Relationships between species richness and biomass/productivity depend on environmental factors in secondary forests of Dinghai, Zhejiang Province

doi:10.17520/biods.2017320

Abstract

Abstract:

Experimental studies of the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) have mainly been conducted in artificial ecosystems with randomly assembled species, highlighting the need of testing this relationship in real world. In particular, these studies did not consider the effects of environmental factors on the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Hence, we used secondary forests, which are widely distributed in the subtropics, as research objects. We used model fitting methods to study the relationship between species richness and biomass/productivity. Meanwhile, we also explored the effects of environmental factors (e.g., elevation, aspect, slope, and soil depth) on biomass and productivity and on BEF relationships. Our results showed that there was a significant linear correlation between species richness and biomass, and a quartic correlation between species richness and productivity (i.e., humped curve) when environmental factors were not considered. Considering that biomass was significantly affected by stem density and soil depth, while productivity was not affected by environmental factors, we found that only under the environmental conditions characterized by steep slopes, south aspects, or higher soil depths, was species richness significantly correlated with biomass. The relationship between species richness and productivity showed a significant quadratic correlation under higher elevation, but not under any other environmental conditions. These results suggest that the relationship between species richness and productivity is different from the relationship between species richness and biomass, and both these relationships depend on environmental factors.

http://jtp.cnki.net/bilingual/detail/html/SWDY201806002

Key words: biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, subtropical forest, environmental gradient, Zhejiang

Chuping Wu, Wenjuan Han, Bo Jiang, Bowen Liu, Weigao Yuan, Aihua Shen, Yujie Huang, Jinru Zhu. Relationships between species richness and biomass/productivity depend on environmental factors in secondary forests of Dinghai, Zhejiang Province[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2018, 26(6): 545-553.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2017320

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2018/V26/I6/545

Figures/Tables 5

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模型 Models	F	R²	P	AICc
BIO~S	5.436	0.110	0.02	818.941
BIO~ S + S²	2.700	0.116	0.07	821.261
∆BIO~S	0.545	0.012	0.46	-34.944
∆BIO ~ S + S²	3.075	0.125	0.05	-38.123

模型 Models	F	R²	P	AICc
BIO~S	5.436	0.110	0.02	818.941
BIO~ S + S²	2.700	0.116	0.07	821.261
∆BIO~S	0.545	0.012	0.46	-34.944
∆BIO ~ S + S²	3.075	0.125	0.05	-38.123

		估计值 Estimate	标准误 SE	t	P
生物量 Biomass (BIO)	截距 Intercept	8.141	0.073	111.036	< 0.001
生物量 Biomass (BIO)	个体密度 Density (ind./ha)	0.221	0.076	2.900	< 0.01
	土壤厚度 Soil depth (cm)	0.136	0.075	1.815	0.07
	物种丰富度 Species richness	0.126	0.076	1.646	0.10
生产力 Productivity (∆BIO)	截距 Intercept	0.147	0.020	7.665	< 0.001
	物种丰富度 Species richness	0.265	0.103	2.590	< 0.05
	物种丰富度的平方 Square of species richness	-0.249	0.102	-2.434	< 0.05

		估计值 Estimate	标准误 SE	t	P
生物量 Biomass (BIO)	截距 Intercept	8.141	0.073	111.036	< 0.001
生物量 Biomass (BIO)	个体密度 Density (ind./ha)	0.221	0.076	2.900	< 0.01
	土壤厚度 Soil depth (cm)	0.136	0.075	1.815	0.07
	物种丰富度 Species richness	0.126	0.076	1.646	0.10
生产力 Productivity (∆BIO)	截距 Intercept	0.147	0.020	7.665	< 0.001
	物种丰富度 Species richness	0.265	0.103	2.590	< 0.05
	物种丰富度的平方 Square of species richness	-0.249	0.102	-2.434	< 0.05

	范围 Ranges	样方数 No. of plots	功能变量 Functions	一次方程 Linear equation			R²	二次方程 Quadratic equation			R²	ΔAICc
	范围 Ranges	样方数 No. of plots	功能变量 Functions	BIC	AICc	Sig.	R²	BIC	AICc	Sig.	R²	ΔAICc
海拔 Elevation (m)	≤ 65	23	BIO	423.583	421.439	+	0.07	426.317	423.997	+, -	0.08	2.558
	≤ 65	23	∆BIO	-3.744	-5.887	+	0.02	-3.257	-5.577	+, -	0.12	0.310
	> 65	23	BIO	403.055	400.912	+	0.20^*	405.131	402.811	-, +	0.23^#	1.899
	> 65	23	∆BIO	-23.754	-25.897	+	0.02	-26.458	-28.778	+, -	0.24^#	-2.881
坡度 Slope	≤ 20°	33	BIO	596.410	592.748	+	0.01	598.983	594.426	+, -	004	1.678
	≤ 20°	33	∆BIO	-15.746	-19.408	+	0.03	-14.324	-18.882	+, -	0.09	0.526
	> 20°	13	BIO	227.108	228.079	+	0.59^**	227.930	230.671	-, +	0.64^**	2.592
	> 20°	13	∆BIO	-10.178	-9.206	+	0.01	-11.306	-8.566	+, -	0.24	0.640
坡向 Aspect	南、西南 South, Southwest	21	BIO	370.428	368.706	+	0.19^*	371.462	369.784	-, +	0.26^#	1.078
	西、东南 West, Southeast	21	∆BIO	-25.380	-27.102	+	0.01	-26.650	-28.328	+, -	0.19	-1.226
	东、东北 East, Northeast	25	BIO	456.261	453.747	+	0.07	457.746	454.871	+, -	0.14	1.124
	北、西北 North, Northwest	25	∆BIO	-4.620	-7.133	+	0.02	-3.648	-6.524	+, -	0.10	0.609
土层厚度 Soil depth (cm)	< 40	26	BIO	454.222	451.539	+	0.01	457.463	454.335	+, -	0.01	2.996
	< 40	26	∆BIO	-14.875	-17.559	+	0.04	-11.992	-15.119	+, -	0.06	2.440
	≥ 40	20	BIO	367.197	365.710	+	0.14^#	369.428	368.112	+, -	0.17	2.402
	≥ 40	20	∆BIO	-12.855	-14.342	+	0.03	-13.070	-14.386	+, -	0.17	-0.044
林龄 Forest age	≤ 15	22	BIO	404.116	402.176	+	0.05	406.959	404.948	-, +	0.06	2.772
	≤ 15	22	∆BIO	-13.638	-15.578	-	0.01	-14.995	-17.006	+, -	0.14	-1.428
	> 15	24	BIO	422.094	419.760	+	0.20^*	425.249	422.642	-, +	0.20^#	2.882
	> 15	24	∆BIO	-9.905	-12.239	+	0.02	-8.569	-11.176	+, -	0.09	1.063