed or waved shapes, but no signs of population decline. Dominant species showed habitat priority and aggregated distribution patterns possibly related to habitat conditions, suggesting that habitat heterogeneity might be responsible to the spatial distribution of the dominant species in this FDP.

Key words: secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest, forest dynamics plot, species-area relationship, floristic composition, DBH size structure, spatial distribution

仲磊, 张杨家豪, 卢品, 顾雪萍, 雷祖培, 蔡延奔, 郑方东, 孙义方, 于明坚 (2015) 次生常绿阔叶林的群落结构与物种组成:基于浙江乌岩岭9 ha森林动态样地. 生物多样性, 23, 619-629. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015110.

Lei Zhong, Chia-Hao Chang-Yang, Pin Lu, Xueping Gu, Zupei Lei, Yanben Cai, Fangdong Zheng, I-Fang Sun, Mingjian Yu (2015) Community structure and species composition of the secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest: the analyses for a 9 ha forest dynamics plot in Wuyanling Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, East China. Biodiversity Science, 23, 619-629. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2015110.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.17520/biods.2015110

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2015/V23/I5/619

图/表 8

参考文献 42

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物种 Species	生长型 Growth form	重要值 Importance value	多度 Abundance	胸高截面积 Basal area at breast height (cm²)
甜槠 Castanopsis eyrei	乔木 Tree	6.910	1,960	648,308.8
褐叶青冈 Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana	乔木 Tree	5.466	2,544	440,337.7
麂角杜鹃 Rhododendron latoucheae	灌木或小乔木 Shrub or small tree	5.079	7,066	133,615.2
木荷 Schima superba	乔木 Tree	4.873	1,789	411,009.1
窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa var. attenuata	灌木 Shrub	3.930	6,565	26,387.3
浙江新木姜子 Neolitsea aurata var. chekiangensis	小乔木 Small tree	3.109	3,612	92,752.7
马银花 Rhododendron ovatum	灌木 Shrub	2.999	4,004	55,047.9
尖连蕊茶 Camellia cuspidata	灌木 Shrub	2.878	4,223	33,259.9
短尾柯 Lithocarpus brevicaudatus	乔木 Tree	2.686	801	208,432.9
红楠 Machilus thunbergii	乔木 Tree	2.659	1,804	137,991.1
满山红 Rhododendron mariesii	灌木 Shrub	2.193	2,638	55,082.7
格药柃 Eurya muricata	灌木或小乔木 Shrub or small tree	1.808	2,539	13,233.0
凤凰润楠 Machilus phoenicis	小乔木 Small tree	1.760	2,451	10,187.8
拟赤杨 Alniphyllum fortunei	乔木 Tree	1.684	379	129,417.3
雷公鹅耳枥 Carpinus viminea	乔木 Tree	1.630	761	95,254.4

物种 Species	生长型 Growth form	重要值 Importance value	多度 Abundance	胸高截面积 Basal area at breast height (cm²)
甜槠 Castanopsis eyrei	乔木 Tree	6.910	1,960	648,308.8
褐叶青冈 Cyclobalanopsis stewardiana	乔木 Tree	5.466	2,544	440,337.7
麂角杜鹃 Rhododendron latoucheae	灌木或小乔木 Shrub or small tree	5.079	7,066	133,615.2
木荷 Schima superba	乔木 Tree	4.873	1,789	411,009.1
窄基红褐柃 Eurya rubiginosa var. attenuata	灌木 Shrub	3.930	6,565	26,387.3
浙江新木姜子 Neolitsea aurata var. chekiangensis	小乔木 Small tree	3.109	3,612	92,752.7
马银花 Rhododendron ovatum	灌木 Shrub	2.999	4,004	55,047.9
尖连蕊茶 Camellia cuspidata	灌木 Shrub	2.878	4,223	33,259.9
短尾柯 Lithocarpus brevicaudatus	乔木 Tree	2.686	801	208,432.9
红楠 Machilus thunbergii	乔木 Tree	2.659	1,804	137,991.1
满山红 Rhododendron mariesii	灌木 Shrub	2.193	2,638	55,082.7
格药柃 Eurya muricata	灌木或小乔木 Shrub or small tree	1.808	2,539	13,233.0
凤凰润楠 Machilus phoenicis	小乔木 Small tree	1.760	2,451	10,187.8
拟赤杨 Alniphyllum fortunei	乔木 Tree	1.684	379	129,417.3
雷公鹅耳枥 Carpinus viminea	乔木 Tree	1.630	761	95,254.4

分布区类型 Areal type	科数 No. of families	科的比例 Proportion of families (%)	属数 No. of genera	属的比例 Proportion of genera (%)
1. 广布 Widespread	9	-	0	-
2. 泛热带 Pantropic	14	35.9	17	18.5
3. 东亚及热带南美间断 Tropical Asia and South Tropical America disjuncted	6	15.4	7	7.6
4. 旧世界热带 Old World Tropic	1	2.6	4	4.3
5. 热带亚洲至热带大洋洲 Tropical Asia to Tropical Australasia Oceania	1	2.6	2	2.2
6. 热带亚洲至热带非洲 Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa	0	0.0	2	2.2
7. 热带亚洲 Tropical Asia	1	2.6	12	13.0
热带合计 Total of Tropics (2-7)	23	59.0	44	47.8
8. 北温带 North Temperate	12	30.8	17	18.5
9. 东亚及北美间断East Asia and North America disjuncted	3	7.7	16	17.4
12. 地中海区、西亚至中亚 Mediterranean, West Asia to Central Asia	0	0.0	1	1.1
14. 东亚 East Asia	1	2.6	9	9.8
温带合计 Total of Temperate (8, 9, 12, 14)	16	41.0	43	46.7
15. 中国特有 Endemic to China	0	0.0	5	5.4

分布区类型 Areal type	科数 No. of families	科的比例 Proportion of families (%)	属数 No. of genera	属的比例 Proportion of genera (%)
1. 广布 Widespread	9	-	0	-
2. 泛热带 Pantropic	14	35.9	17	18.5
3. 东亚及热带南美间断 Tropical Asia and South Tropical America disjuncted	6	15.4	7	7.6
4. 旧世界热带 Old World Tropic	1	2.6	4	4.3
5. 热带亚洲至热带大洋洲 Tropical Asia to Tropical Australasia Oceania	1	2.6	2	2.2
6. 热带亚洲至热带非洲 Tropical Asia to Tropical Africa	0	0.0	2	2.2
7. 热带亚洲 Tropical Asia	1	2.6	12	13.0
热带合计 Total of Tropics (2-7)	23	59.0	44	47.8
8. 北温带 North Temperate	12	30.8	17	18.5
9. 东亚及北美间断East Asia and North America disjuncted	3	7.7	16	17.4
12. 地中海区、西亚至中亚 Mediterranean, West Asia to Central Asia	0	0.0	1	1.1
14. 东亚 East Asia	1	2.6	9	9.8
温带合计 Total of Temperate (8, 9, 12, 14)	16	41.0	43	46.7
15. 中国特有 Endemic to China	0	0.0	5	5.4

次生常绿阔叶林的群落结构与物种组成:基于浙江乌岩岭9 ha森林动态样地

Community structure and species composition of the secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest: the analyses for a 9 ha forest dynamics plot in Wuyanling Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, East China

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