Roadmap for coordinated development of economic construction and ecological protection in protected areas: Take Sanjiangyuan area as an example

doi:10.17520/biods.2021225

Abstract

Abstract:

Background There is an urgent need for a measure system to guide the coordinated development of economic construction and ecological protection in the protected area, but most of the relevant planning schemes lack the research on the trade-off relationship between economy and ecology, and the application of roadmap design.

Methods Representative ecosystem services were selected to quantify the situation of economic construction and ecological protection, relationship between economy and ecology was identified through collaborative trade-off analysis, development objectives of each stage were pointed out, collaborative development measures were put forward from the aspects of scale structure, engineering technology, policies and regulations, and then a collaborative development roadmap was designed.

Results & Conclusion The case study results of Sanjiangyuan area showed that its economy and ecology were still in a trade-off state because the rate of human demand for natural resources exceeds the rate of resource renewal. Therefore, the development objectives in the early phase (14th Five Year Plan period), the mid-term (2026-2030) and the long-term (2031-2035) were overall layout planning, solving practical problems and helping the backward, the coordinated development measures were put forward, including optimizing and adjusting the scale of social and economic development structure, optimizing the scope and zoning of national parks, improving the carrying capacity and reducing the utilization intensity of grassland, comprehensive ecological compensation mechanism, sustainable alternative livelihood, improving infrastructure construction and the level of public services, and the roadmap was drawn. Thus, support for the planning of Sanjiangyuan National Park was provided.

Key words: roadmap, protected area, ecosystem service, economic construction, ecological protection

Guanzheng Hu, Weihua Zeng, Bingran Ma. Roadmap for coordinated development of economic construction and ecological protection in protected areas: Take Sanjiangyuan area as an example[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(2): 21225.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2021225

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2022/V30/I2/21225

Figures/Tables 5

Fig. 1 Decision tree for scheduling. The diamond represents the decision-making process, and the round frame rectangle represents the result of the decision.

Fig. 2 Spatial distribution (A) and proportion (B) of land use types in Sanjiangyuan area

Fig. 3 Simulation of ecosystem services in Sanjiangyuan area based on InVEST

Table 1 Collaborative trade-off matrix of ecosystem services in Sanjiangyuan area (“+” means coordination and “-” means trade off)

生态系统服务 Ecosystem services	碳总量 Total carbon	生境质量 Habitat quality	产水量 Water yield	GDP变化率 GDP change rate
碳总量 Total carbon	+1.00	+4.99 × 10³	-28.55	-1.24 × 10^-3
生境质量 Habitat quality	+2.00 × 10^-4	+1.00	-7.71 × 10^-4	-1.00 × 10^-8
产水量 Water yield	-3.50 × 10^-2	-1.30 × 10³	+1.00	+9.26 × 10^-6
GDP变化率 GDP change rate	-8.08 × 10²	-1.48 × 10⁸	+1.08 × 10⁵	+1.00

Fig. 4 Roadmap for coordinated development of economic construction and ecological protection in Sanjiangyuan area

