Development status and document analysis: A review on terrestrial vertebrate field surveys in China

doi:10.17520/biods.2022363

Abstract

Abstract:

Aim: To understand the history and contemporary status of terrestrial vertebrate diversity surveys in China by analyzing the existing problems and suggesting the corresponding solutions.

Method: We searched publications on terrestrial vertebrate field surveys from CNKI Database, Web of Science Core Collection Database and Duxiu Scholar Database with “mammals” “avian” “birds” “reptilians” “amphibians” “survey” “monitor” “new species” “new records” “animal resources” and “species diversity” as keywords. We reviewed the surveys on the terrestrial vertebrates since 1949 in China. We analyzed and compared the distribution of surveys among provinces and biodiversity hotspots, as well as the survey methods and techniques used.

Review Results: Compared with the surveys of mammals, amphibians and reptiles in China, surveys of birds appeared most (70.26% of all publications considered). The terrestrial vertebrate field surveys in Sichuan Province (285 publications) and Yunnan Province (260 publications) were more extensive in coverage than those in other regions. The number of surveys was different in the four biodiversity hotspots. The Indo-Burma hotspot (348 publications) and “Mountains of Southwest China” (324 publications) had more publications, and “Mountains of Central Asia” (71 publications) and “Himalaya” (66 publications) had fewer publications. The common methods on terrestrial vertebrate diversity surveys were: the line transect method, the point sampling method, the quadrat sampling method and the direct count method. The line transect method was the most frequently used in all the application scenarios (e.g., alpine tundra, farmland, city, etc.). Observation, capture, and camera traps were the most widely used sampling techniques. The observation sampling technique was the most frequently used in all application scenarios (e.g., city, wetland, grassland, etc.). At present, terrestrial vertebrate field surveys have made a lot of progress, including the development of new species data collection methods and identification techniques (e.g. unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology in the search of large mammals and mixed-waterbirds, satellite tracking technology in the search of migratory birds, etc.), and the improvement of survey methods and data management in the era of “big data”, among others.

Going Forward: In the future, we should broaden the application of new species data collection methods and identification techniques, and explore new techniques for terrestrial vertebrate surveys. Furthermore, we should improve the population data analysis and the survey management system based on “big data” which is prevalent. Lastly, in addition to developing biodiversity protection measures, the results of terrestrial vertebrate surveys should be oriented to the public, and in doing this, the general public shall gain interest in biodiversity protection.

Key words: terrestrial vertebrate, field survey, survey method, technique, biodiversity hotspot

Zhenghao Wu, Zhifeng Ding, Zhixin Zhou, Jianchao Liang, Zhuoting Wang, Yaning Zhang, Yiming Hu, Huijian Hu. Development status and document analysis: A review on terrestrial vertebrate field surveys in China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2023, 31(3): 22363.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.17520/biods.2022363

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2023/V31/I3/22363

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 The number of publications on different groups of terrestrial vertebrate surveys

Fig. 2 The number of publications published annually on terrestrial vertebrate surveys since the establishment of People’s Republic of China

Fig. 3 Linear regression analysis of annual publications on terrestrial vertebrate surveys and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita from 1949-1977 (a) and 1978-2020 (b). Each point in the graph indicates the GDP per capita for a given year in relation to the publication number in that year. GDP per capita data was from the National Bureau of Statistics.

Fig. 4 The distribution of publications on terrestrial vertebrate surveys in China. Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan were not included in the statistics due to the small amount of data. The number of publications on different terrestrial vertebrate groups in each provincial region is shown in Appendix 2.

Fig.5 The number of publications on terrestrial vertebrate surveys in biodiversity hotspots

Fig. 6 Proportion of methods for terrestrial vertebrate surveys (%). The overlapping areas of different colored ellipses indicate the simultaneous use of corresponding survey methods.

Fig. 7 Application of methods in terrestrial vertebrate surveys in different scenarios. The percentage stack bar charts are used to show the frequency of different methods used in different application scenarios.

Fig. 8 Common techniques for terrestrial vertebrate surveys. The statistical data was obtained from the publications, and calculated by the proportion of each technique used in every vertebrate group. It aimed to minimize the influence caused by the different amounts of publications in different vertebrate groups.

Fig. 9 Application of common techniques in terrestrial vertebrate surveys in different scenarios. The percentage stack bar chart is used to show the frequency of different techniques used in different application scenarios.

Fig. 10 Common techniques for terrestrial vertebrate surveys changed with the year since the reform and opening-up. The statistical data was obtained from the publications, and calculated by the proportion of each technique used in every year. It aimed to minimize the influence caused by the different amounts of publications in different years.

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