铁角蕨科的多倍化与物种多样性形成

doi:10.17520/biods.2017117

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

铁角蕨科植物约800种, 广布世界各地, 主产热带和亚热带地区。本文统计了铁角蕨科188种植物的细胞学资料, 发现167种植物具有多倍化现象, 占总种数的88.8%, 表明该类群植物中普遍存在多倍化事件。具有多倍化现象的物种中, 90种只有1种细胞型, 占总种数的47.9%; 77种具有种内多倍性, 即种下存在多个细胞型组合, 占总种数的41.0%。多倍体细胞倍性极其丰富, 有三倍体、四倍体、六倍体、八倍体、十倍体、十二倍体以及十六倍体。本文还对铁角蕨科多倍化现象与其物种多样性形成的关系进行了讨论, 同时对铁角蕨科多倍化研究中存在的问题进行了探讨。

关键词: 蕨类植物, 多倍化, 物种多样性, 网状进化, 无融合生殖

Abstract

Ferns are considered to have the highest frequency of polyploidy in plants. Based on the published cytological data of 188 species, we analyzed the relationship between polyploidy and the formation of species diversity in the fern family Aspleniaceae, which comprises approximately 800 species. The results show that polyploids, including triploids, tetraploids, hexaploids, octoploids, decaploids, dodecaploids and hexadecaploids, have been documented in the family. Of the 188 Aspleniaceae species with cytological data, 88.8% exhibit polyploidy, 41.0% show intraspecific polyploidy and 47.9% are the result of polyploid speciation. In addition, the diverse ploidy levels suggest that these species have a complex evolutionary history and their taxonomic problems require further study. The perplexity and future directions of study of Aspleniaceae were also discussed.

Key words: Pteridophytes, polyploid, species diversity, reticulation, apomixes

常艳芬 (2017) 铁角蕨科的多倍化与物种多样性形成. 生物多样性, 25, 621-626. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017117.

Yanfen Chang (2017) Polyploidy and the formation of species diversity in Aspleniaceae. Biodiversity Science, 25, 621-626. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017117.

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https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2017/V25/I6/621

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