生物多样性 ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (6): 627-637.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2017090

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

结合分子手段和形态分析验证大白杜鹃与马缨杜鹃的自然杂交

郑硕理1,2, 田晓玲3, 黄承玲3, 王灵军4, 冯元4, 张敬丽1,*()   

  1. 1 云南农业大学园林园艺学院, 昆明 650201
    2 湖南省森林植物园, 长沙 410116
    3 贵州民族大学人文科技学院, 贵阳 550025
    4 贵州百里杜鹃科研所, 贵州毕节 551518
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-22 接受日期:2017-06-28 出版日期:2017-06-20 发布日期:2017-07-10
  • 通讯作者: 张敬丽
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(31260079)和国家科技支撑计划(2015BAD10B00)

Molecular and morphological evidence for natural hybridization between Rhododendron decorum and R. delavayi (Ericaceae)

Shuoli Zheng1,2, Xiaoling Tian3, Chengling Huang3, Lingjun Wang4, Yuan Feng4, Jingli Zhang1,*()   

  1. 1 College of Landscape and Gardening, Yunnan Agriculture University, Kunming 650201
    2 Hunan Forest Botanical Garden, Changsha 410116
    3 College of Humanities & Science, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025
    4 Institute of Guizhou Baili Rhododendron, Bijie, Guizhou 551518
  • Received:2017-03-22 Accepted:2017-06-28 Online:2017-06-20 Published:2017-07-10
  • Contact: Zhang Jingli

摘要:

中国西南地区是世界杜鹃属(Rhododendron)植物的分布和分化中心, 开展杜鹃属自然杂交研究可为分类修订和新品种选育提供依据。本文以贵州百里杜鹃自然保护区(百里保护区)和云南石宝山分布的大白杜鹃(Rhododendron decorum)、马缨杜鹃(R. delavayi)及两种间疑似自然杂交后代和人工杂交后代个体为研究材料, 通过形态特征比较、核基因间隔序列ITS以及叶绿体基因片段trnL-trnF、rbcL和trnH-psbA测序特征分析, 发现疑似自然杂交后代与人工杂交后代形态特征介于大白杜鹃与马缨杜鹃之间; 4个DNA片段序列均能区分大白杜鹃和马缨杜鹃, 同一物种的不同居群在叶绿体基因片段rbcL、trnH-psbA序列存在差异位点; 所有人工杂交后代个体和1个石宝山疑似杂交个体均以大白杜鹃为母本, 所有百里保护区疑似杂交个体和6个石宝山疑似杂交个体以马缨杜鹃为母本。本研究证实了大白杜鹃与马缨杜鹃在百里保护区和云南石宝山存在自然杂交现象, 杂交为双向且自然杂交后代绝大多数以马缨杜鹃为母本。

关键词: 杜鹃属, 自然杂交, 形态特征, DNA序列

Abstract

The southwestern region of China is the center of differentiation for the genus Rhododendron. Studies on the natural hybridization of Rhododendron provide solutions for taxonomic problems and enhance the ability to breed new cultivars faster. In this paper, we compared the morphological features and sequenced nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and chloroplast trnL-trnF, rbcL, trnH-psbA for Rhododendron decorum, R. delavayi, and the putative hybrid offspring of these two species. All samples in this study were collected from Baili Rhododendron Nature Reserve in Guizhou Province, the Shibao Mountain of Yunnan Province and Kunming Botanical Garden. Results showed that all putative hybrids (natural and artificial) produced an intermediate morphology. Sequencing results revealed that all artificial hybrids and one collected from the Shibao Mountain inherited cpDNA from R. decorum, and all putative hybrids collected from Baili Rhododendron Nature Reserve and six from Shibao Mountain inherited cpDNA from R. delavayi. In this study, we have confirmed that natural hybridization between R. decorum and R. delavayi exists in the Guizhou and Yunnan sites. Hybridization was bilateral, and most of the hybrids were derived from maternal parent R. delavayi.

Key words: Rhododendron, natural hybridization, morphological traits, DNA sequences