References 35

[1]	Bastola S, Seong YJ, Lee SH, Jung Y (2019) Water yield estimation of the Bagmati basin of Nepal using GIS based InVEST model. Journal of Korea Water Resources Association, 52, 637-645.
[2]	Costanza R, d’Arge R, de Groot R, Farber S, Grasso M, Hannon B, Limburg K, Naeem S, O’Neill RV, Paruelo J, Raskin RG, Sutton P, van den Belt M (1997) The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature, 387, 253-260. DOI URL
[3]	Donnelly K, Beckett-Furnell Z, Traeger S, Okrasinski T, Holman S (2006) Eco-design implemented through a product-based environmental management system. Journal of Cleaner Production, 14, 1357-1367. DOI URL
[4]	Hall LS, Krausman PR, Morrison ML (1997) The habitat concept and a plea for standard terminology. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 25, 175-182.
[5]	Jorgensen SE (translated by Lu JJ)(2013) Introduction to Systems Ecology. Higher Education Press, Beijing. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ Jorgensen SE (陆健健译) (2013) 系统生态学导论. 高等教育出版社, 北京.]
[6]	Kaiser FG (1998) A general measure of ecological behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 395-422. DOI URL
[7]	Khanam M, Daim TU (2017) A regional technology roadmap to enable the adoption of CO₂ heat pump water heater: A case from the Pacific Northwest, USA. Energy Strategy Reviews, 18, 157-174. DOI URL
[8]	Li W, Wu YY, Tang Q, Meng HH, Zhuang J, Liang S (2013) The experience and enlightenment of the preparation of Japan’s strategic technology roadmap to China. Innovation and Technology, (1), 8-11. (in Chinese)
	[ 李万, 吴颖颖, 汤琦, 孟海华, 庄珺, 梁偲 (2013) 日本战略性技术路线图的编制对我国的经验启示. 创新科技, (1), 8-11.]
[9]	Liu H, Wu J, Chen XL (2018) Study on spatial-temporal change and trade-off/synergy relationships of ecosystem services in the Danjiangkou water source area. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 38, 4609-4624. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 刘海, 武靖, 陈晓玲 (2018) 丹江口水源区生态系统服务时空变化及权衡协同关系. 生态学报, 38, 4609-4624.]
[10]	Liu XL, Li QL, Lou Y, Yang LJ (2019) Research on the development strategy of China’s national parks (Part 2): Deployment and measures. Creation, (2), 22-26. (in Chinese)
	[ 刘小龙, 李庆雷, 娄阳, 杨路佳 (2019) 中国国家公园发展战略研究(下): 部署与举措. 创造, (2), 22-26.]
[11]	Ma BR (2019) Study on dynamic spatial planning of Sanjiangyuan National Park under changing environment. PhD dissertation, Beijing Normal University, Beijing. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 马冰然 (2019) 变化环境下三江源国家公园动态空间规划研究. 博士学位论文, 北京师范大学, 北京]
[12]	Ma BR, Xie YX, Zhang TZ, Zeng WH, Hu GZ (2020) Identification of conflict between wildlife living spaces and human activity spaces and adjustments in/around protected areas under climate change: A case study in the Three-River Source Region. Journal of Environmental Management, 262, 110322. DOI URL
[13]	Ma BR, Xie YX, Zhang TZ, Zeng WH, Xue YL (2021) Construction of a human-wildlife spatial interaction index in the Three-River Source Region, China. Ecological Indicators, 129, 107986. DOI URL
[14]	Margules CR, Pressey RL (2000) Systematic conservation planning. Nature, 405, 243-253. DOI URL
[15]	Phaal R, Farrukh CP, Probert DR (2004) Technology roadmapping: A planning framework for evolution and revolution. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 71, 5-26. DOI URL
[16]	Probert DR, Farrukh CP, Phaal R (2003) Technology roadmapping: developing a practical approach for linking resources to strategic goals. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 217, 1183-1195. DOI URL
[17]	Qiu MJ (2020) The influence of the “troika” on China’s inflation rate. Co-operative Economy & Science, (8), 50-51. (in Chinese)
	[ 邱敏娟 (2020) “三驾马车”对中国通货膨胀率的影响. 合作经济与科技, (8), 50-51.]
[18]	Sanjiangyuan National Park Administration (2019) Build Sanjiangyuan National Park to guard the “China water tower”. Yellow River news, 004. (in Chinese)
	[三江源国家公园管理局 (2019) 建设三江源国家公园, 守护“中华水塔”. 黄河报, 004]
[19]	Sharp R, Tallis HT, Ricketts T, Guerry AD, Wood SA, Chapin-Kramer R, Nelson E, Ennaanay D, Wolny S, Olwero N, Vigerstol K, Pennington D, Mendoza G, Aukema J, Foster J, Forrest J, Cameron D, Arkema K, Lonsdorf E, Kennedy C, Verutes G, Kim CK, Guannel G, Papenfus M, Toft J, Marsik M, Bernhardt J, Griffin R, Gowinski K, Chaumont N, Perelman A, Lacayo M, Mandle L, Hamel P, Vogl AL, Rogers L, Bierbower W (2014) InVEST 3.2.0 User’s Guide. https://storage.googleapis.com/releases.naturalcapitalproject.org/invest-userguide/latest/index.html. (accessed on 2021-01-01)
