Diversity of Leptolyngbya-like cyanobacteria in biocrusts in desert area

doi:10.17520/biods.2024186

Abstract

Abstract:

Aims: Biological soil crusts are an important landscape in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. Leptolyngbya-like cyanobacteria are common groups of cyanobacteria found in biocrusts within arid ecosystem. However, their morphological characteristics are often subtle, making species-level differentiation based solely on morphological characteristics difficult. This study aims to enrich the understanding of the species diversity of biological crust cyanobacteria in arid and semi-arid regions by integrating morphological characteristics with molecular biology.
Method: In this study, six strains of Leptolyngbya-like cyanobacteria, isolated from the Gurbantunggut Desert and the Mu Us Desert, were identified by morphological characteristics, 16S rRNA molecular sequences, and ITS (internal transcribed spacer) secondary structure methods.
Results: The results showed that all the experimental cyanobacterial strains belonged to 4 species and 4 genus of 3 families, 2 orders, including Leptolyngbya boryana of Leptolyngbya and Myxacorys californica of Myxacorys in Leptolyngbyaceae, Trichocoleus desertorum of Trichocoleus in Trichocoleusaceae of Leptolynabgales, and Oculatella coburniia of Oculatella in Oculatellaceae of Oculatellales.
Conclusion: We found Oculatellales as a new record order in China, along with Trichocoleusaceae and Oculatellaceae as new record families, Myxacorys, Trichocoleus, and Oculatella as new record genera. Additionally, T. desertorum, M. californica, and O. coburniia are newly recorded species in China. These findings enhance our understanding of cyanobacterial diversity in biocrusts in desert areas.

Key words: biocrusts, Leptolyngbya-like cyanobacteria, morphological characteristic, 16S rRNA, ITS second structure

Jing Chen, Bingchang Zhang, Yanjin Liu, Jie Wu, Kang Zhao, Jiao Ming. Diversity of Leptolyngbya-like cyanobacteria in biocrusts in desert area[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2024, 32(9): 24186.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2024186

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2024/V32/I9/24186

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1 Morphology of Leptolyngbya-like cyanobacteria strains in the desert zone (The direction of the arrow is the algae stalk mucus cap). 1, CXA030; 2, CXA033; 3, CXA025; 4, 93-2-1; 5, 124-3-1; 6, 1345-1-1. Samples of CXA030, CXA033, CXA025, 93-2-1, and 124-3-1 are from the Gurbantunggut Desert, while sample 1345-1-1 is from the Mu Us Desert.

Fig. 2 Phylogenetic tree of Leptolyngbya-like cyanobacteria strains based on the 16S rRNA gene in the desert zone. (a) Phylogenetic tree based on maximum likelihood method; (b) Phylogenetic tree based on Bayesian inference method. *

Table 1 Analyses of 16S-23S rRNA ITS region of the strains in this study

藻株 Strain	ITS全长 Complete ITS (nt)	D1-D1'螺旋 D1-D1' Helix (nt)	异亮氨酸转运RNA tRNA^Ile (nt)	丙氨酸转运RNA tRNA^Ala (nt)	Box-B螺旋 Box-B Helix (nt)	V3螺旋 V3 Helix (nt)
CXA030	332	57	-	-	33	89
CXA033	332	57	-	-	33	89
CXA025	519	62	74	73	37	36
93-2-1	443	64	-	-	33	51
124-3-1	435	64	-	-	33	46
1345-1-1	519	64	74	73	35	52

Fig. 3 D1-D1′ helix structure of Leptolyngbya-like cyanobacteria in the desert zone. a, CXA030 and CXA033; b, Leptolyngbya boryana (OQ453216); c, L. corticola (EF429300); d, CXA025; e, Trichocoleus desertorum (KF307614)/T. badius (EF429297); f, 93-2-1/124-3-1; g, Myxacorys californica (KJ939052); h, M. chilensis (KJ939079); i, 1345-1-1; j, Oculatella coburnii (AY239600); k, O. mojaviensis (KF761572).

Fig. 4 BOX-B helix structure of Leptolyngbya-like cyanobacteria in the desert zone. a, CXA030 and CXA033; b, Leptolyngbya boryana (OQ453216); c, L. corticola (EF429300); d, CXA025; e, Trichocoleus desertorum (KF307614); f, T. badius (EF429297); g, 93-2-1; h, 124-3-1; i, Myxacorys californica (KJ939052); j, M. chilensis (KJ939079); k, 1345-1-1; l, Oculatella coburnii (AY239600); M, O. mojaviensis (KF761572).

Fig. 5 V3 helix structure of Leptolyngbya-like cyanobacteria in the desert zone. a, CXA030; b, CXA033; c, Leptolyngbya boryana (OQ453216); d, L. corticola (EF429300); e, CXA025; f, Trichocoleus desertorum (KF307614); g, T. badius (EF429297); h, 93-2-1; i, 124-3-1; j, Myxacorys californica (KJ939052); k, M. chilensis (KJ939079); l, 1345-1-1; m, Oculatella coburnii (AY239600); n, O. mojaviensis (KF761572).

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