[20]	Su XY (2021) Research on the practice of characteristic industries of poor minority areas of Haidong City, Qinghai Province from the perspective of precision poverty alleviation. PhD dissertation, Qinghai Normal University, Xining. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 苏小洋 (2021) 精准扶贫视域下青海省海东市民族地区特色产业扶贫实践研究. 博士学位论文, 青海师范大学, 西宁]
[21]	Wang MJ, Sun HY (2018) Primary research on establishing protected area system dominated by national park. Forestry Construction, (3), 1-5. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 王梦君, 孙鸿雁 (2018) 建立以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系路径初探. 林业建设, (3), 1-5.]
[22]	Wang XH (2015) The design of the strategy and route of China’s national park construction. Environmental Protection, 43(14), 30-33. (in Chinese)
	[ 王夏晖 (2015) 我国国家公园建设的总体战略与推进路线图设计. 环境保护, 43(14), 30-33.]
[23]	Wang YP (2019) Study on synergetic mechanism and realization path of ecological civilization construction and human-land system optimization. PhD dissertation, Shandong Normal University, Jinan. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 王亚平(2019) 生态文明建设与人地系统优化的协同机理及实现路径研究. 博士学位论文, 山东师范大学, 济南]
[24]	Wang ZZ, Gong YZ, Mao XQ (2018) Exploring the value of overseas biodiversity to Chinese netizens based on willingness to pay for the African elephants’ protection. Science of the Total Environment, 637/638, 600-608. DOI URL
[25]	Wang ZZ, Jia YW, Liu ZY, Mao XQ, Song C (2019) International experience of national park funding patterns and its enlightenment to China. Ecological Economy, 35(9), 138-144. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 王正早, 贾悦雯, 刘峥延, 毛显强, 宋词 (2019) 国家公园资金模式的国际经验及其对中国的启示. 生态经济, 35(9), 138-144.]
[26]	Wang ZZ, Mao XQ, Zeng WH, Xie YX, Ma BR (2020) Exploring the influencing paths of natives’ conservation behavior and policy incentives in protected areas: Evidence from China. Science of the Total Environment, 744, 140728. DOI URL
[27]	Xia M (2008) Strategic research on China’s energy technology roadmap to 2050: “Symposium on Solar Thermal Utilization”. Solar Energy, (3), 44. (in Chinese)
	[ 夏茗 (2008) 中国至2050年能源科技路线图战略研究: “太阳能热利用专题研讨会”召开. 太阳能, ( 3), 44.]
[28]	Xin H (2011) Roadmap of China’s wind power development in 2050. Fine and Specialty Chemicals, 19(12), 27. (in Chinese)
	[ 辛华 (2011) 中国风电发展路线图2050. 精细与专用化学品, 19(12), 27.]
[29]	Xinhua News Agency (2021) The 14th five year plan for national economic and social development of the people’s Republic of China and the outline of long-term objectives for 2035. China Water Resources, (06), 1-38. (in Chinese)
	[ 新华社 (2021) 中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十四个五年规划和2035年远景目标纲要. 中国水利, (06), 1-38.]
[30]	Zhang CQ, Li WH, Zhang B, Liu MC (2012) Water yield of Xitiaoxi River basin based on InVEST modeling. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 3, 50-54. DOI URL
[31]	Zhang ZG, Yu CP, Lin CP (2013) Review and prospect of technology roadmap research. Science & Technology Progress and Policy, 30(5), 154-160. (in Chinese)
	[ 张振刚, 余传鹏, 林春培 (2013) 技术路线图研究回顾与展望. 科技进步与对策, 30(5), 154-160.]
[32]	Zhao XQ, Zhou QP, Ma YS, Dong QM, Zhou HK, Xu SX, Shi JJ, Zhao L, Wang WY, Wang XC (2017) Technological innovation and application of grassland ecological restoration and sustainable management in the Sanjiangyuan area. Qinghai Science and Technology, 24(1), 13-19, 2. (in Chinese)
	[ 赵新全, 周青平, 马玉寿, 董全民, 周华坤, 徐世晓, 施建军, 赵亮, 王文颖, 汪新川 (2017) 三江源区草地生态恢复及可持续管理技术创新和应用. 青海科技, 24(1), 13-19, 2.]
[33]	Zhou LZ, Ma Y, Ye XD (2002) Distribution of glires in arid regions of China. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 48, 183-194. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 周立志, 马勇, 叶晓堤 (2002) 中国干旱地区啮齿动物物种分布的区域分异. 动物学报, 48, 183-194.]
[34]	Zhu P, Liu X, Zheng YH, Wang SH, Huang L (2020) Tradeoffs and synergies of ecosystem services in key ecological function zones in northern China. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 40, 8694-8706. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 祝萍, 刘鑫, 郑瑜晗, 王世豪, 黄麟 (2020) 北方重点生态功能区生态系统服务权衡与协同. 生态学报, 40, 8694-8706.]
[35]	Zong X (2018) Study on the compensation standard of banning grazing and grass balance: Taking Maqu County in Gansu Province as an example. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 46(35), 68-71. (in Chinese with English abstract)
	[ 宗鑫 (2018) 禁牧和草畜平衡补偿标准问题研究: 以甘肃玛曲县为例. 安徽农业科学, 46(35), 68-71